Laboratory Manual

Subject Name: CMP05104 Computer Engineering Workshop

Student Name

Reg. No.
Date

MAPPING OF LAB TO CLOs & PLOs

CLO 1: Describe architecture, hardware, and

Criteria

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor

Understanding Skilful Very good Good ability to Some ability Minimal ability
engineering ability to ability to understand to understand to understand
problem understand understand given given given
given given engineering engineering engineering
engineering engineering problem problem problem
problem problem
Applying Skilful Very good Good ability to Some ability Minimal ability
knowledge of ability to ability to apply apply previous to apply to apply
Computer apply previous knowledge of previous previous
Workshop to previous knowledge of mathematics to knowledge of knowledge of
engineering knowledge mathematics to engineering mathematics mathematics to
problem of engineering problems to to engineering
mathematics problems to solve the engineering problems to
to solve the problem problems to solve the
engineering problem solve the problem
problems to problem
solve the
problem
Producing Skilful Very good Good ability to Some ability Minimal ability
solution of ability to ability to produce to produce to produce
engineering produce produce accurate accurate accurate
problem accurate accurate solution of solution of solution of
solution of solution of engineering engineering engineering
engineering engineering problem problem problem
problem problem
Lab no 01: Familiarization of Computer system and components
Objective:

• Computer System
• Components
Computer
A computer is a machine in many ways like other machines. It runs on electricity. It
contains several parts that work together. It is designed to perform certain tasks.

A computer is an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form,
according to instructions given to it in a variable program.
A computer is a programmable device that stores, retrieves, and processes data. The term
"computer" was originally given to humans (human computers) who performed numerical
calculations using mechanical calculators, such as the abacus and slide rule. The term was later
given to a mechanical device as they began replacing the human computers.
Brief History of the Computer:
The computer as we know it today had its beginning with a 19th century English mathematics
professor name Charles Babbage. He designed the Analytical Engine, and it was this design
that the basic framework of the computers of today are based on. Computers can be classified
into three generations. Each generation lasted
for a certain period, and each gave us either a new and improved computer or an improvement
to the existing computer
First generation: 1937 1946 - In 1937 the first electronic digital computer was built by Dr.
John V. Atanasoff and Clifford Berry. It was called the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC). In
1943 an electronic computer name the Colossus was built for the military. Other developments
continued until in 1946 the first general purpose digital computer, the Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) was built.
Second generation: 1947 1962 - This generation of computers used transistors instead of
vacuum tubes which were more reliable. In 1951 the first computer for commercial use was
introduced to the public; the Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC 1). In 1953 the
International Business Machine (IBM) 650 and 700 series computers made their mark in the
computer world. During this generation of computers over 100 computer programming
languages were developed, computers had memory and operating systems. Storage media such
as tape and disk were in use also were printers for output.
Third generation: 1963 - present - The invention of integrated circuit brought us the third
generation of computers. With this invention computers became smaller, more powerful more
reliable and they can run many different programs at the same time. In1980 Microsoft
Disk Operating System (MS-Dos) was born and in 1981 IBM introduced the personal computer
(PC) for home and office use. Three years later Apple gave us the Macintosh computer with its
icon driven interface and the 90s gave us Windows operating system.
As a result of the various improvements to the development of the computer we have seen the
computer being used in all areas of life. It is a very useful tool that will continue to experience
new development as time passes.
Types of Computers
Since the advent of the first computer different types and sizes of computers are offering
different services. Computers can be as big as occupying a large building and as small as a
laptop or a microcontroller in mobile & embedded systems.
The four basic types of computers are as under:
1. Supercomputer
2. Mainframe Computer
3. Minicomputer
4. Microcomputer
Supercomputer
The most powerful computers in terms of performance and data processing are the
Supercomputers. These are specialized and task specific computers used by large
organizations. These computers are used for research and exploration purposes, like NASA
uses supercomputers for launching space shuttles, controlling them and for space exploration
purpose. The supercomputers are very expensive and very large in size. It can be
accommodated in large, air-conditioned rooms; some super computers can span an entire
building.
Mainframe Computer
Although Mainframes are not as powerful as supercomputers, but certainly they are quite
expensive nonetheless, and many large firms & government organizations uses Mainframes to
run their business operations. The Mainframe computers can be accommodated in large air-
conditioned rooms because of its size. Super-computers are the fastest computers with large
data storage capacity, Mainframes can also process & store large amount of data. Banks
educational institutions & insurance companies use mainframe computers to store data about
their customers, students & insurance policy holders.
Minicomputer
Minicomputers are used by small businesses & firms. These computers
are not designed for a single user. Individual departments of a large company or organizations
use Minicomputers for specific purposes. For example, a production department can use
Minicomputers for monitoring certain production process.
Microcomputer
Desktop computers, laptops, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablets & smartphones are all
types of microcomputers. The micro-computers are widely used & the fastest growing
computers.
These computers are the cheapest among the other three types of computers. The Micro-
computers are specially designed for general usage like entertainment, education and work
purposes. Well known manufacturers of Micro-computer are Dell, Apple, Samsung, Sony &
Toshiba. Desktop computers, Gaming consoles, Sound & Navigation system of a car,
Netbooks.
COMPONENTS/PARTS OF THE COMPUTER
A computer is an electronic machine that processes data. Information given to the computer is
called data. Computer works very fast. It saves your time and energy. It does not make
mistakes. It can remember a lot of things
The basic parts of a computer system are:

