PREFACE Primary Mathematics (U.S. Edition) comprises textbooks and workbooks. The main feature of this package is the use of the Concrete = 3% sivact approach. The students are provided with the necessary learning experiences beginning with the concrete and pictorial stages, followed by the abstract stage to enable them to learn mathematics meaningfully. This package encourages active thinking processes, communication of mathematical ideas and problem solving. The textbook comprises 9 units. Each unit is divided into parts: ®, @, . . . Each part starts with a meaningful situation for communication and is followed by specific learning tasks numbered 1, 2, . . . The textbook is accompanied by a workbook. The sign (ss - & => is used to link the textbook to the workbook exercises, Practice exercises are designed to provide the students with further practice after they have done the relevant workbook exercises. Review exercises are provided for cumulative reviews of concepts and skills. All the practice exercises and review exercises are optional exercises. The color patch Bl is used to invite active participation from the students and to facilitate oral discussion. The students are advised not to write on the color patches.LN Comparing Numbers 1 Comparing Numbers 6 2 Comparison by Subtraction 10 eZ = eee =) LN Graphs 1 Picture Graphs / 3\, Numbers to 40 1 Counting o 18 2 Tens and Ones 3. Addition and Subtraction 4 Adding Three Numbers = SS o= <3 Multiplication 1 Adding Equal Groups 42 2 Making Multiplication Stories 46 3 Multiplication Within 40rn {3 Division 1 Sharing and Grouping “6 \, Halves and Quarters 1 Making Halves and Quarters /8\\ Numbers to 100 1 Tens and Ones 2 Order of Numbers 3 Addition Within 100 4 Subtraction Within 100 1 Bills and Coins 2 Shopping Seri 66 73 eh@ Comparing Numbers | have 3 stamps. Who has more stamps, Matthew or john? 61. Are there more frogs than penguins? 3. Are there more mangoes than pineapples? 74, (a) Which set has more stamps? (b) What number is 1 more than 3? a cin Bee, * What number is 1 more than 8? 5 6. (a) What number is 1 more than 5? (b) What number is 1 more than 6?7. (a) What number is 1 less than 7? What number is 1 less than 10? 9. (a) What number is 1 more than 7? (b) What number is 1 less than 9?There are 3 more flowers than butterflies. There are 3 fewer butterflies than flowers. We can compare two numbers by subtraction.4, Write a number sentence for each story. SEER te? There are Po more rabbits than carrots. (b)Sam buys | fewer pineapples than mangoes. 3 Workiook Exerches 3 @ 6 >>@ Picture Graphs Place a color chip on each toy. Use the same color for each type of toy.Then make a picture graph like this: The picture graph shows the number of each type of toy. How many balls are there? How many more cars than dolls are there? How many fewer cars than balls are there? How many toys are there altogether? 15(a) ay children have their birthdays in July. (b) i more children have their birthdays in Juty than in May. 162, him and Rosni like to read books: This picture graph shows the number of books they read last week. (a) Ali read = books. (b) = read the most books. (c) Rosni read & more books than Ali. (d) They read & books altogether. 7 Workion baie 769 >Numbers to 40 meoneeeeee eee @ Counting Count the beads.Make tens and count. 10 ten 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 19 23 twenty-three20 + 3 = 23 20 +5 = —i 28 is 20 and 8. oe | hel twenty-eight1112 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 sie | | 29 and 1 make 30. thirty-four 30 and 4 make 34. xo +4 = a1 more than 39 is 40. +1 =i (a) How many sticks are there? Wekoock are 194 1 > ) 20+6 = (c) 6 more than 20 is a. (a) How many eggs are there? ) 30+ 8 = (c) 8 more than 30 is Be. 2 [wettest sees 2 >9. What are the missing numbers? (a) What number is 1 more than 24? (b) What number is 1 less than 30? (c) What number is 2 more than 36? (d) What number is 2 less than 28?11. (a) Which is greater, 24 or 27? 125 Compare these numbers. @ @#B ®@ (a) Which number is the greatest? (b) Which number is the smallest? (c) Arrange the numbers in order. Begin with the smallest. 2 Worlbook Erercie 15 >>@ Tens and Ones There are 3 tens and 4 loose ones. thirty-four 34 = 3 tens 4 ones 2610 ones 1 ten = a tens 4 ones 29i = 2 tens 3 ones ° 686 | Seoe SESS eA = 3 tens 8 ones 28(b) There are ae beads. (c) Are there more eggs or more beads? How many more?4; (a) What number is 1 more than 24? 1. 2 c a IF [ [ SE (c) What number is 1 less than 24? Dias oe a- ~~ Eas a (d) What number is 10 less than 24? ESEREEEEEs | a5. (a) What number is 1 more than 29? 