2017 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC)

21 - 23 Dec 2017, Dhaka, Bangladesh

IoT Based Street Lighting And Traffic Management

System
Mohd. Saifuzzaman Nazmun Nessa Moon Fernaz Narin Nur
Jahangirnagar University Daffodil International University Daffodil International
Dhaka, Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh University Dhaka, Bangladesh
saifakash.cse@gmail.com moon@daffodilvarsity.edu.bd narin@daffodilvarsity.edu.bd

Abstract—In this modern era where energy is the major well as city centers. S. K. Cho et.al. [4] made a survey and
concern worldwide, it is our prior responsibility & liability to described that in average 30% of a city’s electricity is
save energy effectively. With the development of technology, consumed by lighting the streets. The present situation is like,
where automation system plays a vital role in daily life the street lights will be on in the evening before the sun sets
experience and also it is being preferred over the traditional and they are switched off the next day morning after there is
manual system today. The main purpose of this project is to enough light on the roads, sometimes the street light remains
invent an intelligent system which can make decisions for on in daylight. Being an energy saving age, it is responsibility
luminous control (ON/OFF/DIM) considering the light intensity. to save energy effectively. This project gives the best solution
Here the day and night mode can be identified by fixing a
for the wastage of electricity. If the traffic decreases
particular intensity value on LDR sensor and street light can be
controlled by IR sensor. The interesting part of this paper is the
significantly say between 1:00AM and 6:00AM, then dimming
installation of solar cell for the power supply but in course of the lights is the best solution. It will reduce the illumination of
circumstances, if the solar cell is unable to do so, a secondary the street lights to 20% whenever no vehicle was detected. In
backup DC current will maintain the situation immediately. addition, here another remarkable side of this project is that we
Another remarkable part of this project is to maintain the traffic can avoid electricity supply for lighting the street light, instead
signal automatically without any help of traffic police and of that we can use solar cell for the power supply which can
monitor the entire system through internet by installing save around 30% of electricity wastage as shown in Fig. 1.
surveillance camera. All the components of this project are very
simple and cost effective but efficient to make a reliable
intelligence system.

Keywords—IoT, Adruino Uno, IR motion sensor, LDR, LED,

Servo motor, Solar panel, automation, energy efficiency,
monitoring.

I. INTRODUCTION (HEADING 1)
Internet of Things is actually playing a vital & important
role in our everyday life, after it’s showing up. It shows a
remarkable changes over traditional system and other
traditional & general household equipment to make our life
better [5-10]. IoT is basically a combination of Operational
Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) which
allows unstructured machine-generated data to be analyzed for
insights that will drive improvements. Saifuzzaman et.al. [1],
D. Giusto et.al. [2] and Li Da Zu et.al. [3] described that IoT is
actually the internetworking physical devices, embedded with
electronics, software, sensors which enable these objects to Fig. 1. Scenarios of Solar lighting system operation
collect and exchange data from an ecosystem. Here why we
mention IoT? Because all these mentioned components are Another remarkable part of our project is to bring discipline
used here to make an effective ecosystem. to the streets, for this purpose, we install barrier. The barrier
can be spikes or traffic bollard based on the necessity and
As we all know, street lights are one of the main city’s assets effectiveness as shown in Fig.2.
which provide safe roads and enhanced security in homes as

978-1-5386-2175-2/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE

121
 2017 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC)
21 - 23 Dec 2017, Dhaka, Bangladesh

III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE OF PROPOSED SYSTEM.

To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this
system, we need to make a schematic architecture by which we
can show the entire process at a glance as shown in Fig.3.
From the architecture, we can easily say that the whole system
is a combination of basically two separated part. The first one
is street lighting operation and other is traffic management
system.

