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Screw Gauge Practicals Corrected

The document describes how to measure the diameter of a wire and thickness of a sheet using a screw gauge. It provides the materials, theory, procedure, and sources of error for making these measurements. Key steps include determining the pitch and least count of the screw gauge, measuring the vertical scale reading in perpendicular directions at multiple positions along the wire/sheet, calculating the average diameter/thickness, and accounting for any zero error. The goal is to accurately measure the diameter and thickness to the precision of the screw gauge's least count.

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943 views4 pages

Screw Gauge Practicals Corrected

The document describes how to measure the diameter of a wire and thickness of a sheet using a screw gauge. It provides the materials, theory, procedure, and sources of error for making these measurements. Key steps include determining the pitch and least count of the screw gauge, measuring the vertical scale reading in perpendicular directions at multiple positions along the wire/sheet, calculating the average diameter/thickness, and accounting for any zero error. The goal is to accurately measure the diameter and thickness to the precision of the screw gauge's least count.

Uploaded by

eloel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practical 1

Aim
To measure diameter of a given wire using screw gauge.

Materials Required
Screw gauge, Wire

Theory

What is least count?


Least count is given as:
Least count = pitch/no of division on the circular scale (in mm)
If a screw gauge has a pitch of 1 mm and 100 divisions on the circular scale then the least count is given as:
L.C = 1mm/100 = 0.01 mm

Formula

Pitch = distance move on vertical scale / no of rotation

Least Count = Pitch / no of division on circular scale

Diagram

Procedure
1. Find the value of one vertical scale division (V.S.D).
2. Determine and record the pitch and least count of the screw gauge.
3. To find the zero error, bring the plane face B and A nearby. Record zero error as nil if there is no error.
4. Move face B away from face A. using a ratchet head R, move the face A towards face B lengthwise and
stop when R turns without moving the screw.
5. Vertical scale reading (V.S. R) is recorded by noting down the no. of visible and uncovered divisions of
vertical scale.
6. Let n be the no. of divisions of the circular scale lying on the reference line.
7. To measure diameter in a perpendicular direction, repeat steps 5 and 6 by rotating the wire to 90°.
8. For the entire length of wire, repeat steps 4,5,6 and 7 for five different positions and record the
observations.
9. Find the total reading and also zero correction.
10. Take the average of different values of diameter.

Observations and Calculation

THIS PHOTO IS JUST AN EXAMPLE

Result
The Diameter of the given wire is ………mm3.

Precautions
1. There shouldn’t be any friction while moving the screw.
2. The screw should always be rotated by ratchet R and not by cap K to avoid undue pressure.
3. For zero correction proper sign should be noted.
4. To avoid back-lash error in the screw, the screw should be moved in the same direction.
5. The diameter of the wire should be measured at each place in two perpendicular directions and mean
should be taken.
6. Along the entire length of the wire, readings should be taken at five different places.
7. Avoid errors because of parallax.

Sources Of Error
1. There might be friction in the screw.
2. There might be a back-lash error in the screw gauge.
3. Circular scale divisions may not be equally divided.
4. There might not be uniformity in the wire.
PRACTICAL 2

Aim
To measure the thickness of the sheet using a screw gauge.

Materials Required
Screw Gauge, Sheet

Theory

Screw gauge is an instrument used to accurately measure the thickness of a sheet of metal. It comprises a U-
shaped frame fitted to a screwed spindle which is attached to a thimble. A scale graduated in mm is engraved
parallel to the axis of the thimble. This is known as the pitch scale. The head of the screw consists of a rachet
that avoids undue tightening of the screw. On the thimble, there is a circular scale known as the head scale
which is divided into 50 or 100 equal parts. The pitch of the screw is the distance moved by the spindle per
revolution. The distance moved by the tip of the screw when the screw is turned through 1 division of the head
scale is known as the least count.

Formula

Pitch = distance move on vertical scale / no of rotation

Least Count = Pitch / no of division on circular scale

Procedure
• Again, insert the sheet between the studs of the screw gauge and determine the thickness at five
different positions.
• Find the average thickness and determine the correct thickness by applying the zero error.
Observations
The least count of the screw gauge = …. mm
Zero Error of screw gauge = …. Mm

THIS PHOTO IS JUST AN EXAMPLE

Result
The thickness of the given sheet is ….mm3.

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