SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES 2011[1]

ENG2091 Advanced Engineering Mathematics A

2011[1] Assignment 1 Marking Scheme

Due date: Support Class in Week 5 (beginning on Monday 28th March)
(This assignment contributes 6% towards the final assessment of the unit. Mark out of 60)

1.

Consider a scalar field T ( x, y ) = (a)

4x y . 4x2 + y 2

Total: 13 marks
5 marks (5 x @1 for each case)

Find equations of the level curves for T = 1, 1 ,0, 1 ,1 . 2 2

T = 1 4 x y (4 x 2 + y 2 ) = 0

(x m 1 )2 + ( y 1 )2 2 2

( )
5 4

( )
5 2
5 4

= 1,
5 2

These two are ellipses with centers at ( 1 ,m 1 ), a = 2 2

2

,b=
2

(x m 1) + ( y 1) = 1 , 1 1 T = 4 x y (4 x 2 + y 2 ) = 0 2 2 5 2 2 5

( )
2

( )

These two are ellipses with centers at (1,m1), a = 2, b = 5 .

T = 0 4x y = 0 . This is a straight line y = 4 x passing through the origin with slope 4.

(b)

Sketch these level curves on the x-y plane

y
3

5 marks (5 x @1 for each curve drawn)

T=0
2

T = T = 1
1 2 3

-3

-2

-1 -1

T= T=1
Level curves: T = 1, 1 ,0, 1 ,1 2 2

-2

-3

Assignmnet 1 Anthony Lun

3/4/2011

Page 1 of 5

(c)

Write down the general formula of the level curves of T ( x, y ) .

The level curves c 0 , T = c of T ( x, y ) are ellipses:

(x 21c )2 ( y + 21c )2

5 5 centre at ( 21c , 21c ), a = 4 c , b = 2 c ; when c = 0 , T = 0 is a straight line y = 4 x with slope 4 passing through the origin. 3 marks (2 for general equation for ellipses and 1 for

( )
5 4c

( )
5 2c

= 1 with

location and orientation of ellipse) .

2.

Consider a vector field V ( x, y ) = (a) (b)

y 2 i + 3x j Total: 12 marks . 4 Find the vector V ( x, y ) at the points ( x, y ) = (2,1), (2,1), (2,1), (2,1) .

Sketch the vector field V on the x-y plane at the points listed above in Part (a).
4 marks (4 x @1 for each vector and each arrow)

V ( 2, 1) =

i 6j i 6j , V ( 2,1) = , 4 4 i+6j i+6j . , V (2 ,1) = V (2, 1) = 4 4

Find the differential equation(s) of the field lines for the vector field V , and then solve them to obtain a general expression for the field lines.

(c)

(d)

Write down the equation of the field line that passes through the point

(2,1) , and then sketch it on the x-y plane.

The field lines are given by the equation:

8 marks (2 for the d.e., 2 for the solution, 2 for the constant; and 2 for the diagram)

dy 3x . = dx y 2

5 4

The differential equation is separable: y 3 3x 2 c y 2 dy = 3xdx = 3 2 3 2 (3x ) + c y3 = 2 where c is a constant. At (2,1) : 1 = c + 18 c = 17

y
3

3 2 1

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5

(3x )2 17. =
2

Note that a field line is by definition a continuous curve. If students sketch the right side of the x-y plane only, give them full mark also.

Assignmnet 1 Anthony Lun

3/4/2011

Page 2 of 5

3.

(a)

Consider the left-handed spiral

r (t ) = (t cos t i t sin t j + tk )

Total: 17 marks

from t = 0 to 3. Use a graphic device, or otherwise, sketch the curve and then find its length.
r (0 ) = (0,0,0 ) ; r (3) = ( 3 ,0,3 ) ,

l = 0 r (t ) r (t ) dt = 2 + 2 t 2 dt
0 3

= 1 t 2 + 2 t 2 + ln t + 2 + 2 t 2 2
2

= 3 2 + 9 1 ln 2 + ln 3 + 2 + 9 2 2 2 ( 47.506)

3 0

6 marks (1 for the tangent vector , 3 for the length, and 2 for the sketch)

(b)

Consider the right-circular cone S: z = x 2 + y 2 with x 2 + y 2 4 . (i) Write down the parametric form r (s,t ) of S with s = x , t = y .
r ( s, t ) = s i + t j + s 2 + t 2 k .
1 mark

