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CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

Review MODULE – BASIC TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

SERVICE RATE – associated with departure rate (𝜇); describes the 𝑫𝑫𝑯𝑽 = 𝒌(𝑫)(𝑨𝑨𝑫𝑻)
number of vehicles given service on a highway. k = proportion of AADT occurring at the peak hour
DEMAND – associated with arrival rate (𝜆); describes the number of D = peak hour volume proportion in the major direction
vehicles arriving at the queue point and awaiting service. Hourly Expansion Factors:
QUEUE (Q) – difference between the Demand and Service Rate for 𝑯𝑬𝑭 =
𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝟐𝟒𝒉𝒓 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒅
a certain stretch of a highway. 𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒓
Daily Expansion Factors:
SITUATION 1. A ramp meter operates during the morning peak period. Ramp
meter cycles vary with time as shown in the table below. The metering scheme 𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒌
allows one vehicle per cycle to pass the signal. The table below gives the 𝑫𝑬𝑭 =
𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒅𝒂𝒚
number of vehicles demanding service on the ramp during the particular time
intervals, the cumulative demand for the ramp for the morning peak and the Monthly Expansion Factors:
ramp meter cycle for each interval.
𝑨𝑨𝑫𝑻
TIME PERIOD 15 min Volume Cumulative Meter cycle (s) 𝑴𝑬𝑭 =
𝑨𝑫𝑻 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉
Volume
6:30 – 6:45 75 75 6 Accident rate for 100 million vehicle miles of travel (HMVM) for a
6:45 – 7:00 100 175 10 segment of a highway:
7:00 – 7:15 125 300 12
7:15 – 7:30 110 410 12 𝑨(𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎)
𝑹=
7:30 – 7:45 80 490 10 𝑨𝑫𝑻(𝑵)(𝟑𝟔𝟓𝑳)
7:45 – 8:00 65 555 6 Accident rate per million entering vehicles (MEV) for an intersection:

a. Compute the service rate for Meter Cycle 6, 10 and 12. 𝑨(𝟏 𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎)
𝑹=
b. Determine the time the queue on the ramp begins and ends. 𝑨𝑫𝑻(𝑵)(𝟑𝟔𝟓)
c. Determine the longest queue in vehicles.
Severity Ratio
SITUATION 2.
Scheduled maintenance will close two of the four westbound lanes of a 𝒇𝒂𝒕𝒂𝒍 + 𝒊𝒏𝒋𝒖𝒓𝒚 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔
𝑺𝑹 =
freeway during one weekday from the period of 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM. The 𝒇𝒂𝒕𝒂𝒍 + 𝒊𝒏𝒋𝒖𝒓𝒚 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔 + 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒚 𝒅𝒂𝒎𝒂𝒈𝒆
demand on the two lanes is as shown. If the capacity of four lanes with two PROBLEM 1. A traffic engineer urgently needs to determine the AADT on a
lanes open is 2960 veh/hr, determine the following: rural primary road. She collected the data shown below on a Tuesday during
TIME Demand (Veh/hour) the month of May. Determine the AADT of the road.
9 - 10 AM 4000 Time Volume HEF
10 – 11 AM 3500 7:00 – 8:00 400 29
11 – 12 Noon 2500 8:00 – 9:00 535 22.05
12 – 1 PM 2000 9:00 – 10:00 650 18.80
1 – 2 PM 2000 10:00 – 11:00 710 17.10
2- 3 PM 2000
11:00 – 12:00 650 18.52
3 – 4 PM 2000
DEF for Tuesday = 7.727
a. Compute the time when the queue occurs. MEF for May = 1.394
b. Compute the maximum queue.
PROBLEM 2. The projected AADT of a proposed facility is 33,000 veh/day. If
c. Compute the maximum queue length in meters if one car is assumed to be
the proportion of AADT in the design hour is 16 percent and the peak-hour
5 m long.
directional distribution is 65:35.
PEAK HOUR FACTOR a. Determine the DDHV.
b. Assume that the PHF, fHV, and fp of the proposed facility are 0.91, 0.925,
𝑷𝑯𝑽
𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 𝑯𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑭𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 (𝑷𝑯𝑭) = and 1.0, respectively, the maximum service flow rate for the facility to provide
𝑯𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒆𝒔𝒕 𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒅 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 a LOS of 1,500 veh/h/ln. The number of lanes required will be:
SITUATION. For the given data shown: PROBLEM 3. The number of accidents for 5 years recorded in a certain
intersection of a highway is 5892. If the average daily traffic is 476, what is the
TIME VOLUME accident rate per million entering vehicles?
6:00 – 6:15 33
6:15 – 6:30 38 PROBLEM 4. The accident rates for 100 million vehicle miles of travel caused
6:30 – 6:45 30 by people attempting to pass a heavily traffic 2 lane rural highway is 6.0. The
6:45 – 7:00 34 length of the road is 10 miles with an ADT of 36000. Determine the estimated
7:00 – 7:15 38 yearly reduction in total crashes if the crash reduction factor is 0.25.
7:15 – 7:30 20 PROBLEM 5.
Data on a traffic accident recorded for the past 5 years on a certain stretch of
a. Peak hour. a two-lane highway is tabulated as follows.
b. Peak hour volume.
c. Peak hour factor. Property
Year Injury Fatal
d. Design Hourly Factor. Damage
2010 110 42 4
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS 2011 210 54 2
2012 182 60 5
AADT – is the average 24 – hour traffic volume at a given location over a full
2013 240 74 7
year.
ADT – is the average 24 – hour traffic volume at a given location for a period 2014 175 94 6
of time less than a year. (e.g. summer, six months, a month, a season) Determine the severity ratio for the given accident record.