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Class 7 Notes

The document discusses the components of the environment. It defines the environment as consisting of natural, human, and human-made components. The natural environment includes biotic factors like plants and animals, and abiotic factors like land, water, and air. It also discusses the four domains of the environment: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.

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346 views4 pages

Class 7 Notes

The document discusses the components of the environment. It defines the environment as consisting of natural, human, and human-made components. The natural environment includes biotic factors like plants and animals, and abiotic factors like land, water, and air. It also discusses the four domains of the environment: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.

Uploaded by

parvathy gopan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1 – ENVIRONMENT

• The nature, place, people, things, etc. that surrounding the living
organisms make the environment.
• It has three components: Natural, human and human-made.
• It is a combination of both natural as well as man-made phenomena.
• Natural environment comprises biotic and abiotic-conditions, whereas
the man-made phenomena comprises the activities and interactions
among human beings.
1) Prepare a flow chart on - the components of environment.

2) What do you mean by ecosystem?


● It is a system formed by the interaction of all living organism with
each other and with the physical and chemical factors of the
environment in which they live, all linked by transfer of energy
and material.

3) What do you mean by natural environment?


● The natural environment consists of land, water, air, plants and
animals.
● Thus, the natural environment refers to both biotic (plants and
animals) and abiotic (land) conditions that exist on the earth.

4) Which are the major components of the environment?


● The major components of the environment are:
(i). Natural (land, air, water, living things).
(ii). Human-made (buildings, parks, bridges, roads, industries,
monuments).
(iii). Humans (individual, family, community, religion, educational,
economic).

5) Which are the two major components of biotic environment?


● Plants and animals are the two major components of a biotic
environment.

6) What is the environment?


● Everything that we see in our surroundings forms environment and it
is our basic life support system.
● It provides us air, water, food, and land—the basic needs of our life.

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7) What is the barter system?
● The barter system is a method of trade in which goods are exchanged
without the use of money.

8) Distinguish between the biotic and abiotic environments with


examples.
● The world of living organisms is known as a biotic environment.
Example: plants, animals.
● The world of the non-living element is known as the abiotic
environment. Example: land, minerals.

9) Give Reason:
a) Man modifies his environment:
● Man modifies his environment to full fill his needs and make his
life comfortable.
● He also modifies his environment to adopt himself to the natural
surroundings.

b) Plants and animals depend on each other:


● Plants and animals depend on each other for their own sake.
● Plants releases oxygen that animals can breathe and absorb carbon
dioxide that animals release.

10) Give an account of various domains of the environment.

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Ans. There are four domains of environment
(i). Lithosphere
(ii). Hydrosphere
(iii). Atmosphere
(iv). Biosphere

(i) Lithosphere
⮚ It is the solid crust or the hard-top layer of the earth.
⮚ It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered with a thin layer of soil.
⮚ It is an irregular surface with various landforms such as mountains,
plateaus, plains, valleys etc.
⮚ It provides us forest, grasslands for grazing, land for agriculture and human
settlements. It is also a source of mineral wealth.

(ii) Hydrosphere
⮚ The domain of water is referred to hydrosphere.
⮚ It comprises various sources of water and different types of water bodies
like rivers, lakes oceans etc.
⮚ It is essential for all living organisms.

(iii) Atmosphere
⮚ It is a thin layer of air that surrounds the earth.
⮚ The gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it.
⮚ It protects us from the harmful rays and scorching (extreme) heat of the
sun.

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⮚ It consists of a number of gases, dust and water vapour.
⮚ The changes in the atmosphere produce changes in the weather and
climate.

(iv) Biosphere

⮚ Plant and animal kingdom together make biosphere or the living world.
⮚ It is a narrow zone of earth where land, water and air interact with each
other to support life

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