Scribd
Upload
61 views11 pages

Surface Water Drainage

This document discusses surface water and subsoil drainage systems. It describes how surface water is drained through open or closed drains to prevent flooding of paved areas. It also explains how subsoil drainage systems like herringbone patterns and grid iron patterns are used to drain excess water from waterlogged areas through a network of underground pipes and trenches filled with stone. The water is then discharged into soakaways or sewer lines.

Uploaded by

Sama Hodekar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
61 views11 pages

Surface Water Drainage

This document discusses surface water and subsoil drainage systems. It describes how surface water is drained through open or closed drains to prevent flooding of paved areas. It also explains how subsoil drainage systems like herringbone patterns and grid iron patterns are used to drain excess water from waterlogged areas through a network of underground pipes and trenches filled with stone. The water is then discharged into soakaways or sewer lines.

Uploaded by

Sama Hodekar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

SURFACE WATER AND SUBSOIL WATER DRAINAGE

SURFACE OR STORM WATER DISPOSAL


• This is done in open drains or closed
underground drains by road sides. Closed
drains are provided with road
gulleys/chambers/catchpits for entry of
storm water which flows through
underground network of storm water
drains to the point of disposal with a self
cleansing velocity. Surrounding area should
be sloped as to dispose such water
towards road so that it is carried by Storm
water drains.
• Paved areas are laid to gradients or falls
towards gullies or channels and gullies that
collect surface water and discharge
through drains to sewers or soakaways.

• Slope for paved area drainage should not


be less than 1:60
SURFACE WATER (HARDSCAPE)

OPEN GUTTERS

SEWER LINE/SOAK PIT/ WATER BODY


SUB SOIL WATER AND DRAINAGE
• Water logged areas are unsuitable for a
healthy living and for construction activity.
Such areas need subsoil drainage to
remove the excessive water.
• After ascertaining the slope and point of
disposal, main subsoil drains are laid at
10M to 20M centers to which branch
drains are connected at 4.5M to 9M
centers by grid iron pattern or herring
bone patterns. The entire network of
drains is laid below ground level as per
water table. Trenches are filled with brick
bats, boulders, etc. There are special pipes
available with upper half perforated and
lower half smooth to carry water collected
through perforations.
• The following systems may be used:
1. Natural: the pipes are laid to follow the
natural depressions or valleys of the site;
branches discharge into main as
tributaries do into a river.
2. Herringbone: The system consists of a
number of drains into which discharges
from both sides smaller subsidiary
branche drains parallel to eachother, but
at an angle to the mains forming series of
herringbone patterns. Normally these
branch drains should not exceed 30m
length.
SUB SOIL WATER AND DRAINAGE
3. Grid Iron: A main drain is laid near to the boundaries
of the site into which subsidiary branches discharge
from one side only.
4. Fan: The drains are laid so as to converge on a single
outlet at one point on the boundary of a site without
the use of a main collecting drain.
5. Moat/cut off: this system consists of drains laid on
one or more sides of a building to intercept the flow
of subsoil water and carry it away, so protecting the
foundations of a building.
SOAKAWAY PITS
• Where the subsoil is porous (pervious), it is
convenient to construct soakaways to
collect surface-water and rainwater
discharges. A soakaway is a pit either lined
or unlined into which the water is
discharged and from which the water
seeps or soaks away to the surrounding
pervious soil.
• In firm pervious soil it is sufficient to dig a
pit without lining and water is drained
directly into it. It is covered with concrete
slab.
• In moderately compact soil the pit can be
filled with clean broken stone to maintain
the sides of the pit without lining.
• In granular soil the pit has to be lined with
brick, stone or concrete to maintain its
sides. This lining should be porous enough
for the water to soakaway in the
surrounding soil.
• It is often cheaper to excavate two or more
small soakaways rather than one large
soakaway to reduce drain run lengths.
• Soakaway should be at least 3 meters away
from buildings so that the soakaway water
does not affect the building foundations,
and should also be on slopes down from
buildings rather than towards buildings to
avoid overflowing and flooding.
SURFACE WATER (SOFTSCAPE)

SUBSOIL DRAINS

CATCHPITS

SOAK PIT/ WATER BODY

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy