LO3.

Designing efficient networked systems involves several key considerations, including:

1.Scalability: The network must be able to handle an increasing number of users and devices
without a significant decrease in performance.

2.Redundancy: The network must have multiple paths for data to travel to ensure availability
in case of failure.

3.Security: The network must be designed to protect against potential security threats, such as
unauthorized access, data breaches, and denial-of-service attacks.

4.Quality of Service (QoS): The network must be able to prioritize different types of traffic,
such as real-time video and voice, to ensure optimal performance for critical applications.

5.Monitoring and Management: The network must be designed with the ability to monitor and
manage its performance, including the ability to quickly identify and resolve issues.

6.Cloud based system: The network must be designed to seamlessly integrate with cloud-
based services and applications, ensuring secure and reliable access to them.

7. By considering these factors, a networked system can be designed to be efficient, reliable,

and secure, meeting the organization's needs and supporting its growth.

P5.

To design a networked system that meets a given specification, the following steps can be
taken:

1.To design a networked system that meets a given specification, the following steps can be
taken:

2.Identify the requirements: Understand the organization's needs, including the number of
users, devices, and types of applications that will be using the network. Also, take into
account the organization's growth plans and any specific security or compliance requirements.

3.Assess the current infrastructure: Evaluate the existing network infrastructure, including
hardware, software, and connections. Identify any areas that will need to be upgraded or
replaced to meet the new requirements.
4.Design the network architecture: Based on the requirements and current infrastructure,
design a network architecture that includes the necessary components, such as routers,
switches, firewalls, and wireless access points, to support the organization's needs.

5.Implement security measures: Ensure that the network is designed with security in mind and
includes features such as firewalls, VPNs, and intrusion detection/prevention systems to
protect against potential threats.

6.Test and validate: Before deployment, test the network to ensure it meets the specified
requirements and validate its performance.

7.Deploy and manage: Once the network has been designed, tested, and validated, it can be
deployed and managed. Continuously monitor the network's performance, troubleshoot issues
and make adjustments as needed to ensure it continues to meet the organization's needs.

Figure Netsol network diagram

P6.

Testing and evaluating the design of a networked system to meet the requirements and
analyzing user feedback are important steps in ensuring its efficiency. The following steps
can be taken to test and evaluate the design:
Testing and evaluating the design of a networked system to meet the requirements and
analyzing user feedback are important steps in ensuring its efficiency. The following steps
can be taken to test and evaluate the design:

1. Conduct functional testing: Test the network's basic functionality, such as connectivity,
data transfer, and access to applications and services.

2. Perform load testing: Simulate realistic usage scenarios and test the network's ability to
handle the expected number of users and devices.

3. Conduct security testing: Test the network's security measures, such as firewalls, VPNs,
and intrusion detection/prevention systems, to ensure they are functioning properly and
providing adequate protection.

4. Analyze performance metrics: Collect and analyze performance metrics, such as network
latency, throughput, and availability, to evaluate the network's overall performance.

5. Gather user feedback: Once the network is deployed, gather feedback from users on their
experience, including any issues they have encountered or areas they believe can be
improved.

6. Continuously monitor and improve: Continuously monitor the network's performance

and address any issues that arise. Use the feedback from users and the performance
metrics to identify areas for improvement and make adjustments as necessary to increase
efficiency.

By performing these tests and gathering feedback, any problems with the design can be
identified and addressed, and the network can be optimized for efficiency.

It's also important to keep in mind that after the deployment, regular maintenance and
upgrade should be done to keep the network updated, secure and efficient.

Here are some steps to test a network designed in Cisco Packet Tracer:
Verify connectivity: Test basic connectivity between devices by pinging them. This will
ensure that all devices are configured properly and can communicate with each other.

Figure :Verify connectivity

Test routing protocols: Configure and test routing protocols such as OSPF and EIGRP to
ensure that they are working as expected.
Figure routing protocols

Test security features: Configure and test security features such as firewalls, access lists, and
VPNs to ensure that they are properly protecting the network.

Figure :fire wall

Test Quality of Service (QoS): Configure and test QoS features such as traffic shaping and
prioritization to ensure that they are properly prioritizing different types of traffic.

