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CVT Unit 1

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63 views79 pages

CVT Unit 1

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Baba Fakruddin
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R20 Regulations JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY ANANTAPUR {Established by Govt. of A.P., ACT No.30 of 2008) ANANTHAPURAMU ~ 515 002 (A.P) INDIA Electronics & Communication Engineering Course Code ‘Complex variables and Transforms LT] TPC 20A54302, (Common to ECE & EEE) 3}0lofs Pre-requisite Functions, Differentiations and Semester i Integration Course Objectives: “This course aims at providing the student to acquire the knowledge on the calculus of funetions of complex variables. The student develops the idea of using continuous/diserete transforms. ‘Course Outcomes (CO): Student will beable to Understand the analytcity of eomplex functions and conformal mappings. + Apply cauchy's integral formula and cauchy’s integral theorem to evaluate improper integrals along contours. + Understand the usage of laplace transforms, fourier transforms and z transforms. + Evaluate the fourier series expansion of periodic functions Understand the use of fourier transfonms and apply z transforms to solve difference equations UNIT=1 [ Complex Variable — Different [sis Tntroductin to Fancttons of complex vaiable-concept of Lint & continuity~ Differentiation, Cauchy- Riemann equations, analytic functions (exponential, trigonometric, logarithm), harmonic functions, finding harmonic conjugate-construction of analytic function by Milne Thomson method-Confortal rappings-standard and special transformations (sn ze", cos z, 2?) Mobius transformations (linea) and their properties. oNT-I [Complex Variable — integration: [Hs Tine iategral-Contour integration, Cauchy"s integral theorem, Cauchy Integral formula, Liowlle's theorem {without proof) and Maximum-Miodulus theorem (without proof);power series expansions Taylor's series, zvos of analytic functions, singularities, Laurens series; Residues, Cauchy Residue thenem (without proof), Evaluation of definite intcgral involving sine and cosine, Evaluation of Certain improper integrals (around unit circle, semi circle with f) not having poles on real axis). UNIT it [Laplace Transforms [pts Definivon-Laplace transform of standard Tunctons-existence of Laplace Transfonm — Inverse teansform ~ First shifting Theorem, Transforms of derivatives and integrals - Unit step function — Second shifing theorem ~ Dirac’s delta function - Convolution theorem ~ Laplace transform of Penodic function, Differentiation and integration of transform ~ solving Initial value problems to ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients using Laplace transforms. [8rirs 3 forthe existence of Fourier series functions — Fourier series in an typical wave forms ~ Parseval’s UNIT -1V, [Fourier series Determination of Fourier coefficients (Euler's) - Dirichlet conditions = functions having discontinuity-Fourier series of Even and odd arbitrary interval ~ Half-range Fourier sine and cosine expansions formula- Complex form of Fourier series. UNIT-V "[ Fourier transforms & Z Transforms: [9 Hrs Fourier integral theorem (without proof) ~ Fourier sine and cosine integrals-complex form of Fourier integral. Fourier transform ~ Fourier sine and cosine transforms ~ Properties ~ Inverse transforms ~ convolution theorem . Transform ~ Inverse z-transform ~ Properties - Damping rule ~ Shifting rule — Initial and final value theorems, Convolution theorem ~ Solution of difference equations by z-transforms. Qy pein 9 Gi Lear FP R20 Regulations JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY ANANTAPUR {Established by Govt. of A.P., ACT No.20 of 