Name: Sinead Christianne B.

Rosco

Group Members:

John Brent Y. Bulilawa

Manuel F. Jayectin Jr.

Ellefal Kimjoan C. Lim

Romel Keith I. Lugo

Ma. Nathalia Zoe C. Rapiñan

Title of the Study:

Levels of Satisfaction in Using an Innovative Cabinet Design

1. Rationale - 2 - 3 pages

2. Theoretical Background (updated)

- Theory

- Legal Basis

- Review of Related Literature

- Review of Related Studies ( 15 studies)

3. Statement of the Problem

4. Statement of the Null hypothesis

5. Significance of the Study

6. Research Methodology

- Design

- Environment

- Respondents/Subjects

- Instrument
 - Procedure

- Statistical Treatment

7. Appendix

8. References/Bibliography

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

 INTRODUCTION

Rationale

In the present time, space has been a problem lately for the people

who are staying in a limited area. Population growth, urbanization, and economic

development are linked directly to urbanization (Friedberg and Hunt, 1995).

People like those who live in an apartment or staying at a boarding house have

difficulty managing space in their respective apartment or boarding house due to

some furniture that consumes too much space. Yi Xie (2016) also states that the

overcrowded living area creates economic and social issues. Limiting commodity

options limits the quality of household merchandise, which contributes to a spike

in costs.

Basing on those researches, we propose our innovative cabinet design as

a solution for the limitation of material choices. This innovative cabinet design

consists of combined things to be less space-consuming and efficiently used.

This cabinet saves up space because, in this thing, you can iron your clothes, put

it in the cabinet, and there's also a mirror on it. Our design is like a 3-in-1 model

of a cabinet, ironing board, and a mirror.

Space is the medium for the sustainability of occupants to accommodate

people in a house. The innovative cabinet design is useful for this situation. This

cabinet has different functions to save space, which is unique from other
researches. It emphasizes the importance of space and upgrades it for the users.

The innovative cabinet will ensure an embellished design that is durable, usable,

affordable, and less space-consuming. Thus, this Innovative Cabinet will provide

convenience and customer satisfaction.

The study aims to determine the respondents' satisfaction levels in terms

of the durability, usability, cost, and capacity to save space of an innovative

cabinet compared to an existing ordinary cabinet. It will help people realize that

having this type of appliance is wise and economical. It can meet people's need

for beauty and function, let the tenants and apartment owners obtain sympathy

and entertainment from the design.

Theoretical Background

According to Festinger (1957), in his theory entitled, "Dissonance

Theory," assumes that consumers make some cognitive comparison between

product expectations and perceived product performance. It also proposes that

human beings ought to have a motivational power or approach to lessen

dissonance by converting how they stay or rationalize them.

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Study
 This theory connects to our study because of the respondents' perception

of creating an innovative cabinet that will suffice someone's need by boosting the

product's performance. It is also connected to our study because we focus on

respondents' satisfaction with our innovative cabinet design.

This study's legal basis is the Republic Act No. 10557 or the "Philippine

Design Competitiveness Act of 2013." This act seeks to beautify Philippine

products' competitiveness and innovation to create a market-responsive layout

provider while advocating for financial and environmental sustainability. The

country shall also undertake to sell an economic system and society pushed via

layout and creativity attentive to our fast-converting instances and reflective of

the Filipino lifestyle and identity while simultaneously advocating the safety of

highbrow belongings rights to those thoughts and innovations. The Republic Act

No. 10557 or the "Philippine Design Competitiveness Act of 2013" is related to

our study because its goal is to enhance or promote innovation. It is also related

to our research because it means to help the intensity of the people structure

industry with the accompanying goals. It also helps in encouraging innovation

and creativity in the use of raw materials and natural resources. The researchers

used this legal basis to create a new design of a cabinet to have a new material

that is well stable and has a different function for the satisfaction of those who'll

use it.
Review of Related Literature

Innovation is complex, uncertain, particularly disorderly, and issues

adjustments of many sorts. Simultaneously, to meet fiscal, technical, and other

constraints, appropriate technical skills and excellent business judgment are

often challenging to quantify and require close collaboration. We must see the

innovation method as a sequence of improvements in the full hardware and

business environment structure, manufacturing facilities, expertise, and the

innovation organization (Kline et al. 2009). To fully manifest creativity and enjoy

its rewards, it is essential to understand that creativity is three different things: an

outcome, a mechanism, and a way of thinking (Kahn, 2018).

