MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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Q−1: [4+4+4 marks]
Find the domain of f(x) , g(x) and h(x).Write the answer in interval notation.
solve
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a) Let f(x)= √𝑥 + 1 ,
the domain of f(x) is (-∞, ∞) ,in interval notation.

g(x)= 𝑥 3 -1,
Domain = (-∞, ∞) in interval notation.

and h(x)= √𝑥 − 1
𝑥 − 1 ≥ 0
𝑥 ≥ 1
the domain of h(x)
D=[1, ∞) in interval notation.

b) i. Find the zeros for the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 − 30𝑥 2 .

solve for x when f(x) = 0.

𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 − 30𝑥 2 = 0
𝑥 2 (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 30) = 0
𝑥2 = 0
factor the quadratic expression(𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 30) further:
(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5𝑥 − 30)
(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5𝑥 − 30) = 0
x(x − 6) + 5(x − 6) = 0
(𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 + 5) = 0
𝑥 − 6 = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = 6
𝑥 + 5 = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = −5
the zeros of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 − 30𝑥 2 are x=0 , x = 6 and x = -5

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 ii. Find the points at which the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑓 ′ intersect,
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1.
Solution
𝑓′(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1
setting 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓′(𝑥) :
𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1
𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 − 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 = 0
𝑥(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
we have three potential solutions for x={0,1,3}
at x = 0 :
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1.
f(0) = 1
(0, 1).
At x = 1:
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1.
f(1) = 2
(1, 2).
At x = 3:
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1.
f(3) = 22
The points are (0, 1), (1, 2), and (3, 22).

Q−2: [6+3+3marks]

a) Use the definition of the derivative to compute the derivative for the function
f(x)= √𝑥 + 2

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 Solution :
[𝐟(𝐱 + 𝐡) − 𝐟(𝐱)]
𝐟 ′ (𝐱) = 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝐡→𝟎 𝐡
Find f(x + h):

f(x + h) = √𝑥 + ℎ + 2

[√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 − √𝑥 + 2]
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
[√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 − √𝑥 + 2] [√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 + √𝑥 + 2]
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙lim ∗
ℎ→0 ℎ [√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 + √𝑥 + 2]

[√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 − √𝑥 + 2] ∗ [√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 + √𝑥 + 2]
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙lim
ℎ→0
ℎ ∗ [√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 + √𝑥 + 2]
… … … … … … ..

𝒉
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙lim
ℎ→0
𝒉 ∗ [√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 + √𝑥 + 2]

1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑙lim
ℎ→0
[√𝑥 + ℎ + 2 + √𝑥 + 2]
………….

1
=
[√𝑥+2+ √𝑥+2]

=
1 #
[2 √𝑥+2]

b) Differentiate:
3
i. Y=3√(𝑥 2 + 4)2

Solution :-

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 = 3(𝑥 2 + 4)2/3
Y'= 3 (2/3)* (𝑥 2 + 4)−1/3 *(2x) = 4x(𝑥 2 + 4)−1/3

ii. F(x)= (−2𝑥 2 +3𝑥)−3

Solution :

= −3(−2 ∗ 2𝑥 + 3)(−2𝑥 2 +3𝑥)−4

= (12𝑥 − 9) (−2𝑥 2 +3𝑥)−4

Q−3: [4+4+4 marks]

a) let 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2

i) Find the intervals on which f is increasing or decreasing, and find the

local maximum and minimum of 𝑓, if any.

Solution :

𝑓′(𝑥) = 12𝑥 2 − 6𝑥

Set 𝒇′(𝒙) equal to zero:

12𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 = 0
6𝑥(2𝑥 − 1) = 0
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜:
6𝑥 = 0
𝑥 = 0
2𝑥 − 1 = 0
1
2𝑥 = 1 ⟹ 𝑥 =
2

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 1
there are two critical points: 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 =
2

interval (-∞,0) (0,1/2) (1/2,∞)

Signal of 𝑓′(𝑥) + - +
Conclusion Increasing Decreasing Increasing

𝑓′(𝑥) = 12𝑥 2 − 6𝑥
𝑓 ′ (−1) = 18 positive

1 −2
𝑓′ ( ) = negative
3 3

𝑓 ′ (1) = 6 positive

𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟒𝒙𝟑 − 𝟑𝒙𝟐

For x=0
𝑓(0) = 0
(𝑥, 𝑓(𝑥)) = (0,0)
Since f(0)= 0, so it has a local maximum at (0,0)
For x=1/2
1 1
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓(2) = − 4 , it is a local minimum.

1 1
the function f(x) has a local minimum at (2 , − 4)

ii) Find the intervals on which the graph of 𝑓 is concave up or concave

down, and find the inflection points, if any.

Solution :

𝑓′′(𝑥) = 24𝑥 − 6
24𝑥 − 6 = 0
24𝑥 = 6
𝑥 = 6/24 = 1/4
1
The inflection point located at 𝑥 =
4

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟒𝒙𝟑 − 𝟑𝒙𝟐
1 1
𝑓( ) = −
4 8
1 1
The coordinates of the inflection point are : ( , − )
4 8

interval (-∞ , 1/4) (1/4 , ∞)

Signal of f'(x)
- +
Conclusion concave down concave up

Test a value in the interval (-∞, 0), e.g., 𝑥 = −1:

𝑓′′( −1 ) = − 30
Since 𝑓′′( −1 ) < 𝟎 , f(x) is concave down on the interval (-∞, 1/4).
Test a value in the interval (1/4 , ∞) , 𝑥 = 1:
𝑓′′(1) = 18
𝑓′′(1) > 𝟎 , f(x) is concave up on the interval (1/4, ∞).

b) The revenue function for a particular product is R(x)= x(4-0.0001x). Find the
largest possible revenue.