2008) ANANTHAPURAMU ~ 515 002 (A.P) INDIA Electronics & Communication Engineering Course Code ‘Complex variables and Transforms L[T[PIc 20AS4502, (Common to ECE & EEE) 30} ols Pre-requisite Functions, Differentiations and ‘Semester it Integration. ‘Course Objectivest “This gourse aims at providing the student fo acquire the Krowledge on the eafeulus of functions of complex variables, The student develops the idea of using continuous/diserete transforms. Course Outcomes (CO): Student wil beable 0 © Understand the analyticity of complex funetions and conformal mappings Apply cauchy’s integral formulz and cauchy's integral theorem to evaluate improper integrals along contours. «Understand the usage of laplace transforms, fourier transforms and z transforms. ‘+ Evaluate the fourier series expansion of periodic functions. 2 Understand the use of fourier transforms and apply z transforms to solv equations. UNT-1 [ Complex Variable — Differentiation [sits Thuroduction fo Functions of complex variable-concept of Limit & continuity. Differentiation, Cauchy. Riemann equations, analytic functions (exponential, trigonometric, logarithm), harmonic functions, finding harmonic conjugate-constructon of analytic function by Milne Thomson method-Conformal mappings standard and special transformations (sin 2, e, cos z, 2°) Mobius transformations (bilinear) and their properties, fe difference UNIT Complex Variable integration: iis Line fategral-Contour integration, Cauchy’s integral theorem, Cauchy Titegral formula, iowville's theorem (without proof) and Maxiimum-Modulus theorem (without proof);power series expansions: ‘Taylor's series, zeros of aualytic functions, singularities, Laurent's series; Residues, Cauchy Residue theorem (without proof), Evalvation of definite integral involving sine and cosine, Evaluation of certain improper integrals (around unit circle, semi circle with f(z) not having poles on real axis), UNIT Taplace Transforms This Definition-Laplace transform of standard funclions-existence of Laplace Transform — Taverse transform ~ Fist shifting Theorem, Transforms of derivatives and integrals ~ Unit step funci Second shifting theorem - Dirac’s delta function ~ Convolution theorem ~ Laplace transfor Periodic function. Differentiation and integration of transform ~ solving Initial value problems 10 ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients using Laplace transforms. UNIT -1V" [Fourier series [8 His ‘Determination of Fourier coefficients (Eulers) ~ Dirichlet conditions forthe existence of Fourier series functions having discontinuity-Fourier series of Even and odd functions ~ Fourier series in an arbitrary interval ~ Half-range Fourier sine and cosine expansions~ typical wave forms - Parseval’s formula- Complex form of Fourier series UNT-¥ Fourier transforms & Z Transforms: oe Fourier integral theorem (without proof) ~ Fourier sine and cosine integrals-complex form of Fourier ier, Fourier transfor ~ Foner sine and cosine transforms ~ Properties ~ Inverse transforms ~ ‘convolution theorem transform ~ Inverse 2-transform Properties - Damping rule ~ Shifting rule ~ Initial and final value theorems. Convolution theorem ~ Solution of difference equations by 2-transforms. On? b-T 7 - Complex voniatles— differentiation ea) Tnboducton + Punchons of Complex vehiatle © Lek me Complex voniakle z be dedined by ze vty where % ord Y are veol veriasley Py, a5 Usual, Biven by Ys -l, ad ¢ now (eb @ Second Complex veniagle w be defined by we Usty where UZulr,¥) ard ve v0%,5) ove veal veniagly if mere "A & relobonship belween Ww ord & Such thek to each Vue of z Mm A given Fegjor of tHe Z- plone there anigned one, ond only one ,velue of W men w sord ty be 4 tunthon of & defimed on me dsivem Tegton The fmage of z undey me, tunchen 4M wade, ond