LETTER

1.INFORMAL LETTER
(Mở bài)
Dear Name,
Many thanks for your recent letter. It’s was great to hear from you again. It’s ages since I have heard from
you. I’m sorry I haven’t been in touch for such a long time. I hope you and your family are well. I’m
delighted to know about + VẤN ĐỀ. Today, I’m writting this letter to you to + Vo(Mục đích).
(Thân bài)
Give information:
Asking advice:
Give advice: - S + should + Vo
- S + have to + Vo
- It is a great idea for you to + Vo
- Maybe you should +Vo
- It is helpful for you to + Vo
(Kết bài)
Anyway I must go and get on with my work.
I hope there things I mentioned above are helpful and beneficial for you.(give advice)
I can’t wait to hear from you.(give information)
I’m looking foward to hearing from you soon (ask infomation)
Should be written on a new line.
Love,
Name.

2.SEMI FORMAL + FORMAL

(Mở bài)
Recipient’s address Your address
Dear Sir or Madam, (Formal) / To worm it may concern Dear Mr/Mrs (Semi Formal)
I’m writting with regards to let you know about that S + V + O. Today, I’m writing this letter to + Vo.
(Thân bài)
Regarding...../concerning...../with regards to......
Đặt câu hỏi:
Cho lời khuyên:
- You may + Vo
- You could + Vo
- You could consider Ving as on of the solutions
- It is so helpful if you + Vo
(Kết bài)
I am looking foward to hearing your early reply. Please respond at your earliest convenience.
Have a good day!
Yours sincerely (SEMI)
Yours faithfully (FORMAL)
Họ Và Tên

THE OUTLINE OF FOR AND AGAINST ESSAY

*Các dạng:
- For and Against :Thuận lợi và bất lợi.
- Opinion essay : Quan điểm.
- Causes, Effects + Solutions :Nguyên nhân, hậu quả và giải pháp.

FOR AND AGAINST ESSAY

*Các từ nhận dạng:

For and against
Benefits and drawbacks
Advantages and disadvantages
Positive impact and negative impacts
Positive sides and negative sides
Positive points and negative points
Pros and cons.

* Outweigh (chênh lệch) adv>dis or adv<dis

* Without outweigh adv = dis
* Cái nào ít hơn viết trước, đi trước.
*Từ vựng:
Benefit :Lợi ích
Strength :điểm mạnh
Positive :tích cực
Plus point :điểm cộng
Upside :ưu điểm
Drawback :hạn chế
Weakness :điểm yếu
Negative :tiêu cực
Minus point :điểm trừ
Downside :nhược điểm

*Cấu trúc
Advantages
1. The main advantage of ....... is.........
2. Another reason is that it would benefit/ handicap ......
3. One/ Another additional advantage of ...... is......
4. What make ...... N/ Ving/ N.P ...... important is......
5. One/ Another point ...... is favor of ..... is......
Disadvantages
1. The main/ most/ revious disadvantage of ...... is.......
2. Another regative aspect of ...... would be ......
3. One/ another/ an additional disadvantage of ....... is.......

WITHOUT OUTWEIGH
(Mở bài)
Some people think ........ Thesis statement ...
+ This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of this trend.
+ This trend would create certain benefits but there will also have some drawbacks.

(Thân bài)
* One the one hand, there are several reasons why this trend is beneficial.
+ Firstly, one advantage of this trend is that S + V + O (1)
+ Secondly, a positive aspect of this trend is that S + V + O (2)
+ At the third point, another benefit of this trend is that S + V + O (3)
 * Although ……. Has many advantages, there still exicst some noteworthy disadvantages.
+ Firstly, one disadvantage of this trend is that S + V + O (1)
+ Secondly, a negative aspect of this trend is that S + V + O (2)
+ At the third point, another drawback of this trend is that S + V + O (3)

(Kết bài)
To sum up, thí trend could bring about certain benefits, but It’s negative consequences. Should
not be overlooked.

OUTWEIGH
ADV > DIS

(Mở bài)
Some people think that ….. Thesis statement. In my opinion, the benefits of this trend outweigh
this drawbacks.

(Thân bài)
One the one hand, this trend has several drawbacks.
+ Firstly, one disadvantage of this trend is that S + V + O (1)
+ Secondly, a negative aspect of this trend is that S + V + O (2)
One the other hand, I’m on of the opinion that the afore mentioned disadvantages are at the
expense of the greater benefits.
+ Firstly, one advantage of this trend is that S + V + O (1)
+ Secondly, a positive aspect of this trend is that S + V + O (2)
+ At the third point, another benefit of this trend is that S + V + O (3)

(Kết bài)
To sum up, while this trend may have some negative aspects. I belive that they are outweigh by
the more significantly positive aspects.
OPINION ESSAY

Nhận dạng :
To what extent do you agree or disagree ?
What is your opinion in this ?
To what extent is this a positive or negative development ?
Do you agree or disagree ?
Do you think …?
Đưa ví dụ:
For examples/ for instance / specifically / to be more specific/ …..
A particularly good example here is ….
As a matter of fact ….
Given the fact that …..

