9 Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 1: Module 3
Quadratic Equation

Writer: Randolf Byron S. Viray

Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Need to Know
Hello Grade 9 learners! In this module, you will learn how to:

Characterize the roots of a quadratic equation using the discriminant.

M9AL-Ic-1

Describe the relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a quadratic
equation. M9AL-Ic-2

You can say that you have understood the lesson in this module if you
can already:
1. Use discriminant to describe the nature of the roots and determine
the solutions of the quadratic equations.
2. Characterize the roots of a quadratic equation using the
discriminant.
3. Find the sum and product of the roots using the solution set of a
quadratic equation.
4. Determine the quadratic equation by using its solution set.
5. Describe the relationship between the coefficient and the roots of a
quadratic equation.

What I Know

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. If the discriminant is equal to zero (0), which statement best describes its
roots?
A. No real roots C. Two rational roots
B. One rational root D. Two irrational roots
2. The nature of the roots of quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 10 = 0 is _______.
A. Equal C. Irrational
B. Imaginary D. Real
3. The nature of the roots depends on the value 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 and it is known as
the ______.
A. Completing the Square Method C. Square Root
B. Discriminant D. Quadratic Formula
1

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

4. escribe the discriminant and nature of the roots of 3𝑥 2 − 6x + 2 = 0.
A. The discriminant is greater than 0 and is a perfect square, the two roots
are real and rational.
B. The discriminant is greater than 0 and is not a perfect square, the roots
are real and irrational.
C. The discriminant is less than 0, the roots are non-real.
D. The discriminant is equal to 0, the roots are equal and real.
5. If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0, and perfect square, then the roots of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 are
___.
A. Irrational and Unequal C. Rational and Equal
B. Imaginary and Unequal D. Rational and Unequal
6. The sum of the roots of quadratic equation x2 - 8x + 15 = 0 is 8. What is the
product of the roots?
A. 15 B. -15 C. 2 D. -2
7. What is the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0?
𝑏 𝑏 𝑐 𝑏
A. B. C. 𝑎 D. − 𝑎
𝑎 𝑐
8. If S = sum of the roots and P = product of the roots, then the quadratic
equation is ______.
A. 𝑥 2 + 𝑆𝑥 + 𝑃 = 0 C. 𝑥 2 − 𝑆𝑥 + 𝑃 = 0
B. 𝑥 2 + 𝑆𝑥 − 𝑃 = 0 D. 𝑥 2 − 𝑆𝑥 − 𝑃 = 0
1
9. Find the quadratic equation whose sum and product of its roots are - 2 and
2
, respectively.
3
A. 6𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 4 = 0 C. −6𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4 = 0
B. 6𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 4 = 0 D. −6𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 4 = 0
7
10. What is the quadratic equation if the sum and product of the roots are − 2
5
and 2 respectively?
A. 2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 5 = 0 C. 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 5 = 0
B. 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 5 = 0 D. 2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 5 = 0

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 LESSON 1: NATURE OF THE ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION.

What’s In

Use the numbers inside the box to answer the questions below:

Questions:
1. Are you familiar with these numbers? Describe each number.
2. Which among these numbers are real? Which are not?
3. Which of the numbers are rational? Irrational? Explain your answer.
4. Which among the numbers are perfect squares? Not perfect squares?
5. How do you describe perfect square numbers?

What’s New
Write the following quadratic equations in standard form, 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0.
Identify the values of a, b, and c, then answer the questions that follow.
Given Standard Form a b c
1. 𝑦 2 + 5𝑦 = 4
2. −4𝑚2 = 8𝑚 − 3
3. 10𝑥 = 4𝑥 2 + 1
4. 15 − 3𝑥 2 = 0 − 8𝑥
5. 3ℎ (ℎ − 14) = 12
Questions:
1. How did you rewrite the given quadratic equations in the standard
form? Explain.
2. Is there any other way to rewrite each quadratic equation in its
standard form? If YES, give example.

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What is It
−𝑏 ±√𝑏 2−4𝑎𝑐
In the quadratic formula = , 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 is called the
2𝑎
discriminant. The value of the discriminant can be used to describe the nature
of the roots of a quadratic equation.

● If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0, then the equation has two distinct real roots.
a. if b² - 4ac is a perfect square, then it has two roots that are
real, rational and unequal.
b. if b² - 4ac is not a perfect square, then it has two roots are
real, irrational and unequal.