Figure:Packet details

Gather user feedback: Test the network in different scenarios and gather feedback from users
on their experience, including any issues they have encountered or areas they believe can be
improved.

Devices and IP

Device name IP address

PC0 192.168.1.2

PC1 192.168.1.3

PC2 192.168.1.4

PC3 192.168.1.5

PC4 192.168.10.3

PC5 192.168.10.5

PC6 192.168.10.4

PC7 192.168.10.2

PC8 192.168.30.3

Laptop0 192.168.10.6
Laptop1 192.168.30.3

Laptop2 192.168.30.1

Laptop3 192.168.30.4

Switch0 192.168.1.1

Switch1 192.168.10.1

Switch2 192.168.30.3

Router0 100.50.0.1

Router1 10.0.0.0

Router2 20.0.0.0

Printer1 192.168.1.7

Printer2 192.168.10.8

Server -PT 192.168.1.6

Syslog

Server PT 100.50.0.2

HTTP

Server-PT 192.168.10.8

FTP

M3 .

In Cisco Packet Tracer, you can install and configure network services and applications by
using the command line interface (CLI) of the devices in your network. Here is an overview
of the process:

1) Open Cisco Packet Tracer and create a new simulation or open an existing one.
2) Select the device you want to configure and open the CLI by double-clicking on the
device or by right-clicking and selecting "Command Line Interface.

3) Use the appropriate commands to install and configure the network services or
applications. For example, to enable a DHCP server on a Cisco router, you would use the
"ip dhcp pool" command to create a DHCP pool and the "ip dhcp excluded-address"
command to specify the IP addresses that should not be assigned by the DHCP server.
4) Save the configuration by using the "copy running-config startup-config" command.

5) Test your configuration by connecting devices to the network and verifying that they are
able to obtain IP addresses and access the network services or applications.

It's important to note that the specific commands and configuration options will vary
depending on the network service or application you are trying to install and configure, and
the type of device you are using. It's recommended that you consult the documentation for the
specific service or application and the Cisco IOS command reference for the device you are
using.
D2 .

1. Regularly scheduled backups: Back up the system's configuration and data on a regular
basis (daily, weekly, or monthly) to ensure that the system can be quickly restored in
case of a failure or disaster.

2. Software updates and upgrades: Regularly check for and install software updates and
upgrades to ensure that the system is running the latest version of the operating system
and applications.

3. Hardware maintenance: Schedule regular maintenance for the system's hardware, such as
replacing worn or failed parts, cleaning the system, and checking for proper cooling and
ventilation.

4. Security: Regularly check for and install security updates and patches, and perform
vulnerability assessments to detect and remediate potential security issues.

5. Performance monitoring: Monitor the system's performance, such as CPU and memory
usage, to detect any issues that may be impacting the system's performance.

6. Event logging: Monitor system logs and events to detect and troubleshoot issues, and to
identify potential security threats.

7. Auditing: Regularly audit the system to ensure compliance with organizational policies
and regulations.

8. Disaster recovery planning: Develop and test a disaster recovery plan to ensure that the
system can be quickly and effectively restored in case of a disaster.

It's important to note that the specific maintenance tasks and schedule will vary depending on
the nature of the networked system, the type of devices and software used, and the
organization's policies and requirements. It's recommended that you consult the
documentation for the specific devices and software used in the networked system and consult
with experts when needed.
LO4
LO4

As a Networking expert at NEATSOL, I understand that implementing and diagnosing

networked systems in a cloud-based environment can be a challenge. However, with the right
approach and tools, it is possible to successfully deploy and maintain a robust and secure
network infrastructure in the cloud. Here is an overview of the steps that I would take to
implement and diagnose networked systems in a Cisco-based cloud environment:

1. Design and plan the network: I would work with the organization's IT team and
stakeholders to understand their requirements and use cases, and design a network
infrastructure that meets their needs. This would include determining the number of
VLANs, the subnetting scheme, and the routing protocols to be used.

2. Configure and deploy network devices: I would use Cisco's cloud-based network
management tools, such as Cisco Meraki, to configure and deploy network devices, such
as switches, routers, and firewalls, in the cloud. I would also ensure that the network
devices are configured with the appropriate security settings, such as access control lists
(ACLs) and VPNs, to secure the network.