Stoted , mrs 4 also a Complex No, we write, we fe > Uty = UlXYIFIVEXY) Troe uod yare Called me veal od Cmaginary pont, of w= fm. te Ws Pers c% ve Find BR vViluey of w which Covvespord 9 ) t= 24% Wy ca l4aP ond algo by veat ord emaginary parbs- Given wo descr lap ze tery Tr w= fer = ly)” he yy PARY = wey + army oa utiv s y Equoting reok ard tmaginary ponty 2 Sth wy Reo pabof #@re “= *- 9 ard fraginary park of feysve 27y ) of zz 04h Th : we tlagh) s Gt = Hehe ge = YH y, = 34h, Real pent of tix) = 3 Tmaginary pont of $() = 4 By ob z= 143," Tr ov ° We Pleat) = (Ing) = PF at be 2 J 4br = 6 4br Reok pont of fe =-8 Tmagindy pokor $m) = 6 7) ek We fe 2 Oc eat Find U ond Vv ond the Veluc of fey ob Ley? Si we tom = fe+3z Mee ca xety ) mem B= xH-Ky we £e.- CC x4 hy) + 3 x-fyy + Ox 9 3K - b2y 2-9) +8 (4-24) 2 uaty Say wehave Us Bx-y ad y — X- By Ce w= £44?) = ECH4T) #8CH-asy | > Ob a 3-nyP | soca BP ew Fe) = 2%2 cmd oy real ond nel Jinavy ports. Ao Bind FO) ob 1a? | Sal] us xb y%ex od ve reysy od Fle) = 143? noje> the locus of < Such map lez] = Ri a Civele with Centre Zo ad Yadiuy p nme | z- plane feclerol, - zing Re FP Oraz zaz othe saz ' Show met mre funchon Hos 2™ where ay a +ve inkegey fo differenhatle Foy an veluel of cz, where M9 a-tve inhegey Lep we Fee 2 wehave gle 2 in) Bbeade) - Fle) bt 0 bz n she (+ he 27 Sree bz I ae te eM ne be + NE) 7 Ody Be 0 v epee ed fees geet eee AZ ez He fret! mOY o™ ax) + + -- dz. z ~ How'd foy a) Viluy of &- nene, Bey exiata wate? po function 7 AS gerenhragle abe Point ols Continuous there ‘Sub the Convers ce Ptuncthen can be Continuctrs akle ob tReb Poinr. men IF TS fy nob Prue - ak @ poine bub nor dthperent’ Analy ie Functtows 5 A Functon we tw Ms Single valued ond Posseses unigue derivahive dp cok all Polnts of & Resion R- 7 Called bo an Amalie functon.of 2 m iar Tesion. Ar anal Function 1 algo Called & Yegulay gunchion ® oy can holomorphic Anchen” n 1f fe io analytic ab every polnk zon me Complex plane, F@ 1 function oy integral function A Point ab Which an amalytic functon | Ceacey to posses a devivahve t% Called a at ” Sing los poink of Ine Hunchon. sosd fo be On entire P20) doey nok exists men zo fa Calley . Singulen poi of fm. 1B Bley extahy ak every Poin ho Nehbou, hood of z» but #9) io To 4 soid to be an “tolecked — cingulen Poi of fe tm = ty omalubic oF every Point tHy al z He flee

me Suncton w= Ces ee men tay exrat. : Bley = be 42+0z)~ Per 7 Maror~ $y az 0 ay 5 ne facasde, 940g) a fv xe oa, 449) 5 — eee fucxy+ Pvoy) j eae ae Ax+ Poy 1 Lek Slee) exists hem a tere) ~ FO extaly. —o ma fe me imik exits ond (4 Same Foy ell Re dtvection along which 6% —70- Cosel) tep Aro olong moaxty Tren t= Ox fomO We sue 7 ie fu xroe, yoy) — UCI) 2 Vix wbx, oy) g “ azo Arty = Vo4. 4) wow. | Dx4 Ph shee { alaven oe ly +P V (x44, 99— Very) b4%—90 = ox |? av i ov Uy + ivy ot an © Coe) Leb Se—0 abong Y—anrs , Hew Azz Cady Se zur { ulated, Yay) =D ph VUE, YAY) ae Ane thy wOuy J . t+ Ox4 Pay : cs lye 1409) UCU)? vex, yeey) vcr Yo Pay toy ~ 4 a y+ av et) oy Now He extatence of Ssuolity of O ond © +1 24472 = ay pay as ed oy (9 av 2-34) ot Gy) - | ax By \ \ C-R conditions ave nece mary but nob sure iccenty Le Ip me -functon foo = utiv ee iow ten th musk satity me CR esuertns Converse fy nop ruc. A Funchon may Ssobisty ™ tof be dit Buk me nce conditions ag | @ poir- ord tb may pperentiasle ob tad py, | SUEPICent > Then by Taylor Tmeerem oy Functioy! of two eee pa ye by) IV CEFR, Yo by $leeaey = Ul xHoe au prt 2H ny ) t+ --> + =< ui, 9) + (2 3g axe 2409) 4. e[ vias +(& = ulaye PVN) + (Ere donr(2 ai ag rie Jay 3 fw (34 hey ax +e & Her0e)— $e) BL 3B. Dx mew USING CLR egy Bh vewpectvely f(z4+ av- fe ea ond =a + dare © B+ By L egy yx (4 +i y re vay Feplace 24 gag av Thay Dy 3g +i dha + Ce +71 2y ye 4 ya oy 9 : Bu 4 72, )(or4?4y) Jae ay Jo yp Veron FO) 2 av roy oy Ee ee “ibe, Be et | ox eg By show thet t” 14 analyte fox all % Ub we $= te Gaty)™ = Gy) + fang = UFiv Say where (U2 2% y Viz any Ua end ee ay an on Du 5 -ay md 2Y = ax By a wmbe Sive 2 Gd BY Biv. 5 aa oy 29 Ox peate Cauchys- Rlemann esy are sabisPied $e 1 an analytic Function -. dw _ ay fw = loge , Find ee ond determina where] z wr mon- anolyc we have ws gz ond ta eety = vel Os r(esorism) oles ye page eel Oe ban %) wr lges haesty) = bogtre!