● If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0 the equation has only one real root.

● If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0, the equation has no real roots. The roots are two
non-real or imaginary and unequal.

Use the discriminant to determine the nature of the roots of the quadratic
equation

Example 1: 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 8 = 0
Solution:
Determine the values of a, b, and c.
𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 8 = 0 → a = 1, b = - 6, c = 8
Substitute the values of a, b, and c in the discriminant formula.
𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (−6)2 − 4(1)(8)
= 36 – 32
=4
Since the discriminant is 4 and it is positive and perfect square
number, then there are two roots that are real, rational and unequal.

Example 2: 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 7 = 0
Solution:
Determine the values of a, b, and c.
𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 7 = 0 → a = 1, b = - 6, c = 7
Substitute the values of a, b, and c in the discriminant formula.
𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (−6)2 − 4(1)(7)
= 36 – 28
=8
4

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Since the discriminant is 8 and it is positive and not a perfect square,
then there are two roots that are real irrational and unequal.

Example 3: 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 0
Solution:
Determine the values of a, b, and c.
𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 0 → a = 1, b = - 6, c = 9
Substitute the values of a, b, and c in the discriminant formula.
𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (−6)2 − 4(1)(9)
= 36 – 36
=0
The discriminant is zero, the root is only one real root.

Example 4: 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 10 = 0
Solution:
Determine the values of a, b, and c.
𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 10 = 0 → a = 1, b = - 6, c = 10
Substitute the values of a, b, and c in the discriminant formula.
𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (−6)2 − 4(1)(10)
= 36 – 40
= -4
Since the discriminant is -4 and it is a negative number, then the
equation has no real roots. The roots are two non-real or imaginary
and unequal.

Example 5: Answer the given word problem

Supposed that Rodolfo has a vacant lot in his backyard. He wants to make
as many rectangular plots as possible such that the length of each plot is 2
meters longer than its width, in which the area of the plot is (𝑥 )(𝑥 + 2) = 10
𝑚2 .

A. Express the area of the rectangular plot in standard form.

B. Find the values of a, b, and c
C. What is the value of the discriminant?
D. Describe the nature of roots of the given quadratic equation.
Solutions:
1. Standard form of the rectangular plot (𝑥 )(𝑥 + 2) = 10 is:
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 10 = 0

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 2. Values of a, b, and c of 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 10 = 0 are:
a=1 b=2 c = -10
3. Value of the discriminant
𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (2)2 − 4(1)(−10)
= 4 + 40
= 44
4. The discriminant is 44 and it is positive and not perfect square, thus the
nature of the roots are two real, irrational and unequal numbers.

What’s More
Find the value of the discriminant and determine the nature of the roots of the
following quadratic equations.
1. x² + 4x – 21 = 0 Discriminant: ______ Nature of Roots: __________

2. 9x² - 6x + 1 = 0 Discriminant: ______ Nature of Roots: __________

3. 18x² + 8x + 5 = 0 Discriminant: ______ Nature of Roots: __________
4. x² - 16x + 57 = 0 Discriminant: ______ Nature of Roots: __________

5. 4x² - 4x – 19 = 0 Discriminant: ______ Nature of Roots: _________

What I Have Learned

Fill each blank with the correct answer.

The expression b² - 4ac is called the ________. The value of the ______
can be used to describe the nature of the roots of a _________.

If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0, then the equation has ___ distinct real roots in which if
the discriminant is a perfect square, then it has two _______, rational and
_________ numbers. Otherwise, if the discriminant is not a perfect square, then
it has two real ________ and _________.

If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0, the equation has ___ real root. If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0, then the
equation has ____ real roots. The solutions are two non-real or ________ and
unequal numbers.