• Monitor
• System Unit
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Speakers

Figure 1.1: Main Parts of the computer systems

Figure 1.2: Parts of a computer showing system unit internal components

Keyboard
Mouse
The mouse is a pointing device. You can give input to the computer with the help of the
mouse. More information of computer mouse

Mouse
Joystick:
A joystick makes computer games a lot more fun. When it is moved, it passes information to
the computer.

Joystick
Microphone
A microphone is the mike that can be attached to a computer. It allows you to input sounds like
speech and songs into the computer. You can record your voice with the help of a microphone.
 Microphone
Web Camera:
A web camera is used to take live photos videos. You can save them in the computer.

Web Camera
Scanner
A Scanner Copies pictures and pages, and turns them into images that can be saved on a
computer.

Scanner
System Unit & the Processing Device
All the inputs are stored, sorted, arranged and changed by a computer. The device that helps a
computer do so is called the processing device. The processing device in a computer is known
as Central Processing Unit (CPU).
 System Unit & the Processing Device
Output Devices
Monitor
A monitor looks like a TV screen. It shows whatever you type on the keyboard or draw with
the mouse.

Monitor
Printer
A printer prints the results of your work from the computer screen on a sheet of paper. This is
called a printout.

Printer
Speakers
The speakers are the output devices that produce different types of sounds processed by the
computer. You can listen to songs or speeches stored in the computer with the help of speakers.
 Speakers
Headphone
You can listen to music or any sound from a computer with the help of headphones without
disturbing others.

Headphone
Storage Devices
The parts of a computer which are used for storing data are called. Storing data are called
storage devices. They help in storing any work done on a computer permanently.
Hard Disk
Inside the CPU there is a hard disk. It is made up of one or more metallic disks. It stores a large
amount of information.

Hard Disk
Floppy Disk
A floppy disk stores small amounts small amounts of information. It works when it is inserted
into the floppy drive. The floppy drive is fixed in the CPU.

Floppy Disk
Compact Disc (CD)
A CD stores many times more information than a floppy disk. It works when it is inserted into
the CD drive. The CD drive is fixed in the CPU. Note: Not handling the CD properly may
result in loss of data stored.

Compact Disc
Lab Tasks:
Task 01: sketch a computer motherboard and show ten different components.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Task 02: What are the limitations of the four different types of computers mentioned.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Lab Assessment
Understanding Applying knowledge of Producing solution
engineering Computer Workshop of engineering
problem to engineering problem problem
(Criteria 2)
(Criteria1) (Criteria) Total
(3) (7)
(5) 15 Marks
Task 1

Task 2

Average
Marks

Name of the Instructor: Engr. Ihsan Ullah Signature: ________________