It is possible to describe furniture as a class of objects designed that

provide utilities such as sleep, care, service, and sanitation. In the present

scenario, the furniture has become a style substance in every home (Astonkar et

al., 2015). Furniture is one of man's most prized possessions (Eckleman, 2003).

Moreover, it is considered by most to be a necessity and not a luxury (Pandhi,

2017). It is a hybrid comprising a variety of furniture with uses and

measurements that have little in common.

The innovative cabinet is a newly remodeled version of an ordinary

cabinet. It is an instrument to solve the shortage of space. Its main idea is to

lessen the consumption of space in an area. This cabinet has numerous

attributes and modern features; it has an ironing board, mirror, clothesline,

shelves, and several drawers also built-in at the same time. It contains a

clothesline and a three-layered rack for those clothes that are not needed to

hang on its left side. On its right side, there is an ironing board. Also, the mirror's

location is behind the door on the right side of the cabinet.

Review of Related Studies

The study, "Improving the Deflection Characteristics of Shelves and

Side Walls in Panel-Based Cabinet Furniture" by Tankut, Nurgul et al. (2003),

found out that there are considerable improvements in shelf deflection

performance. It is possible to obtain from a material with a high modulus of

elasticity (MOE) instead of 5/8-inch-thick frames cut from low MOE material using

3⁄4 inch thick shelves. This study gives us an idea of improving our innovative

cabinet design. It also gave us an idea of what to put as a support in our cabinet

on their back edge to reduce front edge deflection. Lastly, this study is connected

to ours because we aim to improve our product's sturdiness by improving its

deflection characteristics.

The study "Foldabilizing Furniture" by Honghua Li et al. (2015) found out

that their foldabilization algorithm is quite efficient. They conducted their

experiments on synthetic furniture and 3D shapes obtained from existing

repositories or modeled from objects captured in online images or photographs.

They will reduce a piece of furniture's physical strength by adding new hinges

and thinning of furniture parts. This study gives us an idea that as we make our
product foldable, we must expect to sacrifice our furniture's strength. This study

is connected to ours because we aim to conserve space by making our cabinet

foldable. There are parts in our innovative cabinet that are foldable, so we can

apply what we've learned in this study to ours.

According to Natalia Ramirez Martinez's (2013) study entitled,

"Development of a Cabinet for Reduced Spaces," found out that all the designs

have common characteristics, such as the modules one and two previously

described, their distribution of spaces, and the use of sliding boards on them.

There are four modules in each design to differentiate the table; moreover, there

is free space above the table to put the working documents. This study relates to

our research because we aim to make our cabinet to conserve space as much as

possible. Their product's characteristics and purpose connect to ours, so that's

why their study relates to ours.

The study "Design and Study of Folding Cabinet Bed" by Ren-Ping Wang

et al. (2009) found that taking special needs of furniture of the crowd on the

purchase of small units designed a folding cabinet bed. They also found out an

analysis showed that the device has a rational structure, convenience

manufacturing, saving space, and beautifying the environment. This study gives

us an idea to make our product save more space. This study is related to ours

because we aim to create a spacious cabinet. And lastly, there are parts in our

innovative cabinet that have a rational structure to save more space and beautify

the small environment to apply what we learned in this study to ours.

 YUE Xiang's (2013) research entitled "Analysis of Space-saving Furniture

Design," found that space-saving furniture has become a new trend in furniture

design development in recent years. They also found out that it saves space by

using a folding, positive, negative patterns, and elastic materials to compress the

volume. This study relates to our research because we aim to save more space

in small areas such as apartments, Dorms, etc. And Lastly, their product's

purpose is closely related to ours because they also save space in remote areas

likely to ours.

The study "Multi-Functional Furniture Design in Small Living Space" by

Hyun Jeong Kim et al. (2011) intends to present a new direction of differentiated

and innovative furniture design for small living space. It also offers greater

adaptability to changing lives and spatial availability for small living spaces in

space division. And lastly, this research proposed furniture design features for

functional shifts in its functioning, structural, and systematic aspects. This study

is closely related to ours. Rather than saving more space, we also like to change

small people's lives and make it spacious and durable. Also, in this study, they

use flexible perceptions like ours.

According to Dhiraj V. Astonkar and Dr.Sanjay M. Kherde's (2015) study

entitled "Development in various multipurpose furniture's using a space-saving

approach," found out that transformable space-saving furniture is an innovative

product that has many opportunities for future development and a vast potential

market in metropolises. Small properties with more substantial space and

multiple functions are given by transformable space-saving furniture. Besides,

convertible space-saving furniture can be made more efficient and effective. This

research provides us with an insight into its relevance in making Innovative

Cabinet. This study provides an excellent opportunity for the development of

space-saving furniture.