Fig. 2. Traffic Barrier and Signal management

After that we make a surveillance system by installing

camera which can be controlled and monitored through
internet. By this camera the whole system can be monitored
and the data will be stored in database.
So the summary of our project is in day light, the street
light remains off and in the night, it can automatically dimming
the light for the parts of the streets having no vehicles and goes
on the brighten state for these parts once there are some
vehicles that are passing by the road. At the time of red signal a
Fig. 3. Internet of things Schematic showing of the system architecture
barrier will appear automatically which has been done by using
servo motor and at the time of green signal, the barrier will
disappear. Another signal is added here to avoid accident A. Street Lighting System
which is yellow signal. It means if any vehicle is on the barrier In this research, we will find out the effectiveness of power
zone, it is time for them to stay away immediately and it gives consumption. Anyway in our modern life where energy is the
warning to stop immediately who are behind the barrier zone basic need for every developed and developing countries. For
as shown in Fig.2. the betterment of that, we made a street lighting prototype to
In our project, we think that if the traffic signal and the find out the effectiveness and made a statement to how we can
barrier system can be installed together in this way then it can achieve an energy saving era.
save a huge amount of energy as well as it is the best solution
for the maintenance of traffic signal. B. Traffic Management System
In this particular research, traffic management is really an
II. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD important part to turn every city into a smart city. Here the
basic aspect of this research is to decrease traffic jam and force
Firstly, chips would be installed which consist of a
everyone to obey the traffic rules. Because in today’s world,
microcontroller along with various kind of sensors like light
traffic jam has become a curse. To make everyone save from
intensity sensors, IR sensors and surveillance camera etc. All
the curse, we take this initiatives.
data from the chip would be received on a PC and the PC
would also transmit the controlling action to the chip by the
efficient programming. The research work has been divided IV. LITERATURE REVIEW
into two phases: In general, our research cover the literature review from
different sources which is targeted various aspect of street
A. Research/ Paper Work lighting, traffic management & surveillances the road. Here we
Paper work actually based on ideas, secondary information can say that our research is an integrated research which
from various journals, published book, and newspapers along combined two major aspect & make a unique proposal of
with internet. The study is qualitative and unique in nature. effectiveness. From figure 3, we can see that street lighting
operation where we combined it with other system and make it
B. Developed work accessible through internet to develop a cost effective, easy &
less power consumption project. As initially proposed in [11-
To do a complete field study, we need to develop a 18], everywhere they discussed LED driver architecture to use
prototype by which we can maintain & control all the smart street lighting system to develop a reliable system which
experiment like traffic lighting operation & street management may decrease the waste of energy. They clearly discussed that
operation to find out the effectiveness, predictable cost of setup the presence of vehicle or object will make light on otherwise it
& maintenance and problem formulation. remains off or dim. After that Silva et.al. [19] and Morais
et.al. [20] Analyzed the dimming efficiency and effectiveness

122
 2017 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC)
21 - 23 Dec 2017, Dhaka, Bangladesh