®) S bare ie = boa Vay pe ban) wos lege = toga 9) acta (yy 2 ust where = begs YD, Ve baslyy Now au is & ay os ae aye 7 Yay vo. -¥ Dos x ax —_— Pay (89 aye weate me portal desivative, eve Conbnuou exteph oF ©, — sinte ay = ov 2x 2y od 24 = — dv ey Bx Hence COR. eguadions ove Solisled. dz oF W Mm omalyhe everywhere exceph ob c=0 Conat. if fee i an analyte Function with rishan; 4 Conohan te modulus shoo Tar $C) "3 : : ool ; . chon BI) op $e s Usiv ty amaletic fun 2 Tey i sels Jeo) = fuvevy constonr ay + ” er) UV = > d we Now pce © pontally ws x oY, sue ee eon au dt pave = You ,y Rv Lp uv +vav so on aX __3@ eu ey, 36 SimCe CR egnohe BU. wv au = -ayv ax By ° ay ax fum@®, -uav yy ous, ax o> @y Squaring ond adding @ ond Qi toe seh we Bae ovat iG eV Avice “G4 ES) WE Gaye foe eS + Sinte u%v%ec £0 wow fle = Ou 4 fav on DH \ Mol eee \ | $e)” 7 } = By ca i ayy wh oy Ife} = te Flmce oy $e t) Cnastent Hem me Resuik 94 proved note? teh w- feos usiv aa Tey Ren ihe CHR eguctin, of F@ ob me Origin 6) ave ce | BY 2 Le ule) Ulo,0) om x50 aye We ule, yy — Ul, i) Yo y a = He UL %,09-¥00,0) on x—o0 a OM = te Vea v (0,0) ay Yo 5a Cunchon we f(x) Ceares (Fo%)/nof ) to be analyte tf do dz —| Find where me tuncHen w= t =o | Ti) we re uzel ZI Vy) we tt? z(e41) ceases ( $orls ) +o be analyHc v) t= &*( Wsut Ishin . See Cosy fo be anahedic a ce dere tT) qiven we t 2) go 2 oh ot. | Se if 2#o poy t=O, dw doy mob exists so theb W dz 7 fy analyhe every where exteph ab whe Polinr geo which Mo sing ulen point of dw. fi) Gven we % zl do os tes EE CL eA aes Gyo ee dz Zu” Zo” For zz aw doe not existy. SO ow fy 2 de omalyee everywhere exceph oF Me point Jeet. whch vo & Aingul® polit of feu. & yet! iii) @iven we dw 2 37th 7 zine , all points of : wo exists oF 2 y ae ry analy He eveyy t Hele © Complex Plane lane. coheve tm te Comples PINE ty) oe ey Givin = zee) x oe er) (324) = + tet hd U2)” = 72¢ 3p ae) thzto, vey 224) For ~=0 od <4Is0 fe cot)” do does ro} odz extok -60 w is analyhe every where, exCep ob me points uso, zr Cod doit woliich ene Simgulen pointy of few. YD) Given cae" ( Cosy fshnu) tu-v : ze C (uty) ho ‘ ze > =e, Ws fit °, d . loge = fe Bete Be > de ‘<= Clearly tom wh analyhie ahem feno te fe Find an veluy of &, Such Mab Pee _ Psinky ) 1 Onalytic. = (Cork! tee fey = COsku + TSinky) = Uriv & Ula,4) = e*Cosky cud vl1,¥) = e%sinkey x 2Yy x oe cosk itt f ot = €

Ke sinky os aoe x av Gi e sink gy oo Re*cosky mus £0) is analyte mem C-8 suatrony ave sokispied tf 20 > a Te e%Cagky = Ke% Cop which ts fue For k= 4 > Ris : ee ov eae ey oo ete i) ax whrth!is true Fev fos ¢ a ey es conan Oe ee. Show - Le aw . oo Met £0) = Z is nob ditferentate ony Where property of Analytic Funchonds oe ip hw ond 3& ove analyte Functions , then tte fg od # are alo onaly He Lunch on, Provided fer $0 pmalyfic Function of an analyhe eer eee omnaly hc an entive funchon of an entive function f on enkive perivalive oF an analyhc Functen 4 thseuf analy he. Show. That =f @ its ze az %4 nob analytic anywheye in We Complex: Plane, md whebkey f= SinxSihy'— CGsxeiy iy analyte oY mot . ~ xt 5 Find = whehey $O = TTY 14 analytye| aye oy nok. show That me functon $m =Ving] 4 nok analytic ab he origin even ough esuation4s are sakindyed ab tmol- osigin, Leh fee vay = Klay tivOny) (sa ky here ucay) = ond A b he Origin, we