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Can Do

Make a simple scrapbook using bond paper and colored paper that contains all
the things you have learned in this lesson. This includes the following:
1. A Journal on the process of determining the nature of the roots of
Quadratic Equation that is based on your own understanding.
2. At least 5 own examples of quadratic equations, then determine the
nature of roots of quadratic equations.
3. Aling Nena wants to make a table whereas the length has to be one (1)
meter longer than its width, such that the area of the table is
(𝑥 )(𝑥 + 1) = 6 𝑚2 .
a. Express the area of the rectangular plot in standard form.
b. Find the values of a, b, and c
c. What is the value of the discriminant?
d. Describe the nature of roots of the given quadratic equation.
Scoring Rubrics
Beginning Developing Accomplished Exemplary
Criteria Score
1 2 3 4
The scrap The scrap
The scrap book
book was The scrap book book was
is generally
Neatness poorly created was sloppy and done very
neat and
and difficult to difficult to read neat and
readable
read easy to read
The data are
Majority of the
inaccurately Data
data are All data are
represented representation
Accuracy incorrect and accurately
contain major contains minor
somehow represented
errors, or are errors
irrelevant
missing
A little Some creativity. Good Creativity Well thought
Creativity creativity and Not enough and mostly out and very
some planning planning thought out creative.
The scrap The scrap book The scrap
book was was submitted The scrap book book was
Time
submitted late late 1-2 days was submitted submitted
Management
3-5 days after after the on time ahead of
the deadline deadline time.

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Questions:
1. Write down your personal insights and observations in doing this
performance task.
2. Describe your personal realizations on how this task helps you see the
real-world application of the topic: Nature of the roots of Quadratic
Equations.

Assessment
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The nature of the roots of quadratic equation 2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 10 = 0 is

_______.
A. Equal C. Irrational
B. Imaginary D. Real
2. If the discriminant is greater than zero (0) and a perfect square, which
statement best describes its roots?
A. No real roots C. Two rational roots
B. One rational root D. Two irrational roots
3. Describe the discriminant and nature of the roots of 𝑥 2 − 4x + 4 = 0.
A. The discriminant is greater than 0 and is a perfect square, the two roots
are real and rational.
B. The discriminant is greater than 0 and is not a perfect square, the roots
are real and irrational.
C. The discriminant is less than 0, the roots are non-real.
D. The discriminant is equal to 0, the roots are equal and real.
4. The nature of the roots depends on the value 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 and it is known as
the ______.
A. Completing the Square Method C. Square Root
B. Discriminant D. Quadratic Formula
2
5. Find p so that px + 8x + 16 = 0 has one real root.
A. 1 C. 4
B. 2 D. 8

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Additional Activities
Complete the table below by finding the discriminant and nature of the roots of
each given quadratic equation.
NATURE AND
EQUATION a bDISCRIMINANT
c NUMBER OF
ROOTS
1. 𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 + 14 = 0
2. 3𝑚2 + 7𝑚 = 2
3. 𝑥(𝑥 + 7) = −10
4. 6𝑞2 + 13𝑞 = −6
5. 𝑥(𝑥 + 3) + 𝑥(𝑥 + 7) = 0

LESSON 2: SUM AND PRODUCT OF ROOTS OF

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

What’s In

Perform the indicated operations and answer the questions below.

1. 27+ 5 = 6. (28) (9) =

2. -19+14 = 7. (14) (-8) =

3. -36 + (-27) = 8. (-16) (-11) =

−2 4 −2 11
4. ( 5 ) + (5) = 9. ( 9 ) ( 5 ) =

−2 −7 −10 5
5. ( 3 ) + ( 8 )= 10. ( ) ( 9) =
4

Questions:
A. How did you answer the given mathematical expressions?
B. What mathematical concepts and ideas did you apply with these given
operations?
9

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What’s New

𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 − 36 = 0 2𝑥 2 − 23𝑥 + 45 = 0

1. In how many ways can you solve the roots of the quadratic equations?
2. Show the different ways in finding the roots of the quadratic equations.
3. Complete the table
Product of
Quadratic Equation Roots Sum of Roots
Roots
2
𝑥 + 9𝑥 − 36 = 0

2𝑥 2 − 23𝑥 − 45 = 0

What is it
The sum of the roots of a quadratic equation is equal to the negation
of the coefficient of the second term, divided by the leading coefficient.
𝑏
(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 = −
𝑎

The product of the roots of a quadratic equation is equal to the constant

term (the third term), divided by the leading coefficient.
𝑐
(𝑟1 ∗ 𝑟2 ) =
𝑎

Note that the sum and product of the solutions of quadratic equations are
related to the coefficients a, b, and c.

10

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

The relation that exists between the roots of the quadratic equation that can be
used in checking the validity of the roots can be of best use in deriving the
quadratic equation.