According to Elnaz Farjami's (2014) study entitled, "The Role of

Contemporary Innovations on Flexible Residential Furniture with Smart and

Green Materials," stated that sustainability, being comfortable, having innovative

technologies in terms of furniture, especially in residential spaces, are essential

factors in interior architecture, for better future life and lifecycle. Elnaz Farjami's

study gives us an idea to concentrate on flexibility issues to benefit sustainability,

especially in residential furniture.

Farah Nasser's (2013) study entitled "Multifunctional Furniture for

Underprivileged Communities: A Breakthrough in Sustainable Development"

showed that the need and potential for multifunctional furniture design features

are needed to optimize the usage of space and enhance people's livelihoods in

underprivileged communities. The author designed a furniture piece with durable

and available materials to withstand any weather conditions. This study could

potentially help disadvantaged communities and was at the center of this

initiative to design multifunctional furniture pieces that resolve the need to make

more effective floor space use. This study gives us an idea of implementing

Innovative Cabinet, an item of space-saving furniture that could improve living

conditions, especially for those in an unprivileged community.

 The study, "Chinese Bench: A Research on Multifunction Furniture

Design" by Yi Xie. (2016), found out that the use of space and useful

customization for users is significant at the same time. It should always create

design and art based on humanity's needs, and problems should be solved to

provide a better living atmosphere. It will need more attention and development

for multifunction furniture and product design. Besides, the furniture's nature

includes contact between the object and the human being and saves the user's

room effectively. This study gives us the principle that furniture in limited space

can provide a more useful living mode that can satisfy the need for elegance and

function of people at the same time.

In the study "Collapsible Furniture for the Contemporary Work

Environment" by Yaki Taniguchi (2004), it was time to change office furniture to

help workers adapt workspace by designing user-friendly furniture for offices.

The collapsible chair and table might. When they first see it, they scare people,

but they will know how comfortable the furniture is afterward. The collapsible

furniture of the author is solid and sufficiently comfortable to use for temporary

settings. This study gives us the impression that furniture like this is beneficial for

anyone because anyone can quickly set it up. It is collapsible, compact,

lightweight, user-friendly, and won't take up that much storage space.

According to Yussof Z. Erdil's (2007) study entitled "Product Engineering

and Performance Testing about Strength Design of Furniture," the study found

that performance testing provides input before furniture goes into the action

furniture engineering phase. Consequently, it offers the last chance to improve

the quality and durability of the furniture. The study connects to our current

research because they aim to have a high quality and durable cabinet design.

According to Jerzy Smardzewski's (2009) study entitled "The Reliability of

Joints and Cabinet Furniture," the study found out that a greater presentation

area indicates a higher probability of joints damage. On the other hand, the

absence of penetration suggests that the examined joints are failure-free in the

given range of lands. The study is related to our research because our innovative

cabinet aims to have reliable joints to be more durable and failure-free.

According to Kenneth A. MacDonald and Edward J. MacDonald's (1976)

study entitled "Molded Foldable Cabinet," the study found out that a general

object of the present invention to provide improvement in foldable cabinets

fabricated primarily from molded compost. It helps to minimize space

consumption and reduce the danger of damaging the parts during shipment. The

cabinet they invented is more suitable for mass production operations. This

research is similar to our Innovative Cabinet because both are designed to have

durability and lessen space consumption in an area.

According to Carl A. Eckelman's (1988) study entitled "Performance

Testing of Furniture. Part II. A Multipurpose Universal Structural Performance

Test Method," the study found out that these systems must include a detailed

analysis of the furniture's essential performance characteristics. They should

have the expertise that must be integrated further into the design process of

product engineering. Systems must provide data to allow consumers to assess

furniture on a cost versus value basis. Finally, they offer a way of determining the

output standards needed to survive in a service setting for furniture; they must be

useful in short. This study is related to our research because our research aims

to provide a space-efficient innovative cabinet. It would also be helpful for

customers to measure the furniture on a cost versus performance basis.

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to create an innovative cabinet. Specifically, this study

seeks to answer these following questions:

1. What is the perceived level of satisfaction of the respondents in terms of

durability, usability, cost, and the capacity to save space of an innovative

cabinet?

2. What is the perceived level of satisfaction of the respondents in terms of

durability, usability, cost, and the capacity to save space of an ordinary cabinet?