have. cl on UlZo)— Uloo) tp =o an a x30 =0 24 2 lp Ulo,yy — uloo) ch 2-0 19 By Y-20 J Yoo 7 Bo Us vino - MED 3 ip ee 770 x a0 2 * 2s te v(0y4)-vL9,0) 2ypus! a pe th, 258 = By oy. oy = ee By ax Beale CR eguodiong “ore sokisPred ab tre Osigin. \ =e »— $0 However FQ) = fw - fo 2350 Z, =f Vey) z0 iy Wow Lek zi along he One Yama We see (yon pf £ uma 3 Feo ob MNT ye Utin) ROE TNA lant k depends on m ond heme ‘ip fy urigue - a Foy doe mob exialy. vIe me “wok analy ie | ok tree origin no} fe Rot me Function Piz defined by fey ~ tet Vli-ty a ye =o (220) eg, mW nueous ond Ih Cauchy — Riemann 5 uation, are Sobts Are of at me origin , Yek Blo) doeynok -exiab, U4) - PCr?) wo Fee ye zZ>0 IO x Eye yoo . a, 6 eb OD 2 EYU-TY 20 Yoo a Y¥>0 . Bees fevet xo a CU ea AC) = 7s 7 ave AMo F0) = 0 “sive deka Thu A Le Bey = fey when X90 Frak ard z30 veo also vice-versa, now let both x oad y Find b0 exo Simulbancoualy, slong the pate Y= me Pei) Hen BC eat) UD 20 ee aye x20 2 3. ne soe usta 0) = aah ao 0 mbt (fy! 2 yah er m8( 0-1 : ete xbmc) oy x0 l+m> Pete 4 fa: & along to z 0 softy Conhnucuy af HX origin. Now fey 2 CUI) - roy ayy = Lutyytia day Also. Uloo) 0 od vo) = @ te UL V— VEO — ™ ste) PP x x—> 0” ou Fe) up went? = te He, He) ~ Yo y 0 = dy vind lh oben S 2 O% “ahingy ~ app me BO ond Ha VLA MO) ge Bay Siren yoo yO Heate 09 | OY Lav aad Bs Ou an By, ay ax Saki nhred ob THUS TRE C-R es uation, oe Re ordain — fete - 3M Buk fig 2 be z cue ee sity) zo“ latty Gy) th ee along me poe Y= mm, a mee 1 Clem Fo ee IP Lam’) ttm whacth depends on m ord hunce is nel UNigue . Huy fle) doeynoh exial + (0,0): Show mab fz - mol analy ie THAT iA ongwhere in HL Complen Plane. Find whetmer fey = Sinx sing CCosn Cosy My emalyte oy nal Fmdwhemey fm = _%-"y —_ Page Tomallte mob. Prove cy where ws fey mm orate Lar \ now $e - Mai av. : : ze Sy = Ut PM = uaF Uy (umn, 4 wa Utel = Japan Wx) Uy) * \ v Vee) ue ue | = xt Uy So wehave 2ur= 24 Ww Ox a 7% v 2 v. a] uy ond 2 ou = [e&) +424] = vv 9 ® lol 28 ue 2 ol ode oy ni Y By? [ @ureu =) »© ©+O® sve x mt 2 my 4 2% Ba", Tur = al@ oD) Sh) ~ ul Sat og a B27 ayy since U 14 Beak Por Soboty ft Re Laplace esu. pe oe ou ne Ve Sav? Dy © we hav e Frm (© 4 © wm, a - af Gp egy) ‘DAY Iho Geet ayy Bo = Uriv., Bem Rel Fars 4 fof fer, eredore 7a | +2 (v% Dp) hy Or = al tte ~ a S co 0 1 ale | es )\ Reel Fers”= af fel” Ren eS J | Rea Fer a) $he* (Ga ‘yy | Beale me pesui Pow cust s 23) prove Ret Hae ord vse x where Cp ord C, are Conshnts , cub each Ob Orthos on ally, 3 ae we utiv s 27> wey) > (e- axy 241 yh ie 3 Ws ah any® ond ve 329-y wehave two Familie of Curvy wLaay 2 6 —® ond axy-y3a eg, ———_ 7 lek & pomtreulen curve of me Feuntly x2 any inkevseck a pertrcules Curve of Re family axy_ yrs 2 of Go Ya) D-Feg@wu x bo x, we ser - x ax ay oxy dy 1g ay 2 xX yr dx dy ax Sept of me Fangenk at te yy for me Riza ew ve = wo YY — 2%y, we sep zo te Syl ony 5 azyr SMF ok Ce, Yo hoy tre Second q b Rye Yor Yoduc t Pro of He Awe Shpey = See So mye Curves inkercee p xf eer a | chow thet Polen Form of Cauchy. Riemann Kguottony che Bu 1 ow = _ or vase) = Y 33S and deduce we Sh ,toau ys ary 5 pr 2k =o 1 14 @,8) perme Coordinate me two famPlyy of cuny tnteyseck ovtey gonally , Be eee tt) bole We oe omaly He everywhere Mn TRS Complex plane %4 Find Fee) Polen Porm: of Cauchy Rremann Csuchous’ | of a Pofnr Coordinake one (%4) Tren HG = oz vel O whore Contesian 10 re taPy se Fes Fle) where Ueud y one now expre ned onkerms of vod @- Didherenbaring iF wilh ¥. ty penbally -. te ee fe 2 fle 2 2 gy dO -¢ oy ' e = ie e a 3 1 ok = (at ty, ) We= ote or i) oO @’ pantrall ciel nye oe ee ce P Y \ 250 ote $ie 2s = Fe ve 20 2 glo. 4, 2 U'rauie 20 Vek Uetiv, an So oe) FO treid — 6; Using @ oad O we see i Unive orl. av wiht, OM : Ae Ye © 56 oie etn Teol ord Ema.gin ary paths, We sf eu aw ge ee Som OY W128 Tr® Ee ® Peatrally wx, to ¥ MO sy . a ok ow ary 3 287 ¥ sex —O wd DF €2 @ Pootrall, wrt @ WS sep oy y ee a . — eo 2720 >@© Tha ddasin a ©, @ oad @® wese > elt eho eh Mh] Ly ayy VY Oy” ber er GH TY IY te 2 ie uaa ey on oe opto . 