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Binary Operations Handout

The document discusses binary operations on sets, which are calculations that combine two elements of a set to produce another element of the same set. It provides examples of groups, which are sets with a binary operation that satisfy properties like closure, associativity, identity, and inverses. The document asks the reader to determine whether certain sets with binary operations, like the set of positive integers under addition, form a group by checking if they meet the group properties.

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Aaron Titular
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24 views16 pages

Binary Operations Handout

The document discusses binary operations on sets, which are calculations that combine two elements of a set to produce another element of the same set. It provides examples of groups, which are sets with a binary operation that satisfy properties like closure, associativity, identity, and inverses. The document asks the reader to determine whether certain sets with binary operations, like the set of positive integers under addition, form a group by checking if they meet the group properties.

Uploaded by

Aaron Titular
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File Edit Format View MMW101

CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA B I U

BINARY
OPERATIONS
BINARY OPERATIONS

Let G be a set. A binary


operation on 𝐺 is a function
that assigns each ordered pair
of element of 𝐺.

Where ∗ is an operation
BINARY OPERATIONS

Simply, binary operations on a


set are calculations that
combine two elements of the set
to produce another element of
the same set.
BINARY OPERATIONS

Let’s watch this.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
vuiQ0fJRD8I
BINARY OPERATIONS

The study of algebraic structures focuses on


investigating sets associated by a single
operations that satisfy certain reasonable
axioms, to define an operation on a set in a
way that will generalize such familiar
structures.
e.g. set of integers with addition operation

This led to the concept of group.


BINARY OPERATIONS

A group is an ordered pair (𝐺, ∗ ) where 𝐺 is a


set and ∗ is a binary operation on 𝐺
satisfying four properties.

• Closure Property
• Associative Property
• Identity Property
• Inverse Property
BINARY OPERATIONS

Closure Property. If any two elements of a set


are combined using the operation, the result
must be also an element of the set.

Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZhgWAJs3cZY
BINARY OPERATIONS

Associative Property. When more than two


elements are combined using the operation, the
result remains the same irrespective of how
they are grouped.

Example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLrqTOgUYbA
BINARY OPERATIONS

Identity Property. There exists an element 𝒆


in set 𝐺, such that for all

𝑎 ∈ 𝐺, 𝑎 ∗ 𝑒 = 𝑒 ∗ 𝑎 = 𝑎

Example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zd3_54eFkKc
BINARY OPERATIONS

Inverse Property. For each 𝑎 ∈ 𝐺 there is an


element 𝑎 of 𝐺, such that
−1

Example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zvVUIxKJGC0
Determine whether the set of positive
integers under addition is a group.

Step 1: To test for closure property, we


may choose any two positive integers.
Determine whether the set of positive
integers under addition is a group.

Step 2: To test for associative


property, we choose three positive
integers.
Determine whether the set of positive
integers under addition is a group.

Step 3: To test for identity property,


we choose any positive integer and look
for the identity element 𝑒.
Determine whether the set of positive
integers under addition is a group.

Step 4: To test for inverse property, we


choose any positive integer 𝒂 and add it to
its inverse 𝑎 to get the identity element 𝑒.
−1
BINARY OPERATIONS

✓ Closure Property
✓ Associative Property
✓ Identity Property
× Inverse Property
Therefore, the set of positive integers under
addition is NOT a group.
How about the set of all integers, including
negative integers, under addition?
Is it a group?
EXERCISE
Determine whether the set of
all rational numbers under
multiplication is a group.

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