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Lecture 2

This document discusses various network performance measures including download speed, upload speed, latency, ping, and jitter. It defines each measure and provides details on how they impact user experience. Download speed determines how fast a user can receive data, while upload speed is how fast they can send data. Latency refers to the response time of the network and is important for applications like gaming. Ping and jitter also relate to latency and response times, with ping measuring average latency and jitter referring to latency fluctuations over time. The document also discusses ways to potentially fix issues like high ping or jitter.

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11 views

Lecture 2

This document discusses various network performance measures including download speed, upload speed, latency, ping, and jitter. It defines each measure and provides details on how they impact user experience. Download speed determines how fast a user can receive data, while upload speed is how fast they can send data. Latency refers to the response time of the network and is important for applications like gaming. Ping and jitter also relate to latency and response times, with ping measuring average latency and jitter referring to latency fluctuations over time. The document also discusses ways to potentially fix issues like high ping or jitter.

Uploaded by

owronrawan74
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Networks Fundemantals 1

Lecture 2 Network Performance Measures

Download speed
Download determines how fast your network connection can get data from the test network.

This is important when downloading large files such as updates for applications or streaming

video services. Download speed is tested by downloading files of various sizes. The number

should represents the average download measurements and not the absolute maximum. So,

it is indicative of how fast you can download files such as games (GTA V is almost 100 GB

to download!) or the maximum quality that you can stream video on (lower download speed

means you have to use a lower resolution to get continuous playback), mainly measured in

Mbps (mega bits per second).

Upload speed
Upload determines how fast your network connection can transfer data to the test network.

This is especially important for applications such as FTP or if you are the source for a live

video stream. Upload speed is tested by uploading files of various sizes. The number

represents the average of all upload measurements and not the absolute maximum.

Upload is the opposite of download: you send data from your PC to the Internet. This metric

is more important nowadays with many people working from home: it directly affects live

video conferencing. A faster upload speed means your microphone and video feed can be

of higher quality, meaning people can see and hear you more clearly on videoconferences,
Networks Fundemantals 2
Lecture 2 Network Performance Measures

smoother gaming experience, faster file upload speed to google drive or email or even

YouTube.

Latency , Ping and Jitter


Latency is the time it takes a piece of data to travel from your computer to the testing

network and back. It is especially important for applications such as gaming, where you

want to be as up-to-date as possible. Lower latency is better.

In simple terms, latency is the reaction speed of your internet connection, i.e. the time it

takes for data to travel from your device to the server. It is important to note that latency is

dependent on the quality of your internet connection, rather than the speed.

Latency is often confused with lag, and while they don’t mean the same thing, the two have

a cause-and-effect relationship. Lag is the delay in arrival of a packet from its source to the

destination. In gameplay, this means a delay between pressing a command button and the

game responding on-screen.

So, if you have high latency rates then you will experience lag. High latency rates can

therefore be detrimental to gameplay, particularly during first-person shooter games where

commands need to take place immediately and precisely.

So What is ping?

Ping is the unit used to measure latency, as an average time in milliseconds. Your network

uses ping rates to conduct tests on a regular basis. The time it takes for the ping messages

to travel from origin to destination is used to measure latency.


Networks Fundemantals 3
Lecture 2 Network Performance Measures

Latency and ping are often used interchangeably, although they are subtly different. While

ping refers to the signal sent from the device to the server, latency is the time it takes for

the ping to return to the device.

Nevertheless, ping rate and latency are both used to refer to the amount of time it takes for

an information packet to travel from point A to point B (or from your device to your server).

Low ping rates are therefore ideal for gameplay, as they reduce lag and improve smoothness

of play.

How do I fix high ping?

High ping is not only caused by low bandwidth but can also be caused by the structure of

your network. High latency (or high ping) can be caused by a number of things, from the

physical distance between devices and network to outdated hardware.

If you feel as though you are experiencing wireless interference while gaming, you can try

using an ethernet cable to stabilize the connection. If an ethernet cable doesn’t fix the

problem, it is likely your ISP cannot meet the necessary requirements for your gaming needs.

All the above can be applied to a local network measurements.

Arguably, the most important factor affecting latency and ping rates is the quality of your

ISP. If you’re using your network primarily for gaming, you need a network provider that

can guarantee network stability and low ping rates.


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Lecture 2 Network Performance Measures

It is important to emphasize that the quality of your connection resides above speed. Internet

speed will allow for faster download speed and can improve the efficiency of gameplay, but

ultimately you want an ISP that prioritizes quality of service. You need a network that won’t

be affected if someone else is streaming content and ultimately a network that won’t lag or

jitter.

So, what is Jitter?

Although median latency is important, it only paints half the picture. Latency can go up and

down from time to time, which is especially noticeable in applications such as gaming or

streaming. Jitter gives you insight into how much variation we see in the latency

measurements. It's calculated as the average distance between consecutive latency

measurements. Lower jitter is better.

Jitter is the rate at which ping changes over a period of time . ‘Jittering’ is essentially the

fluctuation or variation of latency over time. Simply put, if every information packet takes

the same amount of time to travel from point A to point B, then there is no jitter. However,

if the packet delivery times are inconsistent, then there is ‘jitter’.

How to fix jitter?

Since jitter is caused by inconsistent latency time of information packets, jitter can be

eliminated by lowering your latency rates. Again, the most effective way to improve this is
Networks Fundemantals 5
Lecture 2 Network Performance Measures

by changing to an ISP that offers a high-quality connection, suitable for both streaming and

gaming, or upgrading the network quality.

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