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Tutorial 8 Summer

1. This document contains 11 questions related to calculating Madelung constants, ionic radii, lattice energies, and bond properties for ionic compounds like NaCl. 2. Questions 1-3 ask the student to calculate the Madelung constant for a 1D array of ions and then use values to calculate the cohesive energy of KCl. 3. The remaining questions ask the student to determine ionic radii from force equations, calculate potential energies using Madelung constants, and explain terms related to ionization energies and bond properties.

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61 views2 pages

Tutorial 8 Summer

1. This document contains 11 questions related to calculating Madelung constants, ionic radii, lattice energies, and bond properties for ionic compounds like NaCl. 2. Questions 1-3 ask the student to calculate the Madelung constant for a 1D array of ions and then use values to calculate the cohesive energy of KCl. 3. The remaining questions ask the student to determine ionic radii from force equations, calculate potential energies using Madelung constants, and explain terms related to ionization energies and bond properties.

Uploaded by

dineshazm83
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial-8 (SUMMER SEM 2023)

[Physics-2(15B11PH211)]

Assignment: Calculate the Madelung Constant in the three dimensional NaCl


crystal structure.

1. [CO1] What is Madelung constant? Show that the Madelung constant for a
one dimensional array of ions of alternating sign with a distance ro between
two successive ions is equal to 2log2.
2. [CO1] Explain why? (a) ionic compounds have higher melting and boiling
points (b) ionic compounds are easily soluble in water but not in benzene.
3. If n for KCl is 5.77, Madelung constant is 1.75 and nearest neighbour
separation is 0.314 nm. Calculate the cohesive energy [I=4.1 ev, E =3.6 ev]
4. [CO3] Suppose an atom A has ionization energy 5eV, and an atom B has an
electron affinity of 4 eV. Suppose the atoms A and B are 0.5nm apart. What
is the energy required to transfer an electron from A to B?
5. [CO3] The force of attraction between ions of Na and Cl is 3.02x10-9 N when
the two ions just touch each other. If the ionic radius of Na+ is 0.095nm,
what is the radius of Cl- ?
6. [CO3] Calculate the net potential energy of a sample of Na+ Cl- ion pair by
using

and by using the b value obtained from the repulsive force of -3.02 x 10-9 N
for the Na+Cl- ion pair at a= 0.276 nm . Assume n =9 for NaCl.

7. [CO3] If the attractive force between Mg2+ and S2- ions is 1.49 x 10-8 N and if
the S2- ion has radius of 0.184 nm, calculate a value for the ionic radius of
the Mg2+ ion in nanometers.

8. [CO2] Explain the terms: (a) Ionization energy (b) Lattice Energy (c)
Cohesive Energy (d) Electron Affinity

9. [CO3] Potential energy of a system of two particles is given as


What will be the bond length when the two atoms form a stable bond?

10. Explain why Covalent bonds are directional and saturated; ionic bonds are
unsaturated and non-directional.

11. Potential energy of two atom system is as:

A stable molecule is formed with the release of 8.0 eV energy when the inter-
atomic distance is 2.8 Å. Calculate the force needed to dissociate the
molecule into atoms?

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