3. Is there a significant difference between the level of satisfaction of the

respondents in terms of: durability, usability, cost and the capacity to save space

of an ordinary cabinet and the innovative cabinet?

Statement of the Null Hypothesis

There is no significant difference between the level of satisfaction of the

respondents of the innovative and ordinary cabinet in terms of: durability,

usability, cost and the capacity to save space.

Significance of the Study

The result of this study will be beneficial to the following:

Tenants. The result of this study will provide the tenant’s knowledge about a

space saving cabinet that will help them to conserve space in their room.

Boarding House Owners. It will give ideas and information to the boarding

house owner on how to utilized the available current space for other appliances.

Future Researchers. The result of this study will serve as baseline information

for future studies on cabinets that conserve space.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The researchers will use the true experimental research method

mainly because their main goal is to differentiate ordinary cabinets from the

researcher's product, the innovative cabinet in terms of its durability, usability,

cost, and capacity to save space. Moreover, it aims to determine the difference

between the consumers' satisfaction levels with the ordinary cabinet in the

market and their satisfaction levels with the researchers' innovative cabinet.

Research Environment

The researchers will conduct the study at Marion's Dormitory,

located at J.A. Clarin Street, Dampas District, Tagbilaran City. The said three-

story dormitory gives its tenants inexpensive rooms and complete facilities. The

first floor has four rooms, while the second and third floors have five rooms. Each

room has between 4 to 8 tenants. The dormitory is well cleaned and has an

approachable owner.

Research Respondents

The study participants would be the tenants of Marion's Dormitory.

There are approximately 50 tenants chosen at Marion's Dormitory regardless of

their age and gender. The researchers have chosen them as the respondents

because they found a crisis in space in their room. The researchers will use

simple random sampling to obtain information and to select the research subject.

The researchers will randomly choose tenants in Marion's Dormitory, despite

their age and gender, to collect information. The answers of the chosen tenants

will represent the thoughts of Marion's Dormitory.

Research Instruments

The researchers will use a researcher-formulated questionnaire

constructed in the form of a modified Likert scale type. The Likert scale

comprises several declarative statements that clarify the study's primary purpose:

satisfaction levels in using an innovative cabinet and an old/ordinary cabinet. In

this type of questionnaire, the researcher will avoid biases by limiting the

respondent's answers stated in the study's scope and limitation.

For content validation, our chosen adviser will check our questionnaire.

After checking the questionnaire, we will let our questionnaire be reviewed again

by our class adviser. Lastly, we will finalize our questionnaire to prepare it for

pilot testing.

To check the reliability of our questionnaire, we will use pilot testing. We

will choose 20 people with the same characteristics as our research respondents

who are tenants in pilot testing. Lastly, a statistician will check the results and

correct the corrections according to the statistician.

Research Procedure

1) The researchers will seek permission from the Holy Name University

Basic Education Department Principal through a letter.

2) The researchers will seek permission from Marion's Dormitory owner

through a letter as well.

 3) Upon the principal and owner of the boarding house's approval, the

researchers will conduct a survey and distribute the questionnaire to the

respondents, respectively.

4) The researchers will use a questionnaire to gather data from the

respondents.

5) The questionnaires' distribution will happen during weekends and during

their free time to avoid distractions.

6) After that, the researchers will give the guidelines and instructions clearly

to the respondents.

7) The respondents will have enough time for them to read, analyze, and

answer the questionnaires sincerely to get the best possible outcomes

needed for the study.

8) After answering, the researchers will retrieve the questionnaires from the

respondents and see the results.

9) Lastly, the researchers will measure the data gathered and analyzed

through the statistical procedure.

Statistical Treatment

To determine the respondent’s level of satisfaction in terms of durability,

usability, cost and capacity to save space of an innovative cabinet and an

existing ordinary cabinet, the weighted mean will be used:

Formula:

Where:

𝑊𝑀=¿ Weighted Mean

𝑓 =¿ Frequency

𝑥=¿Raw score

n=¿Total number of respondents

To determine the significant difference between the durability, usability,

cost and capacity to save space of an innovative cabinet and an existing ordinary

cabinet, T-test will be used.

Formula:

Where:
 = Sample mean of the differences

= Sample standard deviation of the differences

= Sample size
 APPENDICES

Appendix A

Questionnaires for Innovative and Ordinary Cabinet

NAME (optional):

A. Instruction: Rate your levels of satisfaction in using an innovative cabinet

by putting a check mark on the desire spaces.