to save a huge amount of power like when the vehicle or object After finishing all the research work, we developed our
passes through the modules (here we use IR module), the street proposed system as shown in Fig.5.
light will glow than the initial intensity of the light. So that at
time of mid-night, the wastage of energy can be decreased. So,
in our research work we use this procedure but to make it more
effective, we integrate here the solar panel system. We use
solar panel as primary source and the dc current for the backup
sources. If any occurrence happens in solar then the dc current
will run the system. Solar energy could alleviate a lot of stress
on the conventional power grid, and take us a step further in
the process of moving towards a more intelligent power grid.
Solar energy could alleviate plenty of stress on the
conventional power grid, and take us a step more within the
process of moving towards a more intelligent power grid and
reduces a huge amount of waste of energy [21-28].
Here comes another part which is traffic control and
monitoring part. Mannering et.al. [29], Gerlough et.al. [30]
and Sharma et.al. [31] discussed & analyzed the traffic flow
and its controls but still traffic jam is a curse in many countries
in the world. So to get rid of it, we generate an idea which will Fig. 5. Developed prototype of our proposed system.
force everyone to obey the traffic rules. Here we actually use
three signals by which we can maintain the traffic without any This system has been developed and tested in the field for
help of the traffic police. But if needed, a manual system has several months to verify the entire functionality under real life
been kept for emergency purposes. After that, the monitoring condition. By using our methodology, a huge amount of power
system comes to maintain traffic system, lighting system as near about 30-40% can be saved and the curse of traffic jam
well as to maintain the security purposes. In previous research can be deprived because of obeying the traffic rules. And due
[32-38], some discussed about the monitoring part, some to the monitoring system all unwanted situation can be
discussed about the automatic identification technology based captured and stored for further use.
on image and vehicle license plate and some discussed about
other methods. But we only use the camera only for the
monitoring part and security purposes but in near future VI. CONCLUSION & FUTURE THOUGHTS
definitely we will continue our research on the identification In order to enrich our daily life with IoT, the use and
technology based on image processing and vehicle license necessity of technological system is very important to establish
plate. So, our monitoring system will be maintained through a smart city. Because we believe, the more research and
internet and all the data will be stored in a database for further development of IoT, the more development & establishment of
use. This monitoring system has made the entire system IoT smart city will be observed. So we realize, our proposed
based system because every type of hardware, sensors, system can fulfill this particular demand. This project is easy,
software and cloud has been combined here to make an reliable, cost effective and significant in daily life. In our
effective smart system. Recently the popular research topic is project, the traffic lighting system parts is perfect and can
smart city. So our research will be a small initiative towards fulfill the demand of energy saving. And the traffic
making a smart city. management part is extraordinary. In future, we wish to
develop an android apps to evaluate the traffic load monitoring/
V. TESTS AND RESULTS evaluating. This app will be able to show us the traffic jam
status of every single streets/ roads in a city. And by seeing this
At first, we made a prototype to evaluate how we will status we can easily change our route of journey toward the
arrange our entire system, what will we need to do further less jam streets. Here the development of monitoring part is
research and development as shown in Fig.4. pretty much basic & simple but able to fulfill the general
demands. In near future we will establish an identification
technology based on image processing like vehicle license
plate identification. So we can say, the framework of creating a
smart city, IoT plays a vital role [39] and in near future, our
research work will be a small contribution.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
Author acknowledge the support of the faculty members of
Daffodil International University to develop this proposed
system and also acknowledge those who previously worked on
this concept.
Fig. 4. Model of our proposed system

123
 2017 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC)
21 - 23 Dec 2017, Dhaka, Bangladesh