2 oe 0. ‘e fs Harmon?t Funchons © th f@ < uriv be an: analyte Sunes Plane, muds bir Mn Some vegefon Of He Re funchenn U ord Vv Sabtaty ine Leplate's esuattiony im two vontagly Fe 2% ~ + BM MW 25 od Bh %& a oa ie ; v . ve wt O ond Vv ro amUs Re funthen sablsty ire taplace cy her Wnotontos hedmentc Runctton od mety theory *4 tatled potentral heory. Prove Rob tC Mm TD a HVE mbeger ) 3 analvtt Bind ry derivative n ond hele Lee #0 = = : using polo co-ordinoakes : 7) 1O°-min | Fay 2 CeO not ay eno teh fe = Urativlnd| >} (ar ze se ay Ctoand +*sinn6 ) aces = ylv,e) = Sinn _ N=) ox woo Sle ‘cane, = nv! Sinn@ ay n cid BYU = —”Y Sinn Ww, = ni"casnd 20 , Eye) 2 Mean = ny! Cane = 2 woo Lv = i in 24 7 22 Br n i end 1 ay 2 L(-7¥ Sinn) = ans? stand ao v = —-2}v dy Sine me Cauthy — Riemann een ave sabisfre ond me pontiel derivatives one Cont nve4 efter = 2% t9 nalytic \ werd ¥ We wow D-F es © partrally f Toe 6 a BE 2 Puy Be = oY Or ! 1 of © 2 eu tev al. acy Se hcl 2% 1 BY e ol oe 0 ai" cone tiny Stnng ) @ tstnn®) - If copn8 + isinn oo (e a) 0 Se acc n-l AY (ye 8 ac nye Prove tat me function FM= 214 nop analytic ab any Polab . : nekermme me Lunchon axyy POX LY) ty analyte Dehymme p suck meh metunction | foe ~ : a nee hac : = bog (ay y+? tas (24) be an analytic Function. amas Poel PYovem-f if U= eve on a yr Laplace) 51) bub ety 1% Yegulen lana te ) Function of z Ooms vy Sobiafy mot a Gv Us a%y” ond vz -y hye Ov ns Mae Sean, Mary 94 i‘ on 2 > na ea : 4 Bae oS oe ond Bear att = ty om wey» — Cyr 2 av oo noo Sos ay hv) L axl(ah yr Day f asl tay = a9 (y= gary ba paper es (4s ee ee ay ee (yy”™ ayy 2 ° (o% vy : 2 ay gat yy) —_——_ (ey) 3 cleoly By 2% co ond 224 2¥ og aay Byy ‘ ond VEO peace both Od coktndier Te taplace we observe Bok SbF 2 oud al ge usty yo analytic functon of 7. . yuo oil. peta HO= veyify tek U = x%y%y ty hommente in me whole Complex plane and tind a Conjugate Homreon?c funthon vy of 4 Given uratyty : ay = -29-1 Meo, We me TN oy ae MH Oxy 2 ayy y » : 1 BH 4 2h we plteo oar yr Urs h \ 4 Comey F.C co ee i function Hen Leb v be He Congugpre oF 4, Oy wey ne 2 ax 2y Z aud Using C-R egy — pu BY oa dr + Sx J OM dv (agen dat axdy On Nz 2H wawing Me ay+l a dye Mdx+ Nedy p arttaendrl een, d © nkesredias ve Jmnax + fy yt only Those terms hag donot contain x = feyeves fo +e Huale dp ty eee y Soe ee cs ony veoh Cont, gete vz axytetd Py Re mod > Sener ef Conjugare —harmont fonction of U ter usty yet (PYF ¥C) Show mek te dunchon Ulx4) > e%osy ty honmontu - dehermmne ehy hehmonic Conjugate V02L4) ond RE analytte tunchon 42) =Usiy 1 vixyre eX smnyee fq = tiv « -ttaye fe sey = eXClosyy Psing) atc _ a er%eh Mates emetic show met ULAY) 2 43 = a ‘ i ey ee tnd Phy hemonre consugabe oud wre Corresponding mowhe function 4) on berms of & 3 . ve ary-Y te, fw = arty . ip $e a Fegulo Punchon of 1 ft : (2+ BLO 4] tl” vr lt” = +l tle), | ee ee ee | ey veh $e 2 Ube 4d + Fvex,g) yo vegulod) dunetion THA | fe) e Wav” = Al) Say v ib yx z= = au be ey od 2% . af «2h + yyy +& XJ Ox” - aay any had ov > 7 . au ayy y ov. av similealy 3 ios coal oe oa éy) Adding We sue 2b a - alum yA B® , & 2B, + 3B part Get CF +] vf Ou y™ By (ay avy” Bi)" 6D Gey Gy] : >G} Since Umd v have to sablay ¢-R ecu ond taplate eg we have v + au = (av ee () Gp. Gy Cz) ot oh , oH = ob 4 2b aay ay day ayy 2 [Aud Se oe | +f Go aay ayy a "| Sng hi BL ie Bog on dI too) = lle Dav ayy cs | show map ine functon U = ala ay) 7) hoomonic ond Find by hedmnic Conjugabe or dma $e2 Utfy ba] vis y tombty +¢ 7 > Pr Us £2 ¥ Find eee = utty cs my Gry —Bx-2Y #¢e THY - 2% BY 14 