31 [- Werkiook toerche >all 515-3= 25-3 = 35=3=1. Add or subtract. (©) = 29+ 10= Zeae : 29-105 Bae 34 Weribook Evercias 18 8 19>2. Add 29 and 3. erafeee ky Count on from 29: @O.8.@ 29+3= 9 3. Subtract 2 from 31. Count backwards from 31: 0, 38 [__Werktook txerase 20>4.25:4+6°= Godu? 37 [woriiook Eeries 21 9 24>20-1 38— Workbook frac 26 w 27 >>Q Adding Three Numberss+5+5= ii Complete the addition sentences. “@) 444442 (8 @ 6+4+3= fi (9 3+2+9- 9 @ o+6+6- ie (e) 7+5+4> (g) 8+7+3-— 41@ Adding Equal Groups Count each type of fruit.There are 5 pears in each group. There are 4 oranges in each group. There are 6 pineapples in each group. 43There are Gl rabbits in each group. There are be rabbits altogether. Eee ee | > > LAD KBAPD CSOs There are i shells in each group. There are Pe shells altogether. &£S Oo 2o 52 OO Se Fo we There are e boats in each group. There are ee boats altogether. 447806 There are i groups of 3. There are Pd carrots altogether. There are a groups of 4. There are a cakes altogether. There are . groups of 1 There are & fish altogether. 45 (Wettcar teenQ Making Multiplication Storiesa This is multiplication. It means putting together equal groups. py ee Multiply 4 and 2. The answer is 8. There are 4 equal groups. There are 2 blocks in each group. There are 8 blocks altogether. 471. Make up a story for each number sentence. (a) There are 4 vases. There are 3 flowers in each vase. There are 12 flowers altogether.2. Make up a story for each number sentence. (9) a9 Workbook Exardsas 23 8 34>© Multiplication Within 404x5 =] There are Poa sticks altogether. 543. Complete the number sentences.There are 6 stamps in each row. How many stamps are there in 3 rows? There are 4 stamps. Lily made these squares with straws. How many straws did she use? re She used e straws. 53 [Weieas trercse36 >| put 15 apples equally on 3 plates. Divide 15 apples into 3 equal groups. There are i apples in each group. 55Divide 15 apples into groups of 3. There are pee groups.Each child gets a kiwis. 57‘Workteck Grarcint 37 & 26> c GIVESex iyi) How many vases are needed? = vases are needed. 58There are 20 coins. Put 5 coins in a set. How many sets are there? he Pw & Fe we There are - sets. Divide 12 mangoes into groups of 3. How many groups are there? SES There are e groups. 59 ‘Workbock Fuerte 29 & 48 >>Halves and Quarters @ Making Halves and Quarters Fold a piece of square paper into halves. Then fold it into quarters.a whole JD eves BD cvorers 2. Which pictures show halves? (b) 3. . Which pictures show quarters? nee 6 [Wortoce Garcen 411 >>a It is 6 o'clock in the morning. 62What time is it?It is 4 o'clock. It is half past 4. It is a o'clock. It is half past fee. It is half past a.What time is it? 65 Werkbook Beardse 45“bth 6 40eeeighty ninety 90 o oe S a if 9 one hundred | tens = 100Count the tens. 1. tens (c) tens s Sseventy-four 74 is 70 and 4. -three sixty 60 and 3 make 63.3. Count the tens and ones. —— n Workbook Beeies 47 9 43>R Werk Breresef ae @ele OOS Van eae EXEL 2 : 58) @ Addition Within 100 Add 54 and 3. 4+3- i Count on 3 ones from 54: ®. @.@ Saat y 3) we 50 4 Add 4 and 3. iepet 2 B 60 5 a a BB BB a EFS 6+2- | “a+6> fi ) AaERE I [ EREEE Oo BOR. Heeeeee 78 Workbook Exerse 38>3. Add 62 and 30 nD Nn + w So I eae ae Toon CoE GEESE) a: EEEEEEEES) CEEEEEEEEE] ERE Count on 3 tens from 62: fs 60 2 Add 60 and 30. 79(a) oO I I 000 (b) Oy aaa Eee) LER) Ee [es RL SASS] Ee) HRBeae 30 + 46 80 Workbock Exerses 59 & 60>Add 32 and 16, 5: 325+16 6. Add 43 and 35. Werkbook Bxarine 6 8} Subtraction Within 100 Subtract 2 from 48. 48-2 7 40 8 Subtract 2 from 8.dl | _ fas | so 7 G - 57 -3 Werthack Bunce 62>) UU oo 70 | 82-6 = Re (<) (4) a | 9 85 = Workbook Excise 63>»3. Subtract 20 from 53. 53 — 20 APs 50m 3 Subtract 20 from 50. as4-30 - Workbook Exeter 64 8 65 >> 865. Subtract 14 from 56. 56 - 10-4 Subtract 32 from 78. “tii 78 — 32 =@ Bills and Coins ™ We use these coins and bills in the U.S. Do you know their values?A five-doliar bill can be changed for = one-dollar bills. A ten-dollar bill can be changed for eS five-dollar bills. 891. Mary paid this amount of money for a note book. Ge mw, © @ * 25, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95 cents The note book cost | ¢. 2.3. How much money is there in each set of coins? ee e m 2 ) eo \& &¢ et (f)How much money is there in each set?5. 6. Which set has a bigger amount of money? “eee. ee. —S°® Ge Nolen | is cheaper! < See3) Shopping ——* TNs | have $20. | have $3 left after buying the doll. have $15. | do not have enough money to buy the doll. I néed $2 more.