PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

LESSON 6: SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

SAMPLING IN RESEARCH o Similar to simple random sampling in that the

• POPULATION. It is a group of persons or objects that members of the population can all be selected by
possess some common characteristics that are of chance. However, in stratified sampling, the
interest to the researcher, and about which the population is divided into subgroups (strata).
researcher seeks to learn more. o The samples are then selected from these
o Target Population. It is composed of the subgroups, and not from the population as a
entire group of people or objects to which
whole. Stratified is best used when the
researcher wishes to generalize the findings
characteristics of the subgroups may influence
of the study.
o Accessible Population. It is a portion of the the variables being measured.
population to which the researcher has 1.4. Cluster Random Sampling
reasonable access. o Similar to stratified sampling, cluster sampling
• SAMPLING. It is the process through which a involves the grouping of the population into
researcher selects a portion or segment from the subgroups or clusters. However, these clusters
population at the center of the researcher’s study. are not created based on specific characteristics
• SAMPLE. It is the representative of the population. or traits; thus, they are heterogeneous.
2. Non-Probability Sampling Techniques
WWAY OF COMPUTING THE SAMPLE SIZE o It is a process of selecting respondents in which
SLOVIN’S FORMULA not all members of the entire population are given
• Margin of error is the allowable error margin in a chance of being selected as samples.
research. A confidence interval of 95% gives a margin o There are cases that certain segments of a
of error of 5%; a 98% give a margin of error of 2%; a population are given priority over others, such as
99% confidence interval gives 1% margin of error.
when the researcher does not intend to generalize
to a larger population.
o This is also called non-scientific sampling.
2.1. Convenience Sampling
o This is a method selecting samples that are
available and are capable of participating in a
research study on a current issue.
o Sometimes called haphazard or availability
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES USED IN QUALITATIVE sampling.
RESEARCH 2.2. Snowball Sampling
1. Probability Sampling Techniques o A technique where the researcher identifies a key
• It is a type of sampling in which all the members of an informant about a research of interest and then
entire population have a chance of being selected. This ask that respondents to refer or identify another
is also called scientific sampling. respondent who can participate in the study.
• Types of Probability 2.3. Purposive Sampling
1.1. Simple Random Sampling o Sometimes called judgmental or subjective
• Involves the selection of a group of participants sampling.
from a larger population by chance. o It is a deliberate selection of samples based on
• Fish bowl technique wherein your select their characteristics.
participants by drawing out names from a o It employs a procedure in which samples are
transparent glass bowl. chosen for a special purpose.
1.2. Systematic Random Sampling 2.4. Quota Sampling
o It follows specific steps and procedures in doing the o It is gathering a representative sample from a
random selection of the samples. group based on a certain characteristics of the
o Participants are selected from a list based on their population chosen by the researcher.
order to the population or on a pre-determined o Non-random selection.
interval.
1.3. Stratified Random Sampling

Prepared by: Ms. Ma. Veronica Anne E. Bengala

Prepared by: Ms. Ma. Veronica Anne E. Bengala