Acereda Integrated

School Grade Level Grade 10

GRADES 1 to 12 School
Daily Lesson Log Teacher Rhea D. Alo Learning Area Science
Quarter 1
Section/Time Rose & Asteri
Teaching Date September 06, 2023
I. OBJECTIVES
Content Standard The learners demonstrate an understanding of the relationship among the
locations of volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and mountain ranges.
Performance Standard The learners shall be able to demonstrate ways to ensure disaster
preparedness during earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.
Learning Competency The learners should be able to describe the distribution of active volcanoes,
earthquake epicenters, and major mountain belts.
S10ES –Iaj-36.1
Knowledge Identify the relationship between the speed of the seismic waves and the
location of an epicenter
Skills Locate the epicenter of an earthquake using triangulation method
Attitude Recognize the importance of determining the location earthquake by doing the
activities
II. CONTENT FIND THE CENTER
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
References Grade 10 Science Learner’s Material pp 7-10
Grade 10 Science Teacher’s Guide pp 7-9
Other Learning http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBS7BKqHRhs
Resources
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBqtC_yz_Ok
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Preparatory The teacher will conduct the usual daily routines of the class.
Activities
Conduct a short review on the previous discussion by asking the following
questions:
What is Plate Tectonic?
(Ans. The plates move very slowly but constantly, and this movement is called
tectonics; thus the theory of moving lithospheric plates is called plate
tectonics.)

Let the students describe the two kinds of crust and how it contributes in the
movement of plates.

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 (Ans. There are two kinds of crust: the thicker but less dense continental crust
and the oceanic crust which is relatively thinner but denser than continental
crust.)

The teacher will ask the following questions to the students.

Who among you have experienced earthquake?
(Ans. Maybe Yes or Maybe No)

Let the students share their experiences, knowledge or any idea that are
related to earthquake.
The teacher will then ask; how will we know the location of an earthquake?
B. Motivation The teacher will introduce the video found on this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBqtC_yz_Ok
What method is being used in order to determine the location of an
earthquake?
(Ans. Triangulation Method)

Before you can determine the location of an earthquake, what is the very first
thing that you need to know?
(Ans. Get the time difference of the arrival time of the P-wave and S-wave
through seismograph in the seismic stations)

Can you still recall you lesson when you were in Grade 8 about Seismic
waves?

What is seismic waves?

(Ans. Seismic wave, vibration generated by an earthquake, explosion, or
similar energetic source and propagated within the Earth or along its surface,
from the Greek ‘seismos’ meaning ‘earthquake’. Seismic waves are usually
generated by movements of the Earth’s tectonic plates but may also be
caused by explosions, volcanoes and landslides.)

What are the different types of waves?

(Ans. Surface Waves, P-waves and S-Waves)

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 Emphasize to the students that a deeper discussion about these waves will be
tackled in Module 2.

Explain to them, that because of this difference in velocity between P and S

waves, the distance of earthquake epicenter from the recording station can be
determined. If they have data from three recording stations, the exact position
of an earthquake epicenter can be located using the triangulation method.
C. Activity Group the students into five and let them do the activity found on pages 8 – 10
of the Learner’s Material. Please see also Attachment A.
D. Analysis Ask volunteers from each group to share or discuss their output to the class.

Where is the epicenter of this hypothetical earthquake?

(Answer: Since the three circles drawn intersect in Cebu City, it is where the
epicenter is.)
What difficulty will you encounter if you only have data from two
recording stations?
(Answer: Assuming that the two circles will intersect, the circles will intersect
at two points. Therefore, there will be two locations that could possibly be the
epicenter.)
E. Abstraction Introduce the formula to the students in determining the location of the
epicenter.
Td
Using the formula d= x 100 km
8 seconds
where: d=distance in kilometers
Td = time difference of P-wave and S-wave (sec.)
This formula is suited because 8 seconds is the interval between the times of
arrival of the P-wave and S-wave at a distance of 100 km.
Recording Time difference Distance of
Station of P-wave and epicenter from
S-wave the station (km)
(seconds)
Batangas 44.8 (Ans. 560)
Puerto Princesa 32 (Ans. 400)
Davao 38.4 (Ans. 480)
Note to the teacher: Since the scale of the Philippine map on page 9 of the LM
is 1.5 cm: 200 km, set the drawing compass to the following computed
distances on the map.

