INFERRENTIAL STATISTICS ACTIVITIES

1. BASIC CONCEPTS OF STATISTICS

ACTIVITY:
• San Marcos national high school has 2355 total learners.
Find the sample size at 95% accuracy.
Answer:
n = N/1+Ne2
= (2355/1+2355) (0.05)2
= 2355/2356 (0.0025)
= 2355/5.89
= 399.83 or 400
Chapter 1.1: KINDS OF VARIABLES
ACTIVITY:
Determine the dependent and independent variable in the following experiment.
1. How does the amount of sleep impact test scores?
• Dependent variable: The amount of sleep affect test scores.
• Independent variable: The amount of sleep impact test scores.
2. What is the effect of caffeine on sleep?
• Dependent variable: The effect of caffeine on sleep.
• Independent variable: The amount of caffeine effect on sleep.

1. Determine the different variables during “Five Days Mid-Year INSET”.

• Quantitative variable: ______________
• Qualitative variable: _______________
• Discrete variable: __________________
• Continuous variable: _______________

Chapter 1.2: MEASUREMENT SCALE (Interval and Ratio scale)

ACTIVITY:
Identify whether interval or ratio scale.
1. 110 and 120 volts (AC); 220 and 240 volts (AC) and etc.
2. 1st grader, 2nd grader, 3rd grader etc.
3. Calculate mean and median of variables.
4. The number of elections a person has voted and etc.
5. Point zero characteristic.

Answer:
1. Interval scale 2. Interval scale 3. Interval scale 4. Ratio Scale 5. Ratio Scale
Chapter 1.2: MEASUREMENT SCALE (Nominal and Ordinal scale)

1. Differentiate Nominal and Ordinal Scale of Measurement.

2. Give example for each scale of measurement.
Answer:
1. Nominal Scale - Observations can be named without particular order or ranking imposed
on the data. Words, letters, and even numbers are used to classify the data.
 Ordinal Scale - Describes ranking or order. The difference or ratio between two rankings
may not always be the same. It also assigns numbers (like nominal), but here the numbers
also have meaningful order. Number indicates placement or order: 1st is better than
second and so on.
2. Examples:
Nominal Scale Ordinal Scale

2. TABULAR PRESENTATION OF DATA

Chapter 2.2: PRESENTING DATA

ACTIVITY 1:
• Using a table, present on how you spend your time in a day.
Answer:
DAILY TIME ACTIVITIES
TIME ACTIVITIES NUMBER OFHOURS
4:00 – 5:00 GET UP, COOK BREAKFAST 1 HOUR
5:00 – 5:15 EAT BREAKFAST 15 MINUTES
5:15 – 5:30 TAKE A BATH 15 MINUTES
5:30 – 5:50 PREPARE FOR SCHOOL 20 MINUTES
5:50 – 6:30 GO TO WORK 40 MINUTES
6:30 – 7:00 PREPARATION 30 MINUTES
7:00 – 12:00 AT WORK 5 HOURS
12:00 -1:00 BREAK TIME 1 HOUR
1:00 – 4:45 AT WORK 3 HOURS 45 MINUTES
4:45 – 5:00 SCHOOL RELATED ACTIVITIES 15 MINUTES
TOTAL NUMBER OF HOURS 13 HOURS

ACTIVITY 2:
• Interpret and present data using tables and tabular
Problem:
According to Tem’s Sweets Delight, 5-star Munch sold 54 pieces at a cost of 28 pesos each,
While Perk Gems Candy Sold at 36 pcs. At a cost of 45 pesos each. 18 pieces were sold by kisses
bar for 54.50 cents each. What Sweets sold less than Mars.
1. Which candies has the lowest sales among the others?
2. What candy has the highest sales?
3. What is the total Amount of candies Sold?
Answer:
Tem’s Sweet Delight: Data Presentation Table
NAME OF NO. OF COST OF CANDY/PC. AMOUNT COST
CANDIES CANDIES SOLD
5 Star Munch 54 28 pesos 1, 512 pesos
Perk Gems Candy 36 45 pesos 1, 620 pesos
Kisses Bar 18 54 pesos and 50 centavos 981 pesos
Total Cost 4, 113 pesos
1. Which candies has the lowest sales among the others?
 Kisses Bar
2. What candy has the highest sales?
  Perk Gems Candy
3. What is the total Amount of candies Sold?
 4, 113 pesos
Chapter 2.3: FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION TABLE
ACTIVITY:
Given: 2, 5, 5, 13, 25, 33, 50

1. Find the Median?

 The median is 13.

2. Find the Mode?

 The mode is 5.

