d 1 Write the expression.

d (−4) 3
2 Write in expanded form. = −4 × −4 × −4
3 Simplify, taking careful note of the negative = −6 4
sign.

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Exercise 1.2 Review of index laws

Individual pathways

VV PRACTISE VV CONSOLIDATE VV MASTER

Questions: Questions: Questions:
1a–f, 2a–f, 3a–f, 4a–f, 6, 7a–f, 1d–i, 2d–i, 3a–f, 4e–l, 6, 7a–f, 1d–l, 2d–l, 3, 4d–o, 5, 6, 7d–i, 8–16
9, 10 9–11, 15

   Individual pathway interactivity: int-4562 ONLINE ONLY

To answer questions online and to receive immediate feedback and sample responses for every question,
go to your learnON title at www.jacplus.com.au. Note: Question numbers may vary slightly.
Fluency
1. WE1a, b Simplify each of the following.
a. a3 × a4 b. a2 × a3 × a c. b × b5 × b2
d. ab2 × a3b5 e. m2n6 × m3n7 f. a2b5c × a3b2c2
g. mnp × m5n3p4 h. 2a × 3ab i. 4a2b3 × 5a2b × 2b5
1

j. 3m3 × 2mn2 × 6m4n5 k. 4x2 × 2xy3 × 6x3y3 l. 2x3y2 × 4x × 12x4y4

1

2. WE1c Simplify each of the following.

a. a4 ÷ a3 b. a7 ÷ a2 c. b6 ÷ b3
4a7 21b6 48m8
d. e. f.
3a3 7b2 12m3
m7n3 2x4y3
g. h. i. 6x7y ÷ 8x4
m4n2 4x4y
20m5n3p4 14x3y4z2
j. 7ab5c4 ÷ ab2c4 k. l.
16m3n3p2 28x2y2z2
3. WE2 Simplify each of the following.
a. a0 b. (2b) 0 c. (3m2) 0
d. 3x0 e. 4b0 f. −3 × (2n) 0

(4)
g. 4a0 − a 0 h. 5y0 − 12 i. 5x0 − (5xy2) 0

4 Jacaranda Maths Quest 10 + 10A

 4. WE3 Simplify each of the following.

(3)
m2 4
a. (a2) 3 b. (2a5) 4 c.

( 3 )
2n4 2
d. e. (a2b) 3 f. (3a3b2) 2

( 4 ) ( b3 )
3m2n 3 a2 2
g. (2m3n5) 4 h. i.

( n2 ) (2y5) (5b3)
5m3 4 7x 3 3a 4
j. k. l.

m. (−3) 5 n. (−7) 2 o. (−2) 5

5. MC a. 2m10n5 is the simplified form of:

( n3 )
6m10n4 2m5 2
a. m5n3 × 2m4n2 b. c. (2m5n2) 2 d. 2n(m5) 2 × n4 e.
3n
b. The value of 4 − (5a) is:
0

a. −1 b. 9 c. 1 d. 3 e. 5
6. MC a. 4a b × b × 5a b simplifies to:
3 4 2 3

a. 9a5b8 b. 20a5b7 c. 20a5b8 d. 9a5b7 e. 21a5b8

15x9 × 3x6
b. simplifies to:
9x10 × x4
a. 5x9 b. 9x c. 5x29 d. 9x9 e. 5x

3p7 × 8q9
c. simplifies to:
12p3 × 4q5
p4q4 q4 p4q4 q4
a. 2q4 b. c. d. e.
2 2 24 24
7a5b3 7b3a2
d. ÷ simplifies to:
5a6b2 5b5a4
49a3b 25a3b 25ab3
a. b. c. a3b d. ab3 e.
25 49 49
Understanding
7. Evaluate each of the following.
a. 23 × 22 × 2 b. 2 × 32 × 22 c. (52) 2
35 × 46
(5)
3 3
d. e. (23 × 5) 2 f.
34 × 44
44 × 56
g. h. (33 × 24) 0 i. 4(52 × 35) 0
43 × 55
8. Simplify each of the following.
a. (xy) 3z b. ab × (pq) 0 c. ma × nb × (mn) 0

( b3 )
n3m2
d.
a2 x e. p q f. (am + n) p
nm
Reasoning
9. Explain why a3 × a2 = a5 and not a6.
10. Is 2x ever the same as x2? Explain your reasoning using examples.
11. Explain the difference between 3x0 and (3x) 0.

TOPIC 1 Indices 5
Answers
TOPIC 1 Indices
Exercise 1.2 Review of index laws
1. a. a7 b. a6 c. b8 d. a4b7 e. m5n13 f. a5b7c3
6 4 5 2 4 9 8 7 6 6
g. m n p h. 6a b i. 10a b j. 36m n k. 12x y l. 4x8y6
4
2. a. a b. a5 c. b3 d. a4 e. 3b4 f. 4m5
3
1 3 5 1
g. m3n h. y2 i. x3y j. 7b3 k. m2p2 l. xy2
2 4 4 2
3. a. 1 b. 1 c. 1 d. 3 e. 4 f. −3
g. 3 h. −7 i. 4
1 4
4. a. a6 b. 16a20 c. m8 d. n8 e. a6b3 f. 9a6b4
81 9
27 6 3 a4 625m12 343x3 81a4
g. 16m12n20 h. mn i. j. k. l.
64 b6 n8 8y15 625b12
m. −243 n. 49 o. −32
5. a. D b. D
6. a. C b. E c. B d. D
27
7. a. 64 b. 72 c. 625 d. 48 e. 1600 f.
125
g. 20 h. 1 i. 4
a2x
8. a. x 3yz
b. a b
c. manb d. e. n3−pm2−q f. amp + np
b3x
9. a =a × a × a
3

a2 = a × a
a3 × a2 = a × a × a × a × a
= a5, not a6
Explanations will vary.
10. They are equal when x = 2. Explanations will vary.
11. 3x0 = 3 and (3x) 0 = 1. Explanations will vary.
12. a, b

a 0 1 2 3
3a2 0 3 12 27

5a 0 5 10 15
3a2 + 5a 0 8 22 42
3a2 × 5a 0 15 120 405

c 3a2 × 5a will become much larger than 3a2 + 5a.

13. x = −2 or 4
14. 1 ≡ 1 2 ≡ 10 3 ≡ 11 4 ≡ 100 5 ≡ 101 6 ≡ 110
7 ≡ 111 8 ≡ 1000 9 ≡ 1001 10 ≡ 1010
15. a. x = 4 b. x = 0, 2
16. a. a2bc7
b. The student made a mistake when multiplying the two brackets in line 3. Individual brackets should be expanded first.
Challenge 1.1
1.08 seconds

Exercise 1.3 Negative indices

1 1 2 4 3x2 1
1. a. b. c. d. e. f.
4 9 3
5
x y a 5a y3 4m3n4
6a3 2a4 7b3 2m3a2
g. h. a6 i. j. 2ab2 k. l.
bc5 3 2a4 3b4n5

26 Jacaranda Maths Quest 10 + 10A