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 Recording How to compute Computed
Station the distance on the distance on
map the map
(cm)
(Ans. 560 km
Batangas (Ans. 4.2)
(1.5 cm/200km))

(Ans. 400 km
Puerto Princesa (Ans. 3)
(1.5 cm/200km))

(Ans. 480 km
Davao (Ans. 3.6)
(1.5 cm/200km))

Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. The seismometers are

shown as green dots. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the
earthquake is shown as a circle. The location where all the circles intersect is
the location of the earthquake epicenter
F. Application https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H62RC_AsJvA
The teacher will present a video about triangulation method found on the link
above. Let the students analyze the graph (see Attachment B).
G. Practical Let the students answer the following questions:
Applications of
Concepts and What is the distance of the epicenter from the seismic station?
Skills in Daily (Answer: 9000 km)
Living
Q4. What do you think is the importance of determining the epicenter of an
earthquake?
(Possible answer: Locating earthquake epicenters will pinpoint which fault
lines are active. Usually, the less active fault stores great amount of potential
energy that could cause major earthquake once released. Therefore, places
near fault lines that remain inactive for a long period of time are due to
experience a major earthquake.)
H. Generalization
● In order to locate the epicenter of an earthquake, you need to determine
the time interval between the arrival of the P and S waves (the S-P
interval) on the seismograms from at least three different stations. You
have to measure the interval to the closest second and then use a graph
(Distance-time graph on page 10 of the LM) to convert the S-P interval to
the epicentral distance.

● Once you have the epicentral distances, you can draw circles to represent
each distance on a map. The radius of each circle corresponds to the
epicentral distance for each seismic recording station. Once you have
drawn all three circles and located the point where all three intersect, you

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 will have successfully located (triangulated) the epicenter of the
earthquake
I. Evaluation The activity conducted will serve as the evaluation of the learners in this
session.
J. Additional The teachers may send a copy of this video to the learners to enrich their
activities for learning on this activity.
application or
remediation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBS7BKqHRhs
(assignment)
V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION
1. No. of learners who
earned 80% in the
evaluation
2. No. of learners who
continue to require
remediation
3. Did the remedial lesson
work? No. of learners
who caught up the
lesson
4. No. of learners who
require remediation
5. Which of my teaching
strategies worked well?
Why did these work?

6. What difficulties did I

encounter which
principal and supervisor
can help or solve?
7. What innovation or
localized did I
use/discover which I
wish to share?

Prepared by: Checked by:

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 RHEA DELA TORRE ALO ANALYNNE M. BALERO, PHD.
Teacher III School Principal III

ATTACHMENT A

Name: __________________________ Grade: ______________________ Score: ____________

Activity 1: FIND THE CENTER

Objective: Locate the epicenter of an earthquake using the triangulation method.
Materials:
• hypothetical records of earthquake waves
• Philippine map
• drawing compass and ruler
Procedure:
1. Study the data showing the difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave on three
seismic recording stations.

Recording Time difference Distance of

Station of P-wave and epicenter from
S-wave the station (km)
(seconds)
Batangas 44.8
Puerto Princesa 32
Davao 38.4

2. Compute the distance of the epicenter from each of the stations using this formula:
Td
Using the formula d= x 100 km
8 seconds
where: d=distance in kilometers
Td = time difference of P-wave and S-wave (sec.)
This formula is suited because 8 seconds is the interval between the times of arrival of the
P-wave and S-wave at a distance of 100 km.
3. Choose one of the recording stations and measure the computed distance on the map scale
(the scale of the map 1.5 cm: 200 km). Set your compass for that computed distance.

4. Center your compass on the station you have chosen. Draw a circle.

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 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the rest of the stations. You should get three circles that intersect
or nearly intersect at a point. This intersection is the epicenter.
Q1. Where is the epicenter of this hypothetical earthquake?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Q2. What difficulty will you encounter if you only have data from two recording stations?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Note to the teacher: You may photocopy the Figure 3 on Page 9 on the book to get the actual
scaling for accurate measurement.

SOURCE: 7
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-the-
Philippines_fig1_229045953
ATTACHMENT B

Name: __________________________ Grade: ______________________ Score: ____________

Instruction/s: Using the video as a guide. Analyze the graph below and answer the corresponding
questions.

Q3. What is the distance of the epicenter from the seismic station?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Q4. What do you think is the importance of determining the epicenter of an earthquake?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________