3. Find the Mean?

 2+5+5+13+25+33+50 = 133/7
Mean = 19

4. Find the Range?

 50 -2 = 48
Range = 48

5.  Find the Standard Deviation?

√19 = 4.36

3. GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF DATA

Chapter 3.1: TYPES OF GRAPHS

ACTIVITY:

Chapter 3.2: CHOICE OF GRAPHS

ACTIVITY:

Chapter 3.3: PROPERTIES OF GRAPHS

ACTIVITY:
This set of Discrete Mathematics Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) focuses on “Graphs
Properties “.
1. In a 7-node directed cyclic graph, the number of Hamiltonian cycle is to be ___c______.
a.) 728
b.) 450
c.) 360
d.) 260
Explanation: A Hamilton cycle in a connected graph G is defined as a closed path that traverses
every vertex of G exactly once except the starting vertex, at which the path also terminates. In an
n-complete graph, there are (n-1) ½ Hamiltonian cycles and so the answer is 360.
2. If each and every vertex in G has degree at most 23 then G can have a vertex coloring of
_________________.
a.) 24
b.) 23
c.) 176
d.) 54
Explanation: a vertex colouring of a graph G + (V’, E”) with m colours is a mapping F: V” -> {1,
…..,m} such that f(v) for every (u,v) belongs to E. Since in worst case the graph can be
complete, d+1 colours, are necessary for graph containing vertices with degree at most “d”. So,
the required answer is 24.
 3. Triangle free graphs have the property of clique number is ______________.
a.) Less than 2

b.) Equal to 2
c.) Greater than 3
d.) More than 10
Explanation: In an undirected triangle-free graph no three vertices can form a triangle of edges. It
can be described as graphs with clique number less than 2 and the graphs with birth greater than
4.

4. MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

Chapter 4.1: MEAN
Activity:
Solve for the mean of the following ungrouped data:

Answer:
34 + 45 + 27 + 24 + 30 + 33 + 43 + 46 + 39 + 20 = 341/10
Mean = 34.1
Chapter 4.2: MEDIAN
Activity:
Find the median of 3, 13, 7, 5, 21, 23, 39, 23, 40, 23, 14, 12, 56, 23, 29
Score from Highest to Lowest
56, 40, 39, 29, 23, 23, 23, 23, 21, 14, 13, 12, 7, 5, 3

Answer:
Chapter 4.3: MODE
Activity:
5. MEASURES OF VARIATION, SKEWNESS AND KURTOSIS
Chapter 5.1: RANGE
Activity:
If you read a biography, and wrote down how many pages you read each day, you could
take the range:
 Monday – 12 pages
 Tuesday – 9 pages
 Wednesday – 11 pages
 Thursday – 3 pages
 Friday – 8 pages
Answer:
3, 8, 9, 11, 12
Find the Range.
12 – 3 = 9
Range = 9
Chapter 5.1: INTERQUARTILE RANGE
ACTIVITY:
Find the Interquartile Range (IQR) given the following 9 scores arranged from smallest to
largest.
46, 46, 53, 55, 69, 74, 75,82,90.
Answer
n=9

Position Q1 = (n+1)/4 Position Q2 = 2(n+1)/4 Position Q3 = 3(n+1)/4

= 9+1/4 = 2(9+1)/4 = 3(9+1)/4
= 10/4 = 2(10)/4 = 3(10)/4
= 2.5 = 20/4 = 5 = 30/4 = 7.5
Position Q1 = 3rd Position Q2 = 5th Position Q3 = 7th
Q1 = 53 Q2 = 69 Q3 = 75

Chapter 5.2: STANDARD DEVIATION & VARIANCE

ACTIVITY:
You grow 20 crystals from a solution and measure the length of each crystal in millimeters.
DATA:
9 ,2, 5, 4, 12, 7, 8, 11, 9, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 4, 10, 9, 6, 9, 4
Calculate the variance and standard deviation of the length of the crystals.

Answer:
Chapter 5.3: SKEWNESS
ACTIVITY:
1. If the coefficient of skewness of a distribution is 0.32, the standard deviation is
6.5 and the mean is 29.6 then find the mode of the distribution.
Answer:
Using the formula for the first coefficient of skewness, the mode can be determined as follows:

0.32 = (29.6 – mode)/6.5

2.08 = 29.6 – mode
Mode = 27.52
1. Calculate the second coefficient of skewness for the following data:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9
Chapter 5.4: KURTOSIS

Answer:

Answer:

6. SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

Chapter 6.1: POPULATION AND SAMPLE
ACTIVITY:
1. How many samples are required in a study if an office of 500 people are to be
considered using 97% precision?
2. How many samples are required in a study if an office of 500 people are to be
considered using 5% margin of error?
Answer:
Formula: n = N/1+Ne2
1. n = 500/1+500 (0.97)2
n = 500/501 (0.9409)
n = 471.3909