Derivation of Formula

A. Sum of the Roots

−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
Start with Quadratic Formula. → 𝑥= 2𝑎
−𝑏+√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐 −𝑏−√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
Represent the sum of roots. → 𝑟1 + 𝑟2 = +
2𝑎 2𝑎

Simplify. −𝑏+√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐−𝑏−√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐

→ = 2𝑎

= −2𝑏 𝑏
= = −𝑎
→ 2𝑎

𝑏
(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) = −
𝑎
B. Product of the Roots
−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
Start with Quadratic Formula → 𝑥= 2𝑎
−𝑏+√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐 −𝑏−√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
Represent the product of roots → (𝑟1 ∗ 𝑟2 ) = ( )∗( )
2𝑎 2𝑎

𝑏2 +𝑏√𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐−𝑏√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐−(𝑏2−4𝑎𝑐)

Simplify. → = 4𝑎2

𝑏 2 −𝑏2 +4𝑎𝑐 4𝑎𝑐 𝑐

→ = = =
4𝑎2 4𝑎2 𝑎

𝑐
(𝑟1 ∗ 𝑟2 ) =
𝑎

Example1: Find the sum and product of the roots of x² + 8x + 5 = 0

Solutions:
Determine the values of a, b, and c
x² + 8x + 5 = 0 → a= 1 b = 8 c = 5
Substitute the values of a, b, c in the formula:
𝑏 8 𝑐 5
r₁ + r₂ = - = - = - 8 r₁ r₂ = = = 5
𝑎 1 𝑎 1
Sum = - 8 Product = 5

11

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Example 2: What are the sum and product of the roots of 3x² - 12x + 4 = 0?

Solutions:
Determine the values of a, b, and c
3x² - 12x + 4 = 0 → a= 3 b = -12 c=4

Substitute the values of a, b, c in the formula:

𝑏 (−12) 12 𝑐 4
r₁ + r₂ = - 𝑎 = - = =4 r₁ r₂ = 𝑎 = 3
3 3

4
Sum = 4 Product =
3
Example 3: Solve the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 28 = 0 and determine
the sum and product of its roots.
Solution:
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring:
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 28 = 0
(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
x+7=0 x–4=0
x=-7 x=4
SOLUTION SET: ｛-7, 4｝
So, 𝑟1 = −7 and 𝑟2 = 4
Sum and product
−𝑏 −3 𝑐 −28
r₁ + r₂ = = = −3 and r₁ r₂ = = = −28
𝑎 1 𝑎 1

Sum = - 3 Product = - 28
1
Example 4: Find a quadratic equation in which the sum of the solutions is -
2
2
and the product of solution is .
3

Solution:
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 Start with the standard form of Quadratic Equation.
𝑏 𝑐
x² + 𝑎 x + 𝑎 = 0 Divide all terms by leading coefficient (a).
𝑏 𝑐
x² - (- 𝑎 )x + 𝑎 = 0 Represent the linear term by the sum of roots formula.
1 2
x² - (- 2)x + 3 = 0 Substitute the given.
1 2
x² + 2x + 3 = 0 Simplify.
1 2
6(x² + 2x+ 3 = 0) Multiply both sides by the LCD = 6.
6x² + 3x + 4 = 0 The resulting equation in standard form

12

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

A. Complete the table by determining the sum and product of the roots of
quadratic equations.

Quadratic Equation Sum of the roots Product of the roots

1. x² - x + 1 = 0
2. x² + x – 1 = 0

B. Find the quadratic equations using the sum and the product of roots.
1. Sum = - 2; product = 5 Quadratic Equation: _______________

2. Sum = 3; product = - 8 Quadratic Equation: _______________

1 1
3. Sum = - 3; product = - 3 Quadratic Equation: _______________

What I Have Learned

Fill each blank with the correct word/s from the word bank.

Constant Substitute Leading Coefficient

Multiply Second/Linear LCD
Divide Leading Product
Standard Sum Roots

The _______ of the roots of a quadratic equation is equal to the negation

of the coefficient of the ________ term, divided by the ____________.

The ______ of the roots of a quadratic equation is equal to the _______

term (the third term), divided by the _______ coefficient. It is noted that the
sum and product of the solutions of quadratic equations are related to the
coefficients a, b, and c.

To find the quadratic equation given the sum and product of its roots,
start with the ________ form of Quadratic Equation. Next, _______ all terms
by Leading Coefficient or (a). Represent the linear term by the sum of ______
formula. _________ the given. Simplify. Multiply both sides by the _____, and
lastly, simplify to get the resulting quadratic equation.

