TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN(COLLECTIONS FROM CAMBRIDGE)：

1. The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence
in Australia.
Q ： In the past, Australians had a higher opinion of doctors than they do today.

2. The term of formal learning is used to refer to all learning which takes place in the
classroom, irrespective of whether such learning is informed by conservative or progressive
ideologies. Informal learning on the other hand is used to refer to learning which takes
place outside the classroom.
Q：Informal learning takes place outside the classroom.

3. Research in Britain has shown that "green consumers" continue to flourish as a

significant group amongst shoppers. This suggests that politicians who claim
environmentalism is yesterday's issue may be seriously misjudging the public mood.
Q：The research findings report commercial rather than political trends.

4. The traditional images of the "male breadwinner" and "female housewife and mother"
may be breaking down among females but this process is occurring more slowly among
males.
Q：Men accept changing perceptions of traditional gender roles more slowly than women do.

5. Informal learning, in contrast, occurs in the setting to which it relates, making learning
immediately relevant. In this context, language does not occupy such an important role: the
child's experience of learning is more holistic, involving sight, touch, taste, and smell-senses
that are underutilized in the classroom.
Q ： Language does not occupy as important a role in informal learning as it does in formal
learning.

6. Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain
their demise.
Q：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.

7. Biologically, a species becomes extinct when its last individual dies.

Q：In biological terms, a species is said to be extinct when only one individual exists.

8 ． As domestic markets are opened up to international competition and quotas which

restricted the quantity of imports from any one country are abandoned, cheap, subsidized
foreign imports are threatening the livelihood of many women small producers and
entrepreneurs in "cottage industries".
Q：The opening up of domestic markets has greatly benefited cottage industries.

9 ． The introduction of the dry plate process brought with it many advantages. Not only
was it much more convenient, so that the photographer no longer needed to prepare his
material in advance, but its much greater sensitivity made possible a new generation of
cameras. Instantaneous exposures had been possible before, but only with some difficulty
and with special equipment and conditions. Now, exposures short enough to permit the
camera to be held in the hand were easily achieved.
Q: Before the dry plate process short exposures could only be achieved with cameras held in the
hand.

10．Most of the port city's population is engaged in providing goods and services for the
city itself. Trade outside the city is its basic function. But each basic worker requires food,
housing, clothing and other such services.
Q: Most people in a port city are engaged in international trade and finance.
11．Almost all the 200 fisheries monitored by the FAO are fully exploited. One in three is
depleted or heavily overexploited, almost all in the developed countries.
Q : Approximately one third of depleted fishing grounds are in developing countries.

12．Even in wet areas once teeming with frogs and toads, it is becoming less and less easy
to find those slimy, hopping and sometimes poisonous members of the animal kingdom.
Q: Frogs and toads are usually poisonous.

13. There are numerous clubs which appeal to people of all ages, and cater for all tastes.
Pubs are the venue for smaller modern bands, while the big-name popular music artists,
both local and international, attract capacity audiences at the huge Entertainment Center
in the heart of the city.
Q: The Entertainment Center is only for international poplar music artists who attract large
audiences.

15. Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all our agencies are subject to demand.
In special circumstances, long-distance bus tickets can also be purchased from the driver.
Q: Tickets must be bought in advance from any one of our authorized agents.

16. But generally winter sports were felt to be too specialized．

Q：The Antwerp Games proved that winter sports were too specialized．

17. Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breeding
cycles of frogs．
Q： It is a fact that frogs’ breeding cycles are upset by worldwide increases in temperature．

18. In Sydney, a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palates
and pockets. In summer, café patrons often sit outside at tables under umbrellas, and enjoy
the passing parade of shoppers. Students who prefer to cook at home can choose from
several large weekend markets, where fresh fruit, fish, and vegetables may be bought more
cheaply than at the local supermarket. Sydney also has its own Chinatown.
Q: There is now a greater variety of restaurants to choose from in Sydney than in the past.

19. The 57-square-kilometer Sydney Harbor is one of the largest in the world, and famous
for the unmistakable 134-meter high arch of the Harbor Bridge and the graceful sails of the
Opera House.
Q: Sydney Harbor is the largest in the world.

21. Macquarie University endeavors to keep pace with the technology innovation by
equipping the campus with computers accessing the Internet. Moreover, our computer
clubs, whose number is constantly increased, provide printers with only a reasonable
charge.
Q: Our computer clubs offer color printers.