hommonic Pe a cunction coho ge Construction of Analy he ms eles TE ty enon mi bie Real oy imaginory port 9 C mibie_ Thomson's melnod) = in kerma of z To Expyess any function Yeplace x by z and Y bY O FNP Prove on e9 anh method of Finding £& whey fbn weak ponk or tne imaginary Port 4 Siveq woltich fy due to mflne- Thomson ™eMrodl, Frad me most Seneraf onalutte Luncten those eal Peak oy us % ye fms usiy chee Us Ly Ma. Be - au ox FF x = —2y Hee $e = DU oe : eS) ot Tsing Rees >, 24 say On By “Cry ~7ay) am 1 4 Pay Bim ex inom of 2 by *e Plating x by 2 a ieee Hoace al Fy 8k oI Whe syd 5x rub mung cays = afeg, eae | Urv Vis Chxesinn ~e tosaecul + AFSMY TE Q Co, he 12h SY Beam dy) ) Corr psin 4 FYE Vegas ond = (Cosa tashy oF CCosn t Sinx~ EY CSE hwy i z 2D (Cosme Corby). mo Fe). OU ov | 200 ou aa ae ax a ! [ Casn-Cothy) (- staat Cosx)) + 2 (Coan —Coshy)” cee Hg wn ( Coun Esinxe) [ Gosxe Coshy JEP} (Conn Sine= ed) sinhy J ‘ ez and ye by mile thomsen mepod, Pulling *=% yslo ot Fly = tae-IG sine — Coat) + SINT COZ Sinz-1) CL(ese-1) r°d ee ae 2(Cosz-1) oe : cone (tose —1) + Sie = aG a ee = Lt) - oC Gse- R(Cosz Rete 2 (osz-1) 2orz-1) ey el, 2 (at We Fw = Tee) ’ - 1 ~ Fees = Os Btosecltz, AG) (I-asm’e 1) % (> mnesyebing,, we 3e- tm et J lose det = a ctSpee t+ cob Dee zo czy ao Given A) =o => Hale fm -1- Lot(e) ‘ z fe etl ete qa Find fm = ugiv gives PP Wty Sinzy “ —_—. Coshry — cosrx &\ to 5 tei 4 (tt) cote q. -. 3 Find K Such mek flay) = 2 FSERT may be harmonve ond tind fbn. Conjugoh & —) Fmd fey s Usiv game UtV = Sina coy |— Co, sai|_ bY mine ~Pomson's melnod shes Corry Fle) = t{acsze (1- corre) -2sinae) ee U-tos2z) ” =f acsaz-) au 2 Sted 22)” Cos2t-] Asin“ wnhegreting fey = feeter® “lan fw = tcobeeo oY fee © etree vee te Ub fer 2 uaty 9 an onadatic function of z yer Bnd 4Q)° TF auev = OX ereweeary + @- 24) sinry] fi} re foe uty orem = 2ru -av : unt @ = luriv) + (2fu-ev) = U-2v) + i(2uty) 2) F@ = Uery) + f(2u4v) = veiv 49 pheye Ue U2 ead Ve atey pF pankially wrte © _ \ : CR en wae) FO) = au i av DU oy . "O2-{ \ 72% ory, 2. BV 47 av DU. ov 4.223 a%_ Lo BY Dy | = QUtV = Sey cosay + @-2ypsin ney] + aeifiexey cor 29 A ay = e[ acony + (x-2yp sin? J on ys ef -a(oy) ginny # COP a(n 24) basey 7 _ sin? J sinny + Conny #20, + sine + ! " now (rari) FO = Poe | _ asin) fet veaey Cony Gry sind] 24 2 [ exry) rd * we expres 46 by mifve = Thom son’? metod , 7 = d yo wbermy of © bY putting *> 7 on 2 2 ur) ew Fi el eat} rire na a+hz) 7 gan re wefes " lo = tata) inkesy aking , FO = [Tum a Qt > fe ae hf £t az popes Bete 2 = az ete +e are & e my) taay + 2x y sing oe dete | prove mak UF hoamonic cad find KE onanaly He ane Hat o. Li poo oy U- | gers Metre FO = ust, © func Deke e me analy \ ¥ Siver mab = gUF2V = YE pp 16% ‘ He 4 1b% RN Give me qupave VO*t . > i ito of xd Now D-F a © pankrallyy wr! y, BU pQw = o-2Xr!6 = -2%4tb De ax ws od 3M yaw = 7y SB a ay J a Ee Ry Using CR Cou ~2V 42 22 Sy > By p Set ty RY >@) Sowing © od © we s- @Oxr -@xz 3ivy we 2 L (2a byr32) Bx O18 and x3 + @rzigivey DU. 1 (-bx—Uysug oe ax Thu \ ' > J@= avyiw an rr ° L(-bx- O (-ua—by 432] L( bx by ehe)re (-ux-by ) \ by milne, - Thomson's metmod, we express Fp inkerm goh %, Yeplace bys z dy by oO glo = Je Cbesue) sh urease) fo = Gre = fh -f2 yee, e oe) +e where C is a complex constant. . Find an analytic function whose real part is e™* (x sin y—y cos ), Solution : Let f(z) =u + iv where u=e™ (x sin y-y cos y) Differentiating partially with respect to x and y, we get =e* (sin y) +(x sin y—y cosy) (-€*) and ge 212 =e™ (x cos y +ysin y-cos y) (p)a OH 4 O8 _ u_ u Ona eae =e™ (sin y—xsin y+y cos y)-ie* (x cos y+y sin y—cos y) By Milne-Thomson’s method, f(z) is expressed in terms of z by replacing x by z and yy S(2)=0-1e* (e-1)=-i(ze*-e*) Integrating with respect to z, we have f(z)=ize™ + constant, If