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
COMPLETELY AGREE

(Mở bài)
Nowadays, an increasing number of people consider believe Thesis statement. Personally, I
completely agree with this point of view.

(Thân bài)
On the one hand, it is clear that ….xu hướng ngược lại với xu hướng mình đồng ý.
+ Firstly, (reason 1).
+ At the second point, (reason 2).
On the other hand, much of the world is still in favor of the opinion that … xu hướng đồng ý.
+ First and foremost, the key retionale in favor of this view is that (reason 1).
+ At the second point, (reason 2).
+ Thirdly, it is sensible that (reason 3).

(Kết bài)
To sum up, I strongly agree with this trend due to several key point I have just mentioned. I do
belive that ….(quan điểm đồng tình).
COMPLETELY DISAGREE

(Mở bài)
Nowadays, an increasing number of people belive that thesis statement. While I accept that this
appears logical. I believe that this is a very narrow perspectus and I completely disagree with the
statement.
(Thân bài)
On the one hand, it is clear that ...xu hướng ngược lại với xu hướng mình không đồng ý.
+ Firstly, (reason 1).
+ At the second point, (reason 2).
On the other hand, much of the world is still in favor of the opinion that ….. xu hướng mình
không đồng ý.
+ First and foremost, the key rationale in favor of this view is that (reason 1).
+ At the second point, (reason 2).
+ Thirdly, it is sensible that (reason 3).

(Kết bài)
To sum up, I totally disagree with this trend because of several reasons mentioned above, I do not
believe that….quan điểm không đồng tình.

DISCURSIVE ESSAY
DISCUSS BOTH SIDES / VIEWS / THERE TWO.

(Mở bài)
Ever since the inception, ….TOPIC…. have been a polarizing topic. A school of thought holds
that … VIEW 1….. However, some other are onposed to this idea, claiming that …. VIEW 2 ….. is of
attermost significance. From my perspective, both qualities are of great significance in equal meansure,
and I will farther claborate in this essay.

(Thân bài)
Luận Điểm 1
One the one hand, a great deal of advocates are inclined towards the fact that .... VIEW 1.
+ First of all ……
+ Second of all …….
+ At the third view point….
Luận điểm 2
Despite the aforementioned setbacks, much of the world is still in favor of the idea that ……
VIEW 2…..
+ Firstly, it is understandable why some people put heavy emphasis on its this is that …
+ Secondly , the key rationale favor of this view is that ….
+ Vast but not least …..
Quan điểm cá nhân
Personally, from my limited knowledge, I reckon that ….

(Kết bài)
In conclusion, I believe both arguments have their merits. On balance, however, I fell that ….
Which is because ….

CAUSES AND EFFECTS AND SOLUTIONS ESSAY

(Mở bài)
Thesis statement … this trend … has been gaining traction (đang trở nên phổ biến).
As far as I am concerned,
+ This trend is driven by several reasons. (Causes)
+ I am going to prove that it has on both individuals and society. (Effects)
+ Some viable solutions can be implemented to address this problem. (Solutions)

(Thân bài)
CAUSES
It is possibly said that this issue may be caused by some primary factors.
+ One of the prominent reasons concerning this problem is that ……
+ Another factor leading to this situation is that …..
+ The main cause of this problem is that ……
EFFECTS
The effects of this have been and will continue to be very rerious.
+ The implication of this phenomenon is that ….
+ At the second effect, we should mention that …..
+ Morever, one of the adverse effect of is that ….
SOLUTIONS
In truth, some solutions ought to be administered to resolve there prospective issues.
+ It is crucial that …. Cụm danh từ ....should be highly suggested.
+ It is imperative that …. S + Should + Vo.
+ Ving….is also one of the selections of people to deal with this problem.

(Kết bài)
*Causes – Solutions
In conclusion, _this trend_ may stem from various underlying factors, and the proposed
solutions can be executed to reverse the trend.
*Causes – Effects
To sum up, it is evident that there are several causes and a variety of negative effects of this
problem.
*Effects – Solutions
In conclusion, there are indeed various dire repercussion regarding _this trend_ yet, they can be
solve once the aforementioned measures are administered imperatively.
 SPEAKING
PART 2
Repeat the situation …. There are three options, for this situation, there are (lựa chọn 1), (lựa
chọn 2), (lựa chọn 3). In my opinion, lựa chọn 1 is the best solution because of the following reasons.
Firstly , (tác dụng 1) indeed, (giải thích 1).
Secondly, (tác dụng 2) it is clear that (giải thích 2).
Finally, (tác dụng 3) in fact, (giải thích 3).
In contrast, i don’t think (lựa chọn 2) is the best because ......
Similarly , (lựa chọn 3) is not the most suitable because .......
To sum up, from the reasons discussed above, I believe (lựa chọn 1) is the best choice in this situation.
PART 3
R – A,B,C,D

MB : đọc lại câu topic such as A,B,C and D.

TB:
First, one R is A. Indeed , giải thích ....... 2
Second, another R is B. It is clear that ..... giải thích..... 2.
Next, the third R is C. In fact, giải thích .......2
Personally, the fourth R is D , giải thích ......1 hoặc 2.

KB: To sum up, there are several R that I have just mentioned above. They are A,B,C and D.