Disaster Readiness and

Risk Reduction
 DRRR
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Vulnerability
Disaster Readiness
Readiness and Risk Reductio
Reductio n
Al ter nativ
nat iv e Deliver
Deli ver y Mode
Mo de
Quarter 1 – M Module
odule 5: Vulnerability
Vulnerability
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary:
Undersecretar y: Diosdado
Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer : Melencia Rosario D. Coronel

Editors::
Editors Cristeta M. Arcos
Anne Marielle
Marielle R. Del Mundo
Mundo
Vanessa R. Ambas
Reviewers:: Dolorosa S. De Castro
Reviewers
Cristeta M. Arcos
Richard Brian L. Tutor
Illustrator: Leumel M. Cadapan
Ronan DC Vergara
Layout Artist: Leumel M. Cadapan
Maria Elinor F. Hemedes
Management
Manage ment Team:
Wilfredo E. Cabral
Job S. Zape Jr.
Eugenio S. Adrao
Elaine T. Balaogan
Rosemarie D. Torres
Ernesto D. Lindo
Dolorosa S. De Castro
Cristeta M. Arcos

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egion IV-A
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 What I Need to Know

In this module, the learner will be able to explain the meaning of

vulnerability. Aside from being able to explain the meaning of vulnerability,
the learner will also be able to apply the different applications and real-life
situations. Knowing the meaning of the word itself will let the learners use
their knowledge to handle situations when vulnerability became the primary
considerations of the community when it comes to exposure, prevention,
mitigation,, and recovery from a particular hazard.
mitigation

The Module is intende

intended
d to equip you with knowledge and skills in explaining the
t he

meaning of Vulnerability.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define vulnerability;
2. determine what makes a community vulnerable or not;
3. assess events situations delicately to identify vulnerability level and
coping capacity and ability; and
4. manage personal beliefs through knowing the importance of identifying
exposure and vulnerability to disaster.

1
 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What are the three phases of disaster management planning for vulnerable
community to make it less
l ess susceptible?
a. planning, evacuating, and recovery
b. preparation, response, and recovery
c. evacuating, rebuilding, and recovery
d. preparation, planning, and perception

2. Risk is a situation where in a community

community is being exposed to danger. What
are the two factors that affect the risk level of a commun
community?
ity?
a. alert and alarm
b. hazards and threats
c.
d. hazard and vulnerability
vulnerability and suscepti
susceptibility
bility

3. The following are involve

involved
d in Nationa
Nationall Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management planning EXCEPT___________.
a. media
b. Catholic church
c. national government
d. Local Government Units (LGU)

4. Which is NOT a tool provided by the government to protect vulnerable

communities?
a. Government using research to predict storms and floods.
b. Governmen
Governmentt utilizing computer systems to determine risk levels.
c. Government relocating natural disaster victims to more stable areas.
d. Governmen
Governmentt funding Army corps of Engineers projects to build bridges

5. Which of the following can be frequently prevented and anticipated?

a. disasters
b. natural hazards
c. human-made hazard
d. socio-economical hazards

6. Which group belongs to the most vulnerable?

a. professionals
b. indigenous people
c. governmentt officials
governmen
d. small entrepreneurs

2
7. It refers to the community’s ability to reduce vulnerability through
prevention, mitigation, response, and recovery.
a. disaster
b. hazard
c. resiliency
D. risk

8. It is a set of existing conditions, which badly affect the community’s

ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous
events.
A. disaster
B. disaster risk
C. hazard
D. vulnerability

9. What does the statement “Vulnerability is situation specific” means?

a. Vulnerability cannot be determined easily
b. Not all communities are vulnerable to earthquake

c. Vulnerability
d. It means thatof
vulnerability depends independs
a certain community every individual
on the level of
preparedness

10. The following

following are ways on how to deve
develop
lop resilie
resiliency
ncy EXCEPT________.
EXCEPT________.
a. ability to identify the hazards
b. ability to escape a specific event
c. ability to respond immediately after the disaster
d. ability to prepare all the time for the possible outcome

11. Complete the sentence. High vulnerability level and high hazard
status are associated with_______________.
a. low disaster risk
b. high disaster risk
c. medium disaster risk
d. none of the above

12. Which of the following groups of people are more vulnerable to

disasters?
A. men, women, boys
B. men, boys, old people
C. women, children, old people
D. none of the above

3
13. The following
following factors can help less
lessen
en the vulnerability
vulnerability of
of a community
EXCEPT _______________.
a. preparednes
preparedness s of the community
b. presence of Disaster Risk Reduction Management Team
c. availability of health services and facilities in times of calamity
d. provisions of housing on areas that have fault lines in the vicinity

14. Which statement

a. Vulnerabili
Vulnerability best
ty can describes
cause vulnerability?
the loss of life or injury, property damage.
b. Vulnerability is a potentially damaging physical event,
phenomenon, or human activity .
c. Vulnerability can generate social and economic disruption or
environmental degradation .
d. Vulnerability is the susceptibility of an individual or a group of
people on the impact of natural hazard.

15. Why do you think the total number of deaths attributable to natural
hazards has risen overall?
a. because less people lived in less vulnerable areas
b. because events are better documented today than in the past
c. because the magnitudes of natural hazard events are increasing
d. because human population are increasing in areas that are
vulnerable

4
 Lesson Explain the meaning of
1 Vulnerability

Vulnerability can determine

deter mine the ability of an person or a group to predict, cope
with, resist and recover
recover from the effects of a natural or human-induc
human-induced ed threat.
As vulnerability increases, it means that the population is at greater risk of
suffering from a severe natural danger.

What’s In

Direction: Spot the hazard.

hazard. Write your ans
answer
wer on a separate
separate sheet of paper.
paper.

` Figure A Figure B

Left: "DSCF0856" by gvlx, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0;

Right: "Unsafe construction in Macau" by Azchael, licensed under CC BY 2.0

5
1. Examine Figures A and B. Identify all the hazards that you can see.

Figure A Figure B

2. Give at least three (3) potential scenarios from each picture that can
occur due to the presence of hazard?
______________________
___________ _____________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
___________ _____________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
___________ _____________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
___________ _____________________
_____________________
______________________
_______________________
____________

Notes to the Teacher

There are several
several poss
possible
ible answer
answers.
s. Consider an
answers
swers tha
thatt are
relevant to the questions and could have been a possible answer
but not included in the answer key.

6
 What’s New

Inspection Time!!

Direction: Since being safe and protected is the number one GOAL of every
family, let us conduct an ocular inspection of your house and backyard to
ensure your family’s safety against hazards and disasters.

Follow the steps below:

1. Tour around your house including the backyar
backyard d and assess if there is/
are hazards observed in your house.
2. As much as possible, make a list of all the hazards that you will be
observed.
3. Using all the hazards that you listed, determine what could be the
possible events that may put you and your family at risks.
4. Who among the family members are prone or susceptible to the listed
hazards?
5. Identify the reasons why that member of that family is vulnerable.

Hazards Possible events Susceptible Reason of

family Vulnerability
member/s
(Exposure)

Guide Questions:

1. Based on your assessment from the tour that you made, how will
you define vulnerabilit
vulnerability
y in your own words?
words?

________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_______________________________
___________
________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_______________________________
___________

7
 2. After knowing the hazards in your house, what is your plan of action
to avoid harm?
______________________
_________________________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
___________
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
________________________
_______________________
__________

What is It

Vulnerability Defined

Vulnerability is a state of being at risk. According

A ccording to Republic Act 10121
also known as ‘Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of
2010’, vulnerability is defined as the characteristics and circumstances of a
community, system or resource that make it susceptible to the damaging

effects of a hazard. With all the identified hazard at home, there is a

possibility that some family members might be susceptible or prone to the
accident due to the presence of hazard.

Vulnerability is also situation specific. This means that if a specific

province is prone to earthquake, it does not mean that all localities on that
province is vulnerable to it. The vulnerability of different towns or cities or
even provinces differ in the way they prepare for the hazard and the amount
and type of resources they have in order prevent and manage it. To lessen

vulnerability means to make the community prepared and ready for the
possible damaging
damaging effec
effectt of the hazard. This further means that to make the
community less vulnerable, it must be resilient. So, to develop resiliency at
home, you should first identify the hazards and be prepared all the time for
the possible outcome and respond immediately.

Moreover, it is also hazard specific. A community that is vulnerable to

earthquake hazard does not necessarily mean that it is also vulnerable to
typhoons. Hazards have different traits that can influence the disasters

possible to happen.

8
 What’s More

Direction: Read the story below and answer the questions that follow.

Nick and Gary who were neighbors are both students of Looc
National High School. Due to the forecasted typhoon the night before,
some waited for the announcement of classes suspension.
Unfortunately, there was no announcement. Nick decided to go to
school bringing his books, notebooks, and laboratory materials. On the
other hand, Gary also decided to go to school bringing not only his
books, notebooks, and laboratory materials but also flashlight, whistle,
whistle,
and some supplies of food and water. Due to bad weather, the school
janitor blocked off the entrances and exits because the grounds were
flooded. So, Nick and Gary were stranded in a covered court near the
school. Both were trying to call their family, but the signal’s down.

1. Who do you think is more vulnerable? Nick or Gary? Why do you

think so?
______________________
_________________________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
___________
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_

2. In the story presented about Nick and Gary, what were the actions
taken by one student that made him less vulnerable to flood? What
were the reasons why the other student became more vulnerable?
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
________________________
_______________________
__________
______________________
________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________________
___________

9
 What I Have Learned

Direction: Based on the story given in “What’s more” activity, answer the
Direction:
following questions briefly.

1. If you are going to base your definition of vulnerability on the story given, how
will you define it?
________________________________________
___________________ ________________________________________
________________________________
________________
___
________________________________________
___________________ ________________________________________
________________________________
________________
___
________________________________________
___________________ __________________________________________
___________________________________
______________

2. Based on the story given previously about Nick and Gary, describe what could
possibly happen. What have you realized from their story?
________________________________________
_____________________ _______________________________________
_________________________________
_______________
__
________________________________________
______________________ _______________________________________
___________________________________
______________
________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________
_______________

3. Could it be possible that both students are exposed to the same hazard, but
they can have different level of vulnerability? Explain how.
________________________________________
_____________________ _______________________________________
_________________________________
_______________
__
________________________________________
_____________________ _______________________________________
_________________________________
_______________
__
________________________________________
_____________________ _______________________________________
___________________________________
_______________

4. Based from the story, is vulnerability situation specific or hazard specific?

Explain.
________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________
_______________
__
________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________
_______________
__
________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________
______________
5. Cite your realization/s about the importance of knowing one’s capability,
strength, and exposure to hazards.
________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
________________________________
________________
___
________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
________________________________
________________
___
________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
________________________________
________________
___

10
 What I Can Do

a ctivity “What’s New” to answer

Direction: Consider your answer in the activity
the following questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. If you are going to consider all the hazards that you identified
identified in
the activity, do you think your place can be considered safe or
not? If yes explain
explain why. If not, wha
whatt else could be done to make
your place less
less vulnerable?
vulnerable?
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
________________________
_______________________
__________

2. With all the hazards that you have identified, who do you think
among your family members will be most affected? Explain your
answer.

______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
________________________
_______________________
__________

3. As a family, do you think all members have same level of

vulnerability in the hazards present in your house?
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
________________________
_______________________
__________

4. Give at least three factors that can affect the

t he vulnerability
vulnerability of your
family and your residence.
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_
______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_

______________________
________________________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
____________
_

11
 Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. A community with high level of vulnerability and high hazard has ___.
a. high disaster risk
b. low disaster risk
c. medium disaster risk
d. none of the above

2. Which of the following groups of people is more vulnerable to disasters?

a. men, boys, old people
b. men, women, boys
c. women, children, old people
d. none of the above

3. Which of the following factors does not help lessen the vulnerability of a
community?
a. preparedness of the community
b. presence of Disaster Risk Reduction Management Team
c. availability of health services and facilities in times of calamity
d. provisions of housing on areas that have fault lines in the vicinity

4. Which statement best describes vulnerability?

a. Vulnerability can cause the loss of life or injury, property damage.
b. Vulnerability is potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon, or
human activity.
c. Vulnerability can generate social and economic disruption or
environmental degradation.
d. Vulnerability is the susceptibility of an individual or a group of people on
the impact of natural hazard.

5. What is the main reason why there has been an overall increase in the
number of deaths related to natural hazards?
a. Less people lived in less vulnerable areas
b. Events are better documented today than in the past
p ast
c. The magnitudes
magnitudes of natur
natural
al hazard eve
events
nts are increasing
d. Human population are increasing in areas that are vulnerable

6. Which group belongs to the most vulnerable?

a. professionals
b. indigenous people
c. government officials
d. small entrepreneurs

12
7. It refers to the community’s ability to reduce vulnerability through
prevention,, mitigation,
prevention mitigation, response, and recovery.
a. hazard
b. disaster
c. resiliency
d. risk

8. It is a set of existing conditions, which badly affect the community’s

ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous
events.

a. disaster
b. disaster risk
c. hazard
d. vulnerability

9. What does the statement “Vulnerability is situation specific”

means?
a. vulnerability cannot be determined easily
b. not all communities are vulnerable to earthquake
c. it means that vulnerability depends in every individual
d. vulnerability of a certain community depends on the level of
preparedness

10. The following

following are characteristics
characteristics of a resilient
resilient c
community
ommunity
except___________.
a. ability to identify the hazards
b. ability to escape a specific event
c. ability to respond immediately after the disaster
d. ability to prepare all the time for the possible outcome

11. What are the three phases of disaster management planning for
vulnerable community to make it less susceptible?
a. planning, evacuating, and recovery
b. preparation, response, and recovery
c. evacuating, rebuilding, and recovery
d. preparation, planning, and perception

12. Risk is a situation where in a community is being exposed to

danger. What are the two factors that affect the risk level of a
community?
a. alert and alarm
b. hazard and threat
c. hazard and vulnerabil
vulnerability
ity
d. vulnerability and susceptibility

13
13. The following
following are involved
involved in Nati
National
onal Disaste
Disasterr Risk Reduction
Reduction
Management planning EXCEPT___________.
a. media
b. Catholic church
c. national government
d. local Government Units

14. Which is NOT a tool provided by the government to protect

vulnerable communities?
A. utilizing computer systems to determine risk levels
B. using research and studies to predict storms and floods
C. relocating natural disaster victims to more stable areas
D. congress funding Army corps of Engineers projects to build
bridges

15. Which can frequently be prevented and anticipated?

a. disasters
b. natural hazards
c. socio-economical
d. human-made hazard

14
 Additional Activitie
Activities
s

Direction: Write at least 300 words essay to describe the poster below. How
can you relate this to vulnerability? Refer to the rubrics for scoring in the next
page.

15
Rubrics for word essay

4 3 2 1
Understanding writing shows writing shows writing shows writing shows
of literature/ unusual strong, clear adequate little or no
texts insight understanding understanding understanding
understanding but may be of text
too general or
superficial

Word Choice fresh/vigoro

fresh/vigorous;
us; vivid/interesting; appropriate simple/vague;
contributes to attempt to but not appears to
"voice" __ very establish "voice" specific or lack "voice"
limited use of __ limited use of vivid; weak _excessive use
use
1st and 1stand "voice" __ of 1 and
st

2ndperson & 2nd person & "to weak attempt 2nd person &
"to be" verbs be" verbs to limit use of "to be" verbs
1st and
2nd person &
"to be" verbs
Sentence correct/varied
correct/varied correct, but sometimes frequent
Structure lacks variety incorrect & errors & lacks
lacks variety variety

Transitional
Transitional smooth & somewhat many not not used &/or
Devices effective; smooth & smooth & frequent
marked on generally some errors in errors in
draft effective; most usage; many usage; many
marked on draft not marked on not marked on
draft draft
Language very few (if few errors; several errors; numerous
Mechanics any) errors; generally well requires errors;
very well proofread additional appears not to
proofread proofreading have been
proofread

Taga Deped
Deped ThemeXpose
ThemeXpose, “RUBRIC ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR ESSAY WRITING”,
DepEd Tambayan, May 01,2019,
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RHSkR2W8lr0t98jBwyJ7FEZlZEDk_b0v/view

16
 Answer Key

D. 51 D. 51
D. 41 D. 41
B. 31 D. 31
C. 21 C. 21
B. 11 B. 11
B. 01 B. 01
D. 9 . sr eg na d D. 9
D. 8 r o dr az a h D. 8
C.7 g ni d ne p m i C.7
B.6 e ht r of er a per p B.6
D. 5 ot el ba t o n g ni e b A.5
D. 4 D. 4
D. 3 si ytili bar e n
klciuN
V .. 1
2 B.3
C.2 C.2
A.1 1 noss eL B.1

t ne mss ess A er o Ms' t a h W wo n KI t a h W

17
References

Bueza, Michael. “The Role of LGUs, Local Councils during Disaster”,

December 6, 2014. Accessed May 20, 2020.
https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/44026-role-lgu-local-councils-

disaster.
Campanero, Nida S., and Egargo, Veronica N. “Correlates of Vulnerability: A
Quantified Study of People’s Vulnerability on the Impact of Super Typhoon
Yolanda in Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines.” Imperial Journal of
Interdisciplinary Research 3, no. 9 (2017), Accessed May 20, 2020.pp
416–432.

Commission on Audit (COA), nd. Disaster Management practices in the

Philippines: An assessment. Philippines: Commission on Audit. Accessed
May 20, 2020.

GOVPH. “Executive Order No. 335, s. 1941: GOVPH.” April 1, 1941. Accessed
May 20, 2020. http://ww
http://www.officialgaz
w.officialgazette.gov.ph/194
ette.gov.ph/1941/04/01/exe
1/04/01/executive-
cutive-
order-no-335-s-1941/
order-no-335-s-1941/..
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (NDRRM). 2011. The
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP).
Philippines: NDRRMP, Department of Interior and Local Government
(DILG). Accessed May 20, 2020.

Republic Act No. 10121. Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Act of 2010. Manila, Philippines: Congress of the Philippines. Accessed
May 20, 2020. http://www.mdrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/
article/45/Republic_Act_10121.pdf

18
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please write o r call:

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Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.p

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