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Cultural and Critical Theories

The document discusses different theories of cultural and critical analysis. It describes the transmission view which sees communication as the transfer of signals and messages. In contrast, the ritual view sees communication as maintaining society over time through shared beliefs and ceremonies. The document also discusses macroscopic theories which examine how social order is affected at a large scale, versus microscopic theories that interpret small-scale everyday interactions. Finally, it introduces framing analysis developed by Erving Goffman which looks at how people use expectations to make sense of shifting social situations.

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60 views2 pages

Cultural and Critical Theories

The document discusses different theories of cultural and critical analysis. It describes the transmission view which sees communication as the transfer of signals and messages. In contrast, the ritual view sees communication as maintaining society over time through shared beliefs and ceremonies. The document also discusses macroscopic theories which examine how social order is affected at a large scale, versus microscopic theories that interpret small-scale everyday interactions. Finally, it introduces framing analysis developed by Erving Goffman which looks at how people use expectations to make sense of shifting social situations.

Uploaded by

Sofhia (Ysa)
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cultural and Critical Theories

Cultural Critical Analysis


 ritual rather than transmissional perspectives
 macroscopic vs. microscopic theories
 framing and frame analysis

Transmission View

 were seen as essentially identical process and described by the common noun
“communication”
 communication as known is referred as the transmission of signals and messages
 noted as the desire to increase the speed and effect of messages as they travel in space

Ritual View

 A ritual view of communication is directed:


1. toward the maintenance of society in time
2. the representation of shared beliefs
 it is also the extension of messages across geography for the purpose of control
 it is a sacred ceremony that draws persons together in fellowship and commonality

When we read newspaper…

 we engage in a continual shift of roles or of dramatic focus


 under ritual view, news is not information but a drama

Macroscopic vs Microscopic Theories

 Some footnotes:
 development of mass media has profound implications for the way we create,
share, learn and apply culture
 media might have the power to intrude into and alter how we make sense of
ourselves and our social world
 Macroscopic – is more interested with how the social order as whole is affected
 Microscopic – interprets what is going on in the world immediately around them
Characteristics of Microscopic Cultural Theorists
 social world as endlessly fascinating place
 mundane, the seemingly trivial, the routine
 artificial social construction
 mass media are incorporated into the routines of daily life an play an essential role in
shaping the social world

Framing and Frame Analysis

 developed by Erving Goffman (1974)


 provide a systematic account how expectations are used
 radically change the way situations and actions are seen
 experience of the world is constantly shifting
 has a limited or fixed set of experienced
 monitoring the social environment for social cue
 “frame” – a specific set of expectations that are used to make a sense of social situation
 Daily life involves countless shifts in frames
 Shifts are negotiated by using social cues
 conventional and universal

References:

 Carey, J. (1992). Communication as Culture: Essays on Media and Society, Boston: Unwin Hyman
 Naveed, F. (2017). Theories of Communications: The Emergence of Cultural and Critical Theories.
https://www.masscommunicationtalk.com/emergence-critical-cultural-theories.html

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