u= | (2-94) cosy—2ay sin 7] is real part of an analyte function, analytic function. (Using Cauchy-Riemann equations) [INTU June 200 Solution : Let f(z)=u+iv where use (2 -Pcosy—2xy siny] ou . Then [@? -y) cosy-2aysiny +6 [2x cosy~2ysin y] and =e [-2ycosy+? say) -21 ny 299 cosy] = Ou, Ov Ou Bu Now SO ti a (using C~ R equations) =4[@- ee a a _ ou _, du oe ¥*) 089~2aysiny 2x cosy~2y siny ~ié [ By Milne — Thomson’s method, T®) is ex by 0. ~2y cosy+ (9 x4) sin y—2x siny-297"™ Pressed in terms of z by replacing * bY ? , Functions of Complex Variable 185 Hence /'(@)= [27 +22]-i¢[0]= e @ +22 Integrating by parts with respect to ‘2’, we get F@)=e 2+C where Cis a complex constant. Find an analytic function whose real part is ——2"2* _ igyrry 2003] cosh 2y—cos 2x Solution: Let Az) =u + iv where y=—_sin2x cosh 2y—cos 2x P(e) = a 12% Ou _ du - Ox ae or ty (Using Cauchy-Riemann equations) (08h 2y~cos 2x) 2 Sos2x=sin 2x (2sin 2x) _ sin2x (-2 sinh 2y) (cosh 2y—cos 2x)? (cosh 2y—cos 2x)* = 2008 2x cosh 2y—2 | | 2sin 2x-sinh 2y =e eco tym 2 , ;_2sin 2x. ye (cosh 2y—cos 2x)". "(cosh 2y—cos 2x) Using Milne-Thomson method, we express f(z) in terms of z by putting x = z and y = 0, 2 cos 2z~2 2 r= 2 +1(0) = (1--c0s 22 i Integrating, we get f(z) =cotz+ic, q Here the integration constant is taken as imaginary since w does not contain any constant, Find the analytic function whose imaginary part is e* (x sin y + y cos y). [INTU 1998S] Sol. Given v = e* (x sin y + y cos y) wl) ov as : Differentiating (1) partially want. x, 5° = [(¢+1) sin y+y cos y] ov e . Differentiating (1) partially wat y, 3 = [(¢+}) cos y- y sin y] Gu dv _ dv, ov _ ~ysiny]eie® [(x41) sh But fO-g a a ae e [(x+1) cosy—ysiny]+i [(+1) sin y+y cos y] Using Milne-Thomson method f"(z) =e” (z+1) [Putting x = z and y = 0] Integrating, f(z) =ze* +e is, usia(xrb) oO ten(etb) eo sone (e+y)(cosystsiny)te utiv=e* (xcosy—ysin y) +ie* (xsiny+ycosy) +c Equating real parts, u =e (xcosy—yssin y) +e [isles : ae 7 [INTU 1999} ion and its real part, is imaginary part of an analytic function, find analytic x ofl Solution : Given vex? -y +5 a Q) J Engineering tay, may hy a? +y?) Lox-2x oe Differentiating (1) partially wt % ri | (e+? y (Ps vf (2 +9") @-»: Differentiating (1) partially wart.» 2 eedyt (P49? y ov au» Pa a am 2 y oe ofr eeF | OA 1 2g) te Using Mitne-Thomson method S'(2)=#(22)-—y =! (22)-= Integrating, fae tite yi x=iy ie wtiv = (ery tote -F tay) +e i y i| 2 a =u 2ayt- +e4i|2-~ 4 or utiv = -2y+—5 7 Equatng req pats, we get u=—2374— 2 4¢ xy’ Prove that the function ¥(%¥)=sinx-coshy +2 cosx-sinhy 442 — 2 +4ay satisfies Laplace equation, Determine the coresponding analytic funtion w + fs [INTU 2003 (Set No! Solution : Givenv= sin x-c0sh +2 cos sinh 4.42 ~¥ $Axy de “OOS eOShY~2sinx sinh y 427 44y ay oad ae Bn C0sh y 2e083-sinh y 4.9 cry Of Similarly By NY 20085-95442 ay. aid FF 8H + 20083. snhy 9 ey ey Clearly + =o Hence v saistis Laplace's equation a onic), functions of Complex Variable 1a suti =sil Let f@)=u+iv where ae in OU oe ay SO-srie ay! ee Using C — R equations = Ginx sinh y +2 c0s x-cosh y2y 443) *4G0s.x-cosh y~2sinx-sinhy-+2x-44y) By Milne — Thomson’s method, S'@) is expressed in terms of z by replacing x by z and y by 0. Hence f"(2)=(2cosz+4z)4j (cosz+2z) . a 2 Integrating, FO)=2sin2 44.5 +i trea }se =2sinz +22” +i(sinz+22)+C where C is a complex constant, Find the analytic function whose real part is (?) —~ Ce vey ey [JNTU 2003, Nov. 2008 (Set No. 2)] @ Let f@=u+iv where y=—* . ay Se= Hs BM ee (using Cauchy — Riemann equations) _ y-x? 4 2ixy _ Otix? = ix? a +P? ay? CaP? “Oris O-i Onin? 1 Po +e where c is a complex constant. y x+y (i) Let f(z) = w+ iv where w= “f@ (using C-R equations) a? -y?) ayy P Oxy +i(y? -*)] 1 i x)? zy &

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