Scale:

5 - Very Satisfied 4 – Satisfied 3 – Undecided

2 – Dissatisfied 1 – Very Dissatisfied

INNOVATIVE CABINET
B. Instruction: Rate your levels of satisfaction in using an ordinary cabinet by

putting a check mark on the desired spaces.

Scale:

5 - Very Satisfied 4 – Satisfied 3 – Undecided

2 – Dissatisfied 1 – Very Dissatisfied

ORDINARY CABINET
 Appendix B

6300 Tagbilaran City, Bohol

Tel. Nos. (038) 501-7731; 235-3934

Fax No. (038) 501-0125

Website: http://mis.hnu.edu.ph

DR. PRISCIANO S. LEGITIMAS

Principal

Basic Education Department

Holy Name University

Tagbilaran City

Dear Sir Legitimas,

Greetings!

A group of Grade 11 STEM students are presently conducting a study entitled,

“Levels of Satisfaction in Using an Innovative Cabinet Design.” This study is

necessary to comply with the requirements of the subject “Practical Research 2”

in the Senior High School Department of Holy Name University. The respondents

of our study are the tenants in Marion’s Dormitory, J.A. Clarin Street, Dampas

District, Tagbilaran City.

The purpose of this study would help them determine the difference of an

innovative cabinet which has its own features and the ordinary cabinet.

In view of this, we humbly ask your good office to allow us to conduct our study

to the tenants in Marion’s Dormitory, J.A. Clarin Street, Dampas District,

Tagbilaran City. Rest assured that the-gathering-of-data-will-leave-no-harm-to-

the-following-tenants.

Respectfully yours,

Bulilawa, John Brent Jayectin, Manuel Jr.

Senior High School STEM Student Senior High School STEM Student

Lim, Ellefal Kimjoan Lugo, Romel Keith

Senior High School STEM Student Senior High School STEM Student

Rapiñan, Ma. Nathalia Zoe

Senior High School STEM Student

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%202013%E2%80%9D.&text=%E2%80%93%20It%20is%20the%20declared

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Astonkar, Dhiraj et al. (2015). Development in Various Multipurpose Furniture’s

by Using Space-saving Approach. Retrieved from

https://www.irjet.net/archives/V2/i6/IRJET-V2I645.pdf

Eckleman, Carl (2013). Strength and Design of Furniture. Retrieved from

https://www.agriculture.purdue.edu/fnr/faculty/eckelman/pdf/pdm0scan.pdf
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https://tinyurl.com/u7vzhgn

Erdil, Yussof Z. et al. (2007). Product engineering and performance testing in

relation to strength design of furniture. Retrieved from

http://wfs.swst.org/index.php/wfs/article/view/1714

Farjami, Elnaz (2014). The Role of Contemporary Innovations on Flexible

Residential Furniture with Smart and Green Materials. Retrieved from: http://i-

rep.emu.edu.tr:8080/jspui/bitstream/11129/3232/1/FarjamiElnaz.pdf

Festinger, Leon (1957). Cognitive Dissonance Theory. Retrieved from

https://tinyurl.com/wdns8qc

Friedberg, Rachel M., and Jennifer Hunt (1995). The Impact of Immigrants on

Host Country Wages, Employment and Growth. Journal of Economic

Perspectives, 9 (2): 23-44. Retrieved from https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?

id=10.1257/jep.9.2.23

Kahn, Kenneth (2018). Understanding Innovation. Retrieved from

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.01.011

Kim, Hyun Jeong et al. (2011). Multi-Functional Furniture Design in Small Living

Space. Retrieved from http://www.dbpia.co.kr/Journal/articleDetail?

nodeId=NODE0166442 3
 Kline, Stephen et al. (2009). An Overview of Innovation. Retrieved from

https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814273596_0009

Li, Honghua et al. (2015). Foldabilizing Furniture. Retrieved from

https://www2.cs.sfu.ca/~haoz/pubs/li_sig15_fold.pdf

MacDonald, Kenneth et al. (1976). Molded foldable cabinet. Retrieved from

https://patents.google.com/patent/US3955864A/en

Martinez, Natalia Ramirez, et al. (2013). Development of a Cabinet for Reduced

Spaces. Retrieved from

https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:624278/FULLTEXT01.pdf

Nasser, Farah (2013). Multifunctional Furniture for Underprivileged Communities:

A Milestone in Sustainable Development. Retrieved from

https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&context=cgttheses

Pandhi, Nikhil (2017). Furniture A Necessity, Not A Luxury, Say Punjab Traders

A Month Into GST. Retrieved from https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/furniture-a-

necessity-not-a-luxury-say-punjab-traders-a-month-into-gst-1731008

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