3. Monitor and troubleshoot the network: I would use Cisco's network management tools,
such as Cisco Prime, to monitor the network's performance and troubleshoot any issues
that may arise. This would include monitoring the network's traffic, identifying and
isolating bottlenecks, and troubleshooting connectivity issues.

4. Implement security measures: I would implement security measures to protect the

network from cyber threats and unauthorized access. This would include configuring
firewalls and intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS) and implementing
security best practices, such as regular security audits and vulnerability assessments.

5. Automation and orchestration: I would use automation and orchestration tools, such as
Ansible, to automate network provisioning, configuration management, and compliance
enforcement, this will greatly help us to scale the network efficiently, and to make sure
that the network remains secure and compliant with organizational policies.

6. Training and documentation: I would provide training and documentation to the

installation technician and other members of the IT team on how to install, configure,
 and maintain the network infrastructure. This will ensure that the team can successfully
maintain and troubleshoot the network in the future.

P7.

With the right approach, tools, and expertise, it is possible to successfully implement and
diagnose networked systems in a Cisco-based cloud environment. I am confident that with the
support of the installation technician and the rest of the IT team, we can successfully deploy
and maintain a robust and secure network infrastructure at NEATSOL.

1) Implementing a networked system based on a prepared design involves several steps,

including the physical installation of the network devices, configuring the devices, and
testing the network to ensure it is functioning properly. Here is an overview of the
process:

2) Physical installation: Install the network devices, such as switches, routers, and firewalls,
in their designated locations. Connect the devices to the appropriate power sources and
network cabling, such as Ethernet cables and fiber-optic cables.

3) Device configuration: Configure the devices according to the design plan. This would
include setting up IP addresses, configuring routing protocols, and configuring security
settings such as firewalls and VPNs.

4) Software installation: Install any necessary software and applications on the devices,
such as network management software and security software.

5) Testing: Test the network to ensure that it is functioning properly. This would include
pinging devices to ensure that they are reachable, testing connectivity between devices,
and testing the network's performance.

6) Document: Document the network infrastructure, including the IP addressing scheme,

routing protocols, and security settings. This documentation is important for future
reference and troubleshooting.

7) Monitor: Implement monitoring tools, such as SNMP, to monitor the network's

performance and troubleshoot any issues that may arise.
8) Maintenance: Schedule regular maintenance for the network devices, such as backups
and software updates, to ensure that the network remains reliable and secure.

It's important to note that the specific steps and configuration options will vary depending on
the nature of the networked system, the type of devices and software used, and the
organization's policies and requirements.It's also important to test the network thoroughly
before deploying it to production and to have a rollback plan in case of any issues.It's
recommended that you consult the documentation for the specific devices and software used
in the networked system and consult with experts when needed.

P8.

Documenting and analyzing test results against expected results is a critical step in the
process of implementing a networked system. It helps to ensure that the system is functioning
correctly and to identify and resolve any issues that may have arisen during the testing
process. Here is an overview of the steps involved in documenting and analyzing test results:

1. Document test results: Record all test results, including any observations, issues, or
errors that were encountered during the testing process. This documentation should
include detailed information about the test environment, the test cases that were run, and
the results of each test case.
2. Compare test results to expected results: Compare the test results to the expected results
that were outlined in the design plan. Identify any discrepancies or issues that were
encountered during the testing process.

3. Analyze test results: Analyze the test results to identify the root cause of any issues that
were encountered. This would include identifying any configuration or software errors,
network bottlenecks, or other factors that may have contributed to the issues.

4. Identify solutions: Identify solutions to any issues that were encountered during the
testing process. This could include implementing software updates, modifying the
configuration of the network devices, or adding additional hardware to the network.

5. Implement solutions: Implement the solutions that were identified in the previous step.
Retest the network to ensure that the issues have been resolved.

6. Document solutions: Document the solutions that were implemented and any changes
that were made to the network. This documentation is important for future reference and
troubleshooting.

It's important to note that the specific steps and documentation will vary depending on the
nature of the networked system, the type of devices and software used, and the organization's
policies and requirements. It's recommended that you consult with experts when needed.

P8 .