13

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Can Do

Make a simple scrapbook using bond paper and colored paper that contains all
the things you have learned in this lesson. This include the following:

1. A Journal on how to determine a quadratic equation given the roots, and

the sum and products of roots.
2. Give at least 3 examples of finding the quadratic equations given the
roots, or given the sum and product of the roots.
3. Think and reflect on this question:
Is 7𝑥 + 3 = 0 equal to 7 (𝑥 + 3) 2 = 0 ?
Will the two equations yield the same sum and product of the
roots? Explain why? Explain why not?
Scoring Rubrics
Beginning Developing Accomplished Exemplary
Criteria Score
1 2 3 4
The scrap
The scrap The scrap
book was
book was The scrap book book was
poorly
Neatness sloppy and is generally neat done very
created
difficult to and readable neat and
and difficult
read easy to read
to read
Majority of
The data are
the data
inaccurately Data
are All data are
represented representation
Accuracy incorrect accurately
contain major contains minor
and represented
errors, or are errors
somehow
missing
irrelevant
A little Some
Good Creativity Well thought
creativity creativity. Not
Creativity and mostly out and very
and some enough
thought out creative.
planning planning
The scrap
book was The scrap The scrap
submitted book was The scrap book book was
Time
late 3-5 submitted late was submitted submitted
Management
days after 1-2 days after on time ahead of
the the deadline time.
deadline
Questions:
A. Write down your personal insights and observations in doing this
performance task.

14

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 B. Describe your personal realizations on how this task helps you see the
real-world application of the topic, Sum and Products of Roots of
Quadratic Equation.

Assessment
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Given the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 𝑐 = 0 whose sum and product of the roots

are 6 and – 9 respectively, what are the values of a and c?
1 9 1 9
A. a = 2, c = 2 C. a = − 2, c = − 2
1 9 1 9
B. a = − 2, c = 2 D. a = 2, c = − 2
1
2. Find the quadratic equation whose sum and product of its roots are - 2 and
2
, respectively.
3
A. 6𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 4 = 0 C. −6𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4 = 0
B. 6𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 4 = 0 D. −6𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 4 = 0
3. The sum of the roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 0 is _____.
A. 4 B. - 4 C. 16 D. - 16
7
4. What is the quadratic equation if the sum and product of the roots are − 2
5
and 2 respectively?
A. 2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 5 = 0 C. 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 5 = 0
B. 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 5 = 0 D. 2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 5 = 0
5. What are the sum and product of the roots of 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 27 = 0 ?
A. Sum = 27, Product = 12 C. Sum = - 12, Product = 27
B. Sum = - 27, Product = - 12 D. Sum = 12, Product = 27

Additional Activities
Complete the table with the appropriate data.
Sum of the Roots Product of the Roots Quadratic Equation
4 3
4 x² +4x + 4 = 0
1
2 2
5 x² - 5x + 6 = 0
0 -6

15

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 SUMMATIVE TEST
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0 and perfect square, then the roots of a𝑥 2 - bx + c =0 are
real and rational.
A. Always True C. Never True
B. Sometimes True D. Maybe True
2 2
2. If 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0, then the roots of a𝑥 - bx + c =0 are real and irrational.
A. Always True C. Never True
B. Sometimes True D. Maybe True
2 2
3. If 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0 , then the roots of a𝑥 - bx + c =0 are real and irrational.
A. Always True C. Never True
B. Sometimes True D. Maybe True
2
4. Find p so that px + 12x + 36 = 0 has one real root.
A. p = 1 C. p = 4
B. p = 2 D. p = 8
5. Describe the discriminant and nature of the roots of 2𝑥 2 +5x + 3 = 2.
A. The discriminant is less than 0, the roots are non-real.
B. The discriminant is equal to 0, the roots are equal and real.
C. The discriminant is greater than 0 and is a perfect square, the two
roots are real and rational.
D. The discriminant is greater than 0 and is not a perfect square, the
roots are real and irrational.

For item no. 6 – 8, determine the value of the discriminant of each quadratic
equation given below.
6. x² - 5x + 6 = 0
A. 1 C. 25
B. 16 D. 36

7. 2x² + 5x + 1= 0
A. 14 C. 16
B. 15 D. 17

8. x² - 5x + 8 = 0
A. 44 C. 49
B. -7 D. 7

16

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

For item no. 9 - 10, determine the characteristics of the roots of the following
quadratic equations given below.