REFERENCES [21] Carrasco, J.M., Franquelo, L.G., Bialasiewicz, J.T., Galvan, E., Guisado,
R.C.P., Prats, Ma.A.M., Leon, J.I., & Moreno-Alfonso,
[1] Saifuzzaman, M., Khan, A.H., Moon, N.N., Nur, F.N. (2017). “Smart N.(2006).“Power-Electronic Systems for the Grid Integration of
Security for an Organization based on IoT”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Sources: A Survey.” IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Computer Applications 165(10), 33-38. Electronics, 53(4), pp. 1002-1016.
[2] Giusto, D., Iera, A., Morabito, G., Atzori, L. (2010). “The Internet of [22] Costa, M.A.D., Costa, G.H., Santos, A.S., Schuch, L. & Pinheiro, J.R.
Things”, Springer, 2010. ISBN: 978-1-4419-1673-0. (2009). “A high efficiency autonomous street lighting system based on
[3] Zu, L.D., He, W., & Li, S. (2014),” Internet of Things in Industries: A solar energy and LED’s”, IEEE Xplore, Power Electronics Conference.
Survey” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 10(4).doi: COBEP '09. Brazilian.doi: 10.1109/COBEP.2009.5347688
10.1109/TII.2014.2300753 [23] Luque, A., Sala, G., Araujo, G.L. & Bruton, T. (2006). “Cost Reduction
[4] Cho, S. K. and Dhingra, V. (2008). “Street Lighting Control Based on Potential of Photovoltaic Concentration”. International Journal of Solar
Lon Works Power Line Communication,” IEEE In- ternational Energy, 17(4), p. 179 -198.
Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications, Jeju [24] Lee, C.K., Li, S. & Hui, S.Y. (2011). “A Design Methodology for
City, 2-4 April 2008, pp. 396- 398. Smart LED Lighting Systems Powered by Weakly Regulated Renewable
[5] International Telecommunication Union. (2005). Internet reports 2005: Power Grids”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grids, 2(3).
The internet of things. Geneva: ITU. [25] Ali, M., Orabi, M., Abdelkarim, E., Qahouq, J.A.A. and Aroudi, A.E.
[6] Hachem, S., Teixeira, T., & Issarny, V. (2011). Ontologies for the (2011). “Design and Development of Energy-Free Solar Street LED
internet of things (pp. 1–6). New York: ACM. Light System”, In Proceedings of the Middle East IEEE PES Conference
[7] Wan, J., Yan, H., Suo, H., & Li, F. (2011). “Advances in cyber-physical on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT Middle
systems research”, KSII Transactions on Internet and Information East).doi:10.1109/ISGT-MidEast.2011.6220812
Systems, 5(11), 1891–1908. [26] Georges. S. and Slaou, F.H. (2011). “Case study of hybrid wind solar
[8] Tsai, C., Lai, C., & Vasilakos, V. (2014). “Future internet of things: power systems for street lighting,” in 2011 21st International Conference
Open issues and challenges”. ACM/Springer Wireless Networks. on Systems Engineering ICSEng, pp. 82–85.
[9] Atzori, L., Iera, A., and Morabito, G. (2010). “The internet of things: A [27] 27. Vargas, C., Guamán, J., Nogales, R. & Ríos, A. (2017).
survey,” Computer Networks, 54 (15), 2787–2805.doi: “Photovoltaic Lighting System with Intelligent Control based on ZigBee
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2010.05.010 and Arduino”, International journal of renewable energy research, 7(1).
[10] Miorandi, D., Sicari, S., Pellegrini, F. D. & Chlamtac, I. (2012). [28] El-Faouri, F.S., Sharaiha, M., Bargouth, D. & Faza, A. (2016).“A smart
“Internet of things: Vision, applications and research challenges”, Ad street lighting system using solar energy” PES Innovative Smart Grid
Hoc Networks, 10(7), 1497-1516. Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe), IEEE.
[11] Gobbato, C., Kohler, S.V., deSouza, I.H., Denardin, G.W., and Lopes, [29] Mannering, F. L., and Washburn, S. S. (2012). “Principles of Highway
J.P. (2016). “Integrated topology of DC converter for street lighting Engineering and Traffic Analysis”, 5th edition. New York, NY, USA:
system based on LED modular drivers”, Industry Applications Wiley, pp. 135–151.
(INDUSCON), 12th IEEE International Conference. [30] Gerlough, D. L. and Schuhl, A. (1955) “Use of Poisson Distribution in