2. n = 500/1+500 (0.05)2
n = 500/501 (0.0025)
n = 399.202

Chapter 6.2: SAMPLING METHODS

Directions: List down or enumerate what are being asked on each of the following item:
(1-4) Probability Samples
(5-8) Non-Probability Samples
Answer:
Probability Samples
3. Random Sampling
4. Systematic Sampling
5. Stratified Sampling
6. Cluster Sampling
Non-Probability Samples
7. Convenience Sampling
8. Purposive Sampling
9. Quota Sampling
10. Snowball Sampling
Chapter 6.3: SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION
ACTIVITY:
Problem:
A school district has a population of 1000 high school students, with a mean GPA of 3.0
and a standard deviation of 0.5. If a random sample of 100 students is selected, what is the
probability that the sample mean GPA is greater than 3.2?
Answer:

Chapter 6.4: NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

ACTIVITY: The average age of bank managers is 40 years. Assume the variable is normally
distributed. If the standard deviation is 5 years. Find the probability that the age of randomly
selected bank manager will be in the range between 35 and 46 years old. Answer:
Chapter 6.5: DISTRIBUTION
ACTIVITY:
1. Find the 99th percentile of the t-distribution with 18 degrees of freedom.
2. Find the 95th percentile of the t-distribution if the sample size is 25.
Answer:

7. INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY AND THE BINOMIAL PROBABILITY

DISTRIBUTION
Chapter 7.1: FUNDAMENTAL THEORIES OF PROBABILITY

Chapter 7.2: PRINCIPLES OF COUNTING NUMBERS

Chapter 7.3: PERMUTATIONS

Chapter 7.4: COMBINATION
ACTIVITY:

1. In a school photography club, there are 10 boys and 8 girls.

2. In how many ways can a committee of 5 students be selected?
3. In how many ways can a committee of 4 boys and 3 girls be selected from the
group?
Answer:

Chapter 7.5: BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION

ACTIVITY:

If a coin is tossed 5 times, find the probability of:

(a) Exactly 2 heads

(b) At least 4 heads
Answer:
Solution:
Given:
n=5
p = 50% or 0.5
q = 1 – 0.5 = 0.5
x1 = 4
x2 = 5

8. ESTIMATION
Chapter 8.1: SAMPLE SIZE FOR ESTIMATING POPULATION MEAN
Chapter 8.2: ESTIMATION OF THE POPULATION PROPORTIONS
Chapter 8.3: FINITE POPULATION CORRELATION FACTOR
Activity:

Solution:

9. TEST OF HYPOTHESIS

10. TEST OF HYPOTHESIS

Chapter 9.1: STATISTICAL HYPOTHESIS
ACTIVITY:
1. We want to test whether the mean height of eight graders is 66 inches. State the
null hypothesis.
Find in the correct symbol (=, ≠, ≥, ‹, ≤, ›) for the null and alternative
hypothesis.
2. We want to test if college students take less than five years to graduate from
college, on the average. The null hypothesis is:
Answer:
1. Ho: μ = 66
Ha: = μ ≠ 66

2. Ho = μ ≥ 5

Chapter 9.2: LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE

Chapter 9.3: ERROR OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Activity:
Chapter 9.4: Z-TEST
Chapter 9.5: T-TEST
Chapter 9.6: INDEPENDENT PROPORTIONS
10. SIMPLE CORRELATION
Chapter 10.1: PERSON PRODUCT MOMENT CORRELATION
Chapter 10.2: SPEARMAN RHO
11. OTHER CORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS
Chapter 11.1: Point Biserial Coefficient of Correlation
Activity:

Answer:

Chapter 11.2: Phi Coefficient

Activity:
 ESSAYS JUDGES
1 2 3
A 8 7 8
B 6 5 6
C 4 6 5
D 1 2 1
E 3 3 2
F 2 1 3
G 5 4 4
H 7 8 7
Three judges rated eight essays with the following results. Calculate the Kendall’s W or
coefficient of concordance for this data.

Answer:
Chapter 11.3: Kendall Coefficient of Correlation
Chapter 11.4: Test of Significance of Correlational Analysis

12. ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

Chapter 12.1: One Way ANOVA
Chapter 12.2 Two Way ANOVA
13. SELECTED NON-PARAMETRIC METHOD
Chapter 13.1: Chi-Square Test
Chapter 13.2: Goodness of Fit Test
Chapter 13.3: Cramers Coefficient
Chapter 13.4: Mc Nemar Test
Chapter 13.5: Wilcoxon Mann Whitney U-Test
Chapter 13. 6: Kruskall Walls One-Way ANOVA

END