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07 Base Point and Participation Factor

This document discusses the base point and participation factor method for solving the economic dispatch problem of moving generators to a new optimal operating point as load changes. It provides the steps as: 1) Start from a given base schedule 2) Assume a small load change and calculate how much each generator must change output ("participate") to serve the new load economically 3) The participation factor formula relates a generator's cost curve to its change in output for a given system load change 4) An example problem is given to calculate the new dispatch using participation factors when load increases from 850MW to 900MW for three generators with given cost curves.

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654 views10 pages

07 Base Point and Participation Factor

This document discusses the base point and participation factor method for solving the economic dispatch problem of moving generators to a new optimal operating point as load changes. It provides the steps as: 1) Start from a given base schedule 2) Assume a small load change and calculate how much each generator must change output ("participate") to serve the new load economically 3) The participation factor formula relates a generator's cost curve to its change in output for a given system load change 4) An example problem is given to calculate the new dispatch using participation factors when load increases from 850MW to 900MW for three generators with given cost curves.

Uploaded by

thiyagusuper
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Base Point and Participation

Factor
Assumption
• Economic dispatch problem has to be
solved repeatedly by moving the
generators from one economic optimum
schedule to another as the load changes
by a reasonably small amount.
Steps Involved
• Start from a given schedule-the base
point.
• Next, the scheduler assumes a load
change and investigates how much each
generating unit needs to be moved (i.e.,
“participate” in the load change) in order
that the new load be served at the most
economic operating point.
• Assume that both the first and second
derivatives in the cost versus power output
function are available (i.e., both F’ and F’’
exist).
• As the unit load is changed by an amount
∆Pi, the system incremental cost moves
from λ0 to λ0 + ∆λ.
• For a small change in power output on this
single unit
• The total change in generation (=change
in total system demand) is, of course, the
sum of the individual unit changes.
• Let PD be the total demand on the
generators (where PD = PLoad + PLoss), then
• The earlier equation, can be used to find
the participation factor for each unit as
follows.
Problems
• The fuel cost equation of 3 generators are as follows:
F1(P1) = 561 + 7.92P1 + 0.001562P12 $/Hr
600 ≤ P1≤ 150 MW
F2(P2) = 310 + 7.85P2 + 0.001942P22 $/Hr
400 ≤ P2≤ 100 MW
F3(P3) = 78 + 7.97P3 + 0.00492P32 $/Hr
200 ≤ P3≤ 50 MW
• Determine the economic operating point for these three
units when delivering a total load of 850 MW. Starting
from the optimal economic solution, use the participation
factor method to calculate the dispatch for a total load of
900 MW.
Solution
Using Participation Factor Formula
Base Value New Value

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