There are several commands that can be used to test network devices in Cisco Packet Tracer.
Some of the most commonly used commands include:

ping: The ping command is used to test connectivity between devices on a network. The
command is used in the form "ping [ip address]", where [ip address] is the IP address of the
device that you want to test connectivity to.
traceroute: The traceroute command is used to determine the path that packets take to reach a
specific destination. The command is used in the form "traceroute [ip address]", where [ip
address] is the IP address of the destination device.

show ip route: The show ip route command is used to display the routing table on a device.
The command is used to check the current routing status and troubleshoot routing issues.
show interfaces: The show interfaces command is used to display information about the
interfaces on a device. The command is used to check the status of the interfaces, such as the
line protocol, the IP address and the packets count.
show ip interface brief: The show ip interface brief command is used to display a summary of
the interfaces on a device. It shows the interface name, status, protocol, IP address and other
information.

M4 .

As a Networking expert, there are several potential enhancements that can be recommended
for the networked systems to improve its performance and security. Some of the most
common enhancements include:

 Implementing VLANs (Virtual LANs): VLANs can be used to segment a network into
smaller, more manageable subnetworks. This can improve network security by isolating
different types of traffic and limiting the scope of network breaches.

 Implementing Quality of Service (QoS): QoS can be used to prioritize different types of
traffic, ensuring that critical applications and services receive the bandwidth they need.
This can help to reduce network congestion and improve overall network performance.

 Implementing Network Address Translation (NAT): NAT can be used to hide internal IP
addresses from external networks, improving security by making it more difficult for
attackers to target specific devices.

 Implementing Access Control Lists (ACLs): ACLs can be used to control access to
network resources based on specific conditions, such as IP addresses, protocols, and
ports. This can help to improve security by limiting access to only authorized users and
devices.

 Implementing Network Segmentation: Segmenting a network into smaller, more

manageable subnetworks can help to improve security by isolating different types of
traffic and limiting the scope of network breaches.
 Implementing Network Encryption: Encrypting network traffic can help to protect
sensitive data from being intercepted and read by unauthorized parties.

 Implementing a Firewall: Firewall can be used to block unauthorized access to the

network, protect against malicious traffic, and monitor network activity for suspicious
behavior.

 Implementing VPN: Virtual private network (VPN) can be used to create a secure,
encrypted connection between.

D3 .

Critical reflection

Critical reflection is the process of evaluating one's own work in order to identify areas for
improvement and make informed decisions. To use critical reflection to evaluate my own
work, I would follow Review the work: I would review the work I have done, such as the
design and implementation of the networked system, and take note of any issues or challenges
that I encountered.Identify areas for improvement: I would then identify areas where I think
the work could be improved, such as areas where I struggled with the design or
implementation, or areas where I think the final outcome could be better.Research and gather
information: I would research and gather information on best practices and potential solutions
to the issues and challenges that I identified in step 2.Evaluate the evidence: I would then
evaluate the evidence that I have gathered and use it to make informed decisions about how to
improve my work.

Implement changes: I would then implement the changes that I have identified, such as
updating the design or making adjustments to the implementation, and re-test the networked
system.Reflect on the outcome: After making the changes, I would reflect on the outcome and
assess whether the changes have led to an improvement in the overall performance and
security of the networked system.Communicate conclusion: I would communicate the
conclusion about the evaluation of my own work, including any recommendations for future
work.By following these steps, I can use critical reflection to evaluate my own work and
make valid conclusions One way to evaluate my own work is to compare it to the original
design and objectives. This can help to identify any areas where the final outcome did not
match the intended design, and identify any areas where the design could be improved in the
future. Additionally, I can review the test results and compare them against the expected
results. Any deviations or unexpected results should be noted and investigated to determine
the cause. Another way to evaluate my own work is to consider the feedback from other team
members or stakeholders. Their perspectives and insights can provide valuable information on
how the networked system is functioning and how it can be improved. Additionally, I can also
reflect on the overall process and identify any challenges or difficulties that were encountered
during the implementation and configuration of the networked system. This can help to
identify areas where additional training or support may be needed in the future. In conclusion,
by using critical reflection to evaluate my own work, I am able to identify areas of
improvement and make any necessary adjustments to ensure the networked system is
functioning optimally and meeting the organization's needs. This process of self-reflection
helps me to continuously improve my skills and knowledge and will help me to provide better
service to the company and its clients.