(ii) Write down the space curves r (1,t ) and r (s,1) .

r (1, t ) = i + t j + 1 + t 2 k

r ( s,1) = s i + j + s 2 + 1 k

3 marks (1 for each curve and 1 for identifying they are hyperbolas )

These 2 curves are branches of hyperbolas formed when vertical planes: x = 1 and y = 1 intersect the cone S, respectively.
r (1,1) r (1,1) , at the point 1,1, 2 on S. s t

(iii) Find the tangent vectors

r (1,1) s 1 = i + k = i + k 2 2 s 2 s +t (1,1) 1 r (1,1) t k = j + k = j+ 2 2 t 2 s + t (1,1)

2 marks(2 x @1)

(iv) Using Part (b)(iii) above, find a normal vector to S at 1,1, 2 .

Assignmnet 1 Anthony Lun

3/4/2011

Page 3 of 5

1 mark

i j r (1,1) r (1,1) n= =1 0 s t 0 1 = 1 1 i j+k 2 2

k
1 2 1 2

(v) Find the tangent plane to S at 1,1, 2 .

n (r r0 ) = 0 , where r0 = 1,1, 2

1 2

(x 1) 12 ( y 1) + (z

2 =0

x+ y 2z =0
4 marks (2 for the equation of the plane, 1 for sketch of the cone and 1 for sketch of the plane)

4. Given a scalar field f ( x, y, z ) = xyz , a point P0 = P0 (1,2,3) , and a vector

u = [2,0,1] ;

Total: 7 marks

(a)

Find grad f (denoted also by f ).

f = yz i + xz j + xy k
(b)

2 marks

Find the directional derivative Du f of f at the point P0 in the direction of vector u .

u=
1 5

Du f (P ) = (f u )(P ) = (f = =
1 5

( 2i + k )

3 marks (1 for unit normal vector and 2 for directional derivative)

1 5

(2,0,1))( P )

( 2 yz + xy )(1,2,3) 1 y (x 2 z )(1,2,3) 5

= 2 5
(c) What is the direction of the greatest decrease of the scalar field f at P0

f ( P0 ) = ( yz i + xz j + xy k )(1,2,3) = [6,3,2]

2 (accept unit vector or positive multiple of it)

Assignmnet 1 Anthony Lun

3/4/2011

Page 4 of 5

5. Given an inverse square force field

r (x i + y j + z k ) , where F ( x, y , z ) = r3 r = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 is the distance of the point P = P( x, y, z ) from the origin.

r (a) Write down the x-, y-, z- components of F ( x, y, z ) . r F1 = rx3 , F2 = ry3 , F3 = rz3 ; F = [F1 , F2 , F3 ], r 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 .
(b) Find the partial derivatives

Total: 11 marks

1.5 marks (3 x @0.5)

of each of the components of the , , x y z

4.5 marks (9 x @0.5 )

inverse square force field V ( x, y, z ) .

F1 F1 1 3x x 1 3 x 2 3x y 3xy = 4 = 5 , = 3 4 = 3 5 , y x r r r r r r r r F2 3y x 3 xy F2 1 3 y y 1 3 y 2 = 4 = 5 , , = = x y r 3 r 4 r r 3 r 5 r r r F3 F3 3z x 3xz F3 3z y 3 yz = 4 = 5 , = 4 = 5 , = y x z r r r r r r

F1 3x z 3 xz = 4 = 5 ; z r r r F2 3y z 3 yz = 4 = 5 ; z r r r 1 3z z 1 3z 2 . = r3 r4 r r3 r5

(c)

s Calculate the divergence and curl of the vector field F ( x, y, z ) .

r F1 F2 F3 3 3 x 2 + y 2 + z 2 3 3 F = + + = 3 = 3 3 = 0. 5 x y z r r r r

Zero divergence means no net outflow of force on any closed surface that do not enclose the origin.
i r F = x F1 j y F2 k z F3
5 marks (1 for div and 2 for curl and 1 for each explanation)

F F F F F F = 3 2 i 3 1 j + 2 1 k y y z x z x 3 yz 3 yz 3 xz 3xz 3 xy 3xy = 5 + 5 i 5 + 5 j + 5 + 5 k r r r r r r =0

Zero curl means no net circulation of force on any open surface.

Assignmnet 1 Anthony Lun

3/4/2011

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