Solution :
𝑅(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 0.0001𝑥^2

𝑅′(𝑥) = 4 − 0.0002𝑥
Setting 𝑅′(𝑥) = 0 ∶

4 − 0.0002𝑥 = 0
0.0002𝑥 = 4
4
𝑥 = = 20,000
0.0002

we have one critical point at x = 20,000

R(20,000) = 20,000(4 –0,0001*(20000)2 ) = 20,000(4-2) = 20000 *2 =40,000

So, the largest possible revenue is 40,000.

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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Q−4: [6+6 marks] Find an equation of the tangent line, at the designated point, to each
of the following:

a) 𝑓(𝑥) = ln(𝑥 6 + 3𝑥 4 + 𝑒), 𝑥 = 0.

Solving
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 6 + 3𝑥 4 + 𝑒)

′ (𝑥)
6𝑥 5 + 12𝑥 3 + 0
𝑓 =
(𝑥 6 + 3𝑥 4 + 𝑒)

Evaluate 𝑓′(0):

0
𝑓 ′ (0) = ⋯ = = 0
𝑒
𝑓(0) = … . . = ln(𝑒) = 1
Since , (0, 𝑓 (0)) = (x1 ,y1)=(0,1)

m=0

to find the equation of the tangent line:

𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) ,where (x1 ,y1)=(0,1) , m=0

𝑦 − 1 = 0(𝑥 − 0)

…….

𝑦 = 1

So, the equation of the tangent line to the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 6 + 3𝑥 4 + 𝑒)
at the point (0, 1) is 𝑦 = 1 ⋕

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 b) 𝐲 𝟑 + 𝐲 𝟐 − 𝟓𝐲 − 𝐱 𝟐 = −𝟕, 𝐏(𝟑, 𝟐).

Solution

Using the chain rule and product rule where necessary:

𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒚
𝟑𝒚𝟐 ( ) + 𝟐𝒚 ( ) − 𝟓 ( ) − 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

Substituting x = 3 and y = 2 into the previous equation:

𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒚
𝟑(𝟐)𝟐 ( ) + 𝟐 ∗ 𝟐 ( ) − 𝟓 ( ) − 𝟐 ∗ 𝟑 = 𝟎
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒚
𝟏𝟐 ( ) + 𝟒 ( ) − 𝟓 ( ) − 𝟔 = 𝟎
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

…..
… ..

𝒅𝒚 𝟔
( )=
𝒅𝒙 𝟏𝟏
6
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) ,where (x1 ,y1)= (𝟑, 𝟐) , 𝑚 =
11
𝟔
Substituting the values (x1 ,y1)= (𝟑, 𝟐) , 𝐦 = :
𝟏𝟏

6
𝑦−2= (𝑥 − 3)
11
6 18
𝑦−2= 𝑥 −
11 11
6 18
𝑦= 𝑥 − +2
11 11

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 6 4
⟹ 𝑦= 𝑥+
11 11
So, the equation of the tangent line to the curve at the point (P(3, 2) is

6 4
𝑦= 𝑥+
11 11

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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Q−5: [6+6 marks]

a) Using logarithmic differentiation find 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) if

𝑥 3 (3 − 2𝑥)
𝑓(𝑥) = 3
𝑒 𝑥 . √𝑥 3 + 7

Solution :
1
𝑙𝑛 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑥3 ) + 𝑙𝑛(3 − 2𝑥) − 𝑙𝑛(𝑒𝑥 ) − 𝑙𝑛(𝑥3 + 7)3
1
𝑙𝑛 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 𝑙𝑛(x) + 𝑙𝑛(3 − 2𝑥) − 𝑥 − 𝑙𝑛(𝑥3 + 7)
3
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 1 −2 1 3𝑥 2
=3∗ + − 1 − ∗ 3
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 3 𝑥 +7

Simplify

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 3 −2 𝑥2
=( + − 1 − 3 )
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 𝑥 +7

………………..

substitute back f(x):

′
𝑥 3 (3 − 2𝑥) 3 −2 𝑥2
𝑓 (𝑥) = 3 ( + − 1 − 3 )
𝑒 𝑥 . √𝑥 3 + 7 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 𝑥 +7

b) Solve for 𝑥 the equation 3 ln( x) −ln (3x) =0

Solution :
𝒂
𝒍𝒏(𝒂) − 𝒍𝒏(𝒃) = 𝒍𝒏
𝒃

𝑙𝑛 ( 𝑥 3 ) − 𝑙𝑛 (3𝑥) = 0

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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 𝑥3
𝑙𝑛 ( ) = 0
3𝑥

𝑥2
𝑙𝑛 ( ) = 0
3

𝑥2
𝑙𝑛( )
𝑒 3 = 𝑒 0 ,where 𝑒 0 = 1
𝑥2
=1
3
𝑥2 = 3
𝑥 = ±√ 3
But the value of x can't be −√ 3
𝒙 = +√ 𝟑

MT129–SOLVED BY ENG:ISMAIL: 0543721028

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