9. 9x² - 6x + 1 = 0
A. No Real Roots C. Two Real Roots & Rational
B. One Real Root D. Two Real Roots & Irrational

10. 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 0
A. No Real Roots C. Two Real Roots & Rational
B. One Real Root D. Two Real Roots & Irrational

11. The product of the roots of a quadratic equation is equal to the constant
term, divided by the leading coefficient.
A. Always True C. Never True
B. Sometimes True D. Often True

12. The product of the roots of a quadratic equation is equal to the negation
of the coefficient of the second term, divided by the leading coefficient.
A. Always True C. Never True
B. Sometimes True D. Often True

13. The sum of the roots of the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 is ____.

𝑏 𝑏 𝑐 𝑏
A. B. C. D. −
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑎

14. The product of the roots of the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0.

𝑏 𝑏 𝑐 𝑐
A. B. 𝑎 C. 𝑎 D. − 𝑎
𝑐

15. Which equation has roots whose sum is -17 and whose product is 60?
A. 𝑥 2 + 17𝑥 + 60 = 0 C. 𝑥 2 − 60𝑥 + 17 = 0
B. 𝑥 2 + 17𝑥 − 60 = 0 D. 𝑥 2 + 60𝑥 − 17 = 0

16. What is the initial step in finding the quadratic equation if the sum and
product of the roots are given?
A. Represent the linear term by the sum of roots formula
B. Substitute
C. Start with the standard form of Quadratic Equation
D. Divide all terms by leading coefficient
17. If (x + a) (x + b) = 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 18, then what are the values for a and b?
A. a = 3, b = 6 C. a = 6, b = 3
B. a = - 3, b = 6 D. a = - 3, b = - 6
17

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 18. Find the quadratic equation in which the sum of the solutions is - 4 and
the product of solution is - 5
A. 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 10 = 0 C. −2𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 10 = 0
B. −2𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 10 = 0 D. 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10 = 0

19. Solve for the sum and product of the roots of the quadratic equation
3x2 -7x + 6 = 6.
7 7
A. Sum= 0, Product = C. Sum = - , Product = 2
3 3
7 7
B. Sum = , Product = 0 D. Sum = 2, Product = - 3
3

20. If the sum of roots of the equation (x+8) (x + 5) = 0 is equal to - 13,

then find the value of its product.
A. 40 B. - 40 C. 13 D. – 13

References

Bryant, Merden L., Bulalayao, Leonides E., Callanta, Melvin M., Cruz,
Jerry D., De Vera, Richard F. Garcia, Gilda T., Javier, Sonia E, Lazaro,
Roselle A., Mesterio, Berndette J., & Saladino, Rommel Hero A.
(2014). Mathematics 9 Learner’s Material. Department of Education,
Republic of the Philippines, Vibal Group Publishing Inc. Pasig City

Chua, Simon L., Aguilar, Isidro C., Sy Tan, Josephine L., Degolacion,
Roberto J., & Ubarro, Arvie D., (2014).Soaring 21st Century
Mathematics Grade 9. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. Quezon City

Firmalino, Sandra Bernadette F., De Garcia, May Maricel B., &

Jimenez, Elizabeth P. (2017). Sibs Publishing House Inc. Quezon City

Oronce, Orlando A., & Mendoza, Marilyn O., (2019). RBS Mathematics
Series E – Math: Worktext in Mathematics. Rex Printing Company, Inc.
Quezon City

18

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Development Team of the Module
Writer: Randolf Byron S. Viray (PHS)
Editors: Freddie D. Viernes (Public Schools District Supervisor)
Olive R. Lomibao, Head Teacher III - Sta. Elena High School
Edith B. Cajilig, Head Teacher III - Marikina High School
Alden O. Madragalejo, Teacher I - Sto. Niño National High School
Lilibeth C. Pulido, Teacher I – Marikina Science High School
Michelle M. Villanueva, Teacher I - Marikina Science High School
Elizalde A. Sarmiento, Teacher III – San Roque National High School
Vina J. Asuncion, Teacher III – Parang High School
Mary Jane A. Se – Malanday National High School

Internal Reviewer: Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)

Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE