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Physics 1 - LESSON 3 (Mid - Fall 24)

The document summarizes key concepts and examples from a textbook chapter on projectile motion: 1) It provides the answers to 5 sample problems involving calculating projectile motion based on given initial velocities, angles, distances, and other variables. The problems calculate values like time in air, horizontal distance, impact velocity components. 2) It then presents 3 additional practice problems from the chapter for the reader to work through involving calculating distances and speeds for objects like darts and tennis balls in projectile motion. 3) The summary concludes by noting the document transitions to introducing the next chapter which covers concepts in forces and motion.

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Muhammad Zayed
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29 views9 pages

Physics 1 - LESSON 3 (Mid - Fall 24)

The document summarizes key concepts and examples from a textbook chapter on projectile motion: 1) It provides the answers to 5 sample problems involving calculating projectile motion based on given initial velocities, angles, distances, and other variables. The problems calculate values like time in air, horizontal distance, impact velocity components. 2) It then presents 3 additional practice problems from the chapter for the reader to work through involving calculating distances and speeds for objects like darts and tennis balls in projectile motion. 3) The summary concludes by noting the document transitions to introducing the next chapter which covers concepts in forces and motion.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Zayed
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BOOK CHAPTER 4

LESSON 3 (Projectile Motion)


Problem 23 (Book chapter 4): 𝑣0 = 250 𝑚/𝑠 and 𝜃0 = 00
A projectile is fired horizontally from
a gun that is 45.0 m above flat
ground, emerging from the gun with
a speed of 250 m/s. (a) How long
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = −45 𝑚
does the projectile remain in the air?
(b) At what horizontal distance from
the firing point does it strike the
𝑥0 𝑥
ground? (c) What is the magnitude
of the vertical component of its
velocity as it strikes the ground? (b) We know 𝑥 − 𝑥0 = (𝑣0 cos 𝜃0 ) 𝑡
Answer: (a) We know
1 2 𝑥 − 𝑥0 = (250)(cos 00 ) (3.03)
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = (𝑣0 sin 𝜃0 ) 𝑡 − 𝑔𝑡
2
−45 = (𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 00 ) 𝑡 − 4.9𝑡 2 𝑥 − 𝑥0 = (250)(1)(3.03)
−45 = 0 − 4.9𝑡 2
𝑥 − 𝑥0 = 757.50 𝑚
45
𝑡= = 3.03 𝑠
4.9
(c) We know 𝑣𝑦 = 𝑣0 sin 𝜃0 − 𝑔𝑡
𝑣𝑦 = 250(sin 00 ) − (9.8) (3.03)
𝑣𝑦 = 0 − (9.8) (3.03)
𝑣𝑦 = −29.69 m/s
The magnitude of 𝑣𝑦 is 29.69 m/s
Problem 25 (Book chapter 4):
The current world-record motorcycle jump is 77.0 m, set by Jason Renie.
Assume that he left the take-off ramp at 12.0º to the horizontal and that the
take-off and landing heights are the same. Neglecting air drag, determine
his take-off speed. 𝑦
Answer:
Since the take-off and landing heights are the same, 𝑣Ԧ0
that is 𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 0, we can use the formula
𝜃0 = 120
𝑣02 sin 2𝜃0 𝑅𝑔 𝑥
𝑅= 𝑜𝑟 𝑣0 = 𝑅 = 𝑥 − 𝑥0 = 77 𝑚
𝑔 sin 2𝜃0
(77)(9.8) 754.6
𝑜𝑟 𝑣0 = 𝑣0 = = 43.07 𝑚/𝑠
sin 240 0.4067
Problem 30 (Book chapter 4):
A soccer ball is kicked from the ground with an initial speed of 19.5 m/s at an
upward angle of 45°. A player 55 m away in the direction of the kick starts
running to meet the ball at that instant. What must be his average speed if he
is to meet the ball just before it hits the ground?
𝑦
Answer: Here, 𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 0 𝑣Ԧ0
We use the following formula to find the
time of flight of the ball. 𝜃0 = 450
1 2 𝑥 − 𝑥0 𝑥
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = (𝑣0 sin 𝜃0 ) 𝑡 − 𝑔𝑡
2
55 𝑚
0 = 19.5 (sin 450 ) 𝑡 − 4.9 𝑡 2
2 We need to find 𝑥 − 𝑥0 𝑡𝑜 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
19.5 (0.707) 𝑡 = 4.9 𝑡 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟.
13.787
𝑡= = 2.81 𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑥0 = (𝑣0 cos 𝜃0 ) 𝑡 = (19.5)(cos 450 )(2.81)
4.9
The player must take the time 𝑥 − 𝑥0 = 38.74 𝑚
2.81 s to meet the ball.
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟 55 − 38.74
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟 = = = 5.786 m/s
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟 2.81
Problem 32 (Book chapter 4):
You throw a ball toward a wall at speed 25.0 m/s and at angle 40.0° above the
horizontal (as shown in the figure). The wall is distance d= 22.0 m from the release
point of the ball. (a) How far above the release point does the ball hit the wall? What
are the (b) horizontal and (c) vertical components of its velocity as it hits the wall?
(d) When it hits, has it passed the highest point on its trajectory?

Answer: (a) We know 1


𝑦 − 𝑦0 = (𝑣0 sin 𝜃0 ) 𝑡 − 𝑔𝑡 2
2
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = (25)(sin 400 ) 𝑡 − 4.9 𝑡 2

𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 25 0.6428 𝑡 − 4.9 𝑡 2
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 16.07𝑡 − 4.9 𝑡 2
To find t we use the following formula,
Given 𝑣0 = 25 𝑚/𝑠 ; 𝜃0 = 400
𝑥 − 𝑥0 = (𝑣0 cos 𝜃0 ) 𝑡
𝑥 − 𝑥0 = 𝑑 = 22 𝑚
𝑥 − 𝑥0 22 22
𝑡= = = 𝑎 𝑦 − 𝑦0 =? 𝑏 𝑣𝑥 =? 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 𝑣𝑦 =?
𝑣0 cos 𝜃0 25 𝑐𝑜𝑠400 (25)(0.7660)
𝑑 𝐷𝑖𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡?
𝑡 = 1.149 𝑠
Therefore,
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 16.07 1.149 − 4.9 1.149 2 = 18.46 − 6.469 = 11.99 𝑚
(b) We know 𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣0𝑥 = 𝑣0 cos 𝜃0 = 25 cos 400 = 25 0.766 = 19.15 𝑚/𝑠

(c) We know 𝑣𝑦 = 𝑣0 sin 𝜃0 − 𝑔𝑡 = 25 sin 400 − (9.8)(1.149)

𝑣𝑦 = 25 0.6428 − 11.26 = 4.81 m/s

(d) Since 𝑣𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑠, 𝑣𝑦 > 0, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑑 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡
𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙.
Let’s Practice !!
1. [Chap 4 - problem 21]: A dart is thrown horizontally with an initial speed of 10 m/s
toward point P, the bull’s-eye on a dart board. It hits at point Q on the rim, vertically
below P, 0.19 s later. (a)What is the distance PQ? (b) How far away from the dart
board is the dart?
2. [Chap 4 - problem 24]: In the 1991 World Track and Field Championships in Tokyo,
Mike Powell jumped 8.95 m, breaking by a full 5 cm the 23-year long-jump record
set by Bob Beamon. Assume that Powell’s speed on takeoff was 9.5 m/s (about
equal to that of a sprinter) and that g = 9.80 m/s2 in Tokyo. How much less was
Powell’s range than the maximum possible range for a particle launched at the
same speed?
3. [Chap 4 - problem 29]: A projectile’s launch speed is five times its speed at
maximum height. Find launch angle 𝜽𝟎 .
4. [Chap 4 - problem 36]: During a tennis match, a player serves the ball at 23.6 m/s,
with the center of the ball leaving the racquet horizontally 2.37 m above the court
surface. The net is 12 m away and 0.90 m high. When the ball reaches the net, (a)
does the ball clear it and (b) what is the distance between the center of the ball and
the top of the net? Suppose that, instead, the ball is served as before but now it
leaves the racquet at 5.00° below the horizontal. When the ball reaches the net, (c)
does the ball clear it and (d) what now is the distance between the center of the ball
and the top of the net?
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BOOK CHAPTER 5

(FORCE AND MOTION-1)


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