[12] SeokLee, Y., Choi, S. U. and Mohamed, S. A. S. (2015). “An energy Highway Traffic”. Saugatuck, CT, USA: Eno Foundation for Highway
efficient extremely low voltage dc-led lighting system,” IEEE 7th Traffic Control, 1955, pp. 3–35.
International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems (CIS) [31] Sharma, N., Arkatkar, S. S., and Sarkar A. K. (2011) “Study on
and IEEE Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics heterogeneous traffic flow characteristics of a two-lane road,” Transport,
(RAM), pp. 25–29. 26(2), pp. 185–196.
[13] Wang, S., Ruan, X., Yao, K., and Ye, Z. (2011). “A flicker-free [32] Carlos, A.M.B., Jose, R.M., Javier, V.P. & Jose, L.D.G. (2016). “Data
electrolytic capacitor-less ac-dc led driver,” IEEE Energy Conversion fusion for a street lighting monitoring system based on statistical
Congress and Exposition, pp. 2318–2325. inference and fuzzy logic” Instrumentation and Measurement
[14] Nayak, V.S.P., Krishna, A.V., & Rangari, A. (2016). “Development Of Technology Conference Proceedings (I2MTC), 2016 IEEE International,
street lighting system with vehicular sensing at low light intensity based Taipei, Taiwan. doi: 10.1109/I2MTC.2016.7520325
on ZigBee intelligence”, Recent Trends in Information Technology [33] Denardin, G.W., Barriquello, C.H., Campos, A., and Prado, R.N.d.
(ICRTIT), IEEE Xplore Conference. (2009). “An Intelligent System for Street Light Monitoring and
[15] Shahzad, G., Yang, H., Ahmad, A.W. & Lee, C. (2016). “Energy- Control”, In Proceedings of the Brazilian Power Electronics Conference,
Efficient Intelligent Street Lighting System Using Traffic-Adaptive Brazil. doi: 10.1109/COBEP.2009.5347642
Control”, IEEE Sensors Journal, 16 (13), 5397 – [34] Nur, F.N., & Moon, N.N. (2012). “Health care system based on Cloud
5405.doi:10.1109/JSEN.2016.2557345 Computing”, Asian Transactions on Computers, 2(5).
[16] Huynh, T. P., Tan, Y. K. and Tseng, K. J. (2011). “Energy-aware [35] Xion, L., & Wang, Z. (2011). “Internet of Things: A New Application
wireless sensor network with ambient intelligence for smart LED for Intelligent Traffic Monitoring System”, Journal of Networks 6(6),
lighting system control,” IECON 2011 - 37th Annual Conference on 887-894.
IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 2923–2928. [36] Kang, B., Park, S., Lee, T. & Park, S. (2015). “IoT-based monitoring
[17] Wang, J. (2013). “Zigbee light link and its applications,” IEEE Wireless system using tri-level context making model for smart home services”,
Commun., 20(4), pp. 6–7. Consumer Electronics (ICCE), IEEE International Conference on.
[18] Müllner, R. & Riener, A. (2011). “An energy efficient pedestrian aware [37] Kelly, S.D.T., Suryadevara, N.K., and Mukhopadhyay, S.C. (2013).
smart street lighting system,” Int. J. Pervasive Comput. Commun. , 7(2), “Towards the Implementation of IoT for Environmental Condition
pp. 147–161. Monitoring in Homes”, IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL, 13(10), 3846 –
[19] Silva, M. F., Fraytag, J., Schlittler, M. E., Marchesan, T. B., Costa, M. 3853. doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2013.2263379
A. D., Alonso, J. M., and Prado, R. N. (2013). “Analysis and design of a [38] Mohamed, S.A.E. (2013). “Smart Street Lighting Control and
single-stage high-power-factor dimmable electronic ballast for Monitoring System for Electrical Power Saving by Using VANET”,
electrodeless fluorescent lamp,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences
Electronics, 60(8), pp. 3081–3091. 06(08), 351-360 ·
[20] Morais, J. S., Morais, A. S., Lodo, R. A., Cust´odio, A. G., Vincenzi, F. [39] Jin, J., Gubbi, J., Marusic, S. & Palaniswami, M. (2014). “An
R. S., Vieira, J. B. and Freitas, L. C. G. (2010). “Dimming of fluorescent Information Framework for Creating a Smart City through Internet of
lamps by varying the duty cycle in electronic ballast with integrated Things”, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 1(2), 112 – 121.
boost converter to the half bridge inverter,” in Industry Applications
(INDUSCON), 2010 9th IEEE/IAS International Conference on, pp. 1–
5.

124