22. His aim was to bring together ，once every four years，athletes from all countries on
the friendly fields of amateur sport．
Q： Only amateur athletes are allowed to compete in the modern Olympics．

23. Cyprus is the third largest Mediterranean island and one of the most popular tourist
destinations, attracting over 2.4 million tourists per year. For its proximity to the
Continent, tourists in Cyprus come mainly from Europe. A former British colony, it became
an independent republic in 1960 and a member of the Commonwealth in 1961.
Q：Most of tourists visiting Cyprus are from the UK.
TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN(COLLECTIONS FROM CAMBRIDGE)：

1. In fact, traditional practices draw on a continuing wealth of technological ingenuity.

Q: Traditional societies are highly inventive in terms of technology.

3. Zoos were originally created as places of entertainment, and their suggested involvement
with conservation didn’t seriously arise until about 30 years ago, when the Zoological
Society of London held the first formal international meeting on the subject.
Q: Zoos made an insignificant contribution to conservation up until 30 years ago.

4. Today approximately 16 species might be said to have been ‘saved’ by captive breeding
programmes, although a number of these can hardly be looked upon as resounding
successes. Beyond that, about a further 20 species are being seriously considered for zoo
conservation programmes. Given that the international conference at London Zoo was held
30 years ago, this is pretty slow progress, and a long way off Tudge’s target of 2,000.
Q: The number of successful zoo conservation programmes is unsatisfactory.

8. This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the
backbone of health action today.
Q: The principles of the Ottawa Charter are considered to be out of date in the 1990s.

9. Smoking, it is believed, is responsible for 30 per cent of all deaths and clearly represents
the most important preventable cause of cancer in countries like the United States today.
Q: Thirty per cent of deaths in the United States are caused by smoking-related diseases.

10. He was arguing in favour of the position taken by Karl Popper in The Logic of
Scientific Discovery that the nature of scientific method is hypothetico-deductive and not,
as is generally believed, inductive.
Q：Popper says that the scientific method is hypothetico-deductive.

11. This change is no more evident than in Western society today, when notions of health
and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways.
Q: Doctors have been instrumental in improving living standards in Western society.

13. Archaeology makes clear that with judicious management selected parts of Amazonia
could support more people than anyone thought before.
Q: It would be possible for certain parts of Amazonia to support a higher population.

14. In social circumstances, dress has often been used as a role sign to indicate the nature
and degree of formality of any gathering and occasionally the social status of people
present.
Q: It is probably a good idea to keep dress as a role sign even nowadays.

15. As an illustration of the health risks, in the case of a married couple where one partner
is a smoker and one a non-smoker, the latter is believed to have a 30 per cent higher risk of
death from heart disease because of passive smoking.
Q: If one partner in a marriage smokes, the other is likely to take up smoking.

17. Australia’s native dung beetles are scrub and woodland dwellers, specializing in coarse
marsupial droppings and avoiding the soft cattle dung in which bush flies and buffalo flies
breed.
Q: Bush flies are easier to control than buffalo flies.

18. International trade is growing at a startling pace. While the global economy has been
expanding at a bit over 3% a year, the volume of trade has been rising at a compound
annual rate of about twice that.
Q: International trade is increasing at a greater rate than the world economy.

19. At the turn of the 20th century, agriculture and manufacturing were the two most
important sectors almost everywhere, accounting for about 70% of total output in
Germany, Italy and France, and 40-50% in America, Britain and Japan.
Q: Japan imports more meat and steel than France.

20. It is impossible to learn the sequence of events that led to our developing the concept of
number. Even the earliest of tribes had a system of numeration that, if not advanced, was
sufficient for the tasks that they had to perform. Our ancestors had little use for actual
numbers; instead their considerations would have been more of the kind Is this enough
rather than How many when they were engaged in food gathering, for example.
Q: For the earliest tribes, the concept of sufficiency was more important than the concept of
quantity.

21. In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage, it is likely that children will
have formed ideas about rainforests --- what and where they are, why they are important,
what endangers them --- independent of any formal tuition.
Q: Children only accept opinions on rainforests that they encounter in their classrooms.

22. The indigenous peoples of Tasmania were only able to count one, two, many; those of
South Africa counted one, two, two and one, two twos, two twos and one, and so on.
Q: Indigenous Tasmanians used only four terms to indicate numbers of objects.

23. First, energy and other natural resources have become more abundant, not less so, since
the book ‘The Limits to Growth’ was published in 1972 by a group of scientists.
Q: Data on the Earth’s natural resources has only been collected since 1972.