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Track Drainage

Track drainage involves intercepting, collecting, and disposing of surface and subsurface water in railway tracks. Surface water comes from rain, snow, and adjacent areas and is drained using well-designed side and cross drains. Subsurface water comes from capillary action, seepage, and fluctuating groundwater. A good track drainage system prevents water infiltration through surface and subsurface levels using measures like ballast, sand piles, side drains, and catch water drains to collect and remove water and stabilize the track foundation.

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212 views12 pages

Track Drainage

Track drainage involves intercepting, collecting, and disposing of surface and subsurface water in railway tracks. Surface water comes from rain, snow, and adjacent areas and is drained using well-designed side and cross drains. Subsurface water comes from capillary action, seepage, and fluctuating groundwater. A good track drainage system prevents water infiltration through surface and subsurface levels using measures like ballast, sand piles, side drains, and catch water drains to collect and remove water and stabilize the track foundation.

Uploaded by

Book Jk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Track Drainage

Track Drainage
•Track drainage can be defined as the interception, collection and
disposal of water from, upon or under the track. It is accomplished by
installing a proper surface drainage and sub-surface drainage system.
•Sources of water in a Railway Track.
•Surface water due to rain, dew, snow.
• Seepage water from adjacent area.
•Moisture sucked up by capillary action resulting in increase of
moisture in the subgrade or embankment.
•Hygroscopic water or held water

•Rain water (surface water)


Source of water in a railway track
Track drainage system
 A good track drainage system should essentially ensure that no water
percolates into the track at either the surface or the sub-surface levels.

 The efficiency of a modern track depends upon the strength and


stability of the formation which in turn depends upon the good track
drainage.
 Track drainage should be handled in two distinctive phases

1.surface drainage
2.sub-surface drainage
surface drainage
 surface water due to rain, snow or from adjacent areas should be
drained off properly by designing well-planned and effective surface
drains.
 For bank and formation, good quality soil having well graded particles
and high internal friction should be used. The soil should not swell or
shrink with variation in moisture content.
 The surface water is first collected in well designed side drains and
cross-drains which is further disposed off at the nearest stream or
natural water course.
 Cross drainage structures like culverts and bridges may be necessary
for disposing of the surface water.
Sand piles
 Sand piles Sand drains may be used for the removal of surface water
from the embankment. In this method, holes of 30 cm diameter and
1.8 to 3.0 m deep are made between two rails and on the sides of the
rails in the embankment. These holes are filled with coarse sand thus
forming sand piles.
 Functions of sand piles are

1.to support the track.


2.sand piles compact the soil and provide mechanical support to the
subgrade just like wooden piles.
3.The drainage of the subgrade also improves, as water rises to the
surface through the sand piles by capillary action and evaporates.
Sand piles
Side drains
 Side drains should be provided along the track cutting and zero fill
locations, where in the cess level is not above the ground level.
 Fig. shows the typical cross section of a side drain. Side drain must
have an adequate gradient and cross section to enable the free flow of
collected water.

 All side drains should be provided with concrete lining.


Side drains
Sub-surface drainage
• The variations in moisture content of subgrade or embankment are mainly
caused due to :
1.Fluctuations in movement of capillary water
2.Seepage water from adjacent area
3.rising of ground water table
4.Percolation of rain water, etc.
• The object of sub-surface drainage is to keep these fluctuations of
moisture as minimum as possible.
Drainage of capillary water
 The capillary rise in the embankment can be prevented by the ballast
as shown in the embankment or inverted filter of pervious material
below the ballast as shown in fig.
Drainage of seepage water
 I n case of track in cuttings, the water seeps from adjacent area to sub
The surface water entering the subgrade is prevented by providing
catch water drains at the cutting and side drains as shown in Fig.

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