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Chapter 7 - Table Relationships

The document discusses different types of relationships between database tables: primary key, foreign key, one-to-one relationship, one-to-many relationship, and many-to-many relationship. Examples are given for each type of relationship.

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16 views

Chapter 7 - Table Relationships

The document discusses different types of relationships between database tables: primary key, foreign key, one-to-one relationship, one-to-many relationship, and many-to-many relationship. Examples are given for each type of relationship.

Uploaded by

Derp Derpington
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 7

Table Relationships

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


AGENDA
• Primary Key
• Foreign Key
• Relationships

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


Primary Key

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


Primary Key (PK)
• An unique identifier of the records, kind of like an ID
• e.g. For a city, citizensʼ names can be repeated. We add an id column to
distinguish each citizen
• e.g. For an eCommerce Platform, purchases can be repeated. (same
user purchases the same drink twice). So weʼll add a transaction_id to
each purchase record

Citizen Transactions
ID First_name Last_Name Transaction_ID User Product

1 Darren Chiu 1 Darren Coke X 2

2 Peter Chow 2 Peter Burger X 2

3 Michelle Ling 3 Anthony Chips

4 Anthony Chiu 4 Darren Coke X 2

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


Foreign Key

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


Foreign Key (FK)

• Foreign key is used to establish relationship between two tables


• e.g. For a movie ratings table, the movie_id column is created for
identifying which movie the ratings is for. The movie_id column
is “foreign key” column.
movies ratings

id movie_id

title rating

year

students exam_scores

id student_id

name score

class
Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited
Relationships

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


What is Table Relationships

• We categorize data and organize the data into different tables


• For example, we put “movie details” in movies table, and the
“movies ratings” into ratings table
• Different tables have relationships between them (e.g. each
ratings is attached to a movie)

movies ratings

id movie_id

title rating

year

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


Three types of relationships

One-to-One relationship

One-to-Many relationship

Many-to-Many relationship

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


One-to-One Relationship
• One-to-One relationship are usually used to separate a big table into two,
or attaching additional data to a record.
• E.g.
• users and users_profile (separate a big users table to users and
users_profile)
• citizens and passport_info (attaching passport_info to citizen)

users users_profile
ID First_name Last_Name User_id Gender Country Last_Online Number of Posts

1 Darren Chiu 1 M Hong Kong 2019-12-06 3

2 Peter Chow 2 M Japan 2019-12-05 2

3 Michelle Ling 3 F Malaysia 2019-12-07 6

4 Anthony Chiu 4 M Hong Kong 2019-12-06 5

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


One-to-Many relationship
• One-to-Many relationship usually refers to ownership relationships
• E.g.
• users and users_uploads (users owning multiple file uploaded)
• country and states (country owning multiple states)

users_uploads
users User_id Post_ID Image Text

ID First_name Last_Name 1 1 img1.jpg This is my first post.

1 Darren Chiu 2 2 img2.jpg Hi Everyone!

2 Peter Chow 3 3 img3.jpg Please follow my page!

3 Michelle Ling 1 4 img4.jpg Another post!

4 Anthony Chiu 2 5 img5.jpg I love posting!

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited


Many-to-Many relationship
• Many-to-Many relationship usually refers to a membership
between two categories of data
• E.g.
• movies and actors (each actor is a “member” of the
Movies_Actors
multiple movies)
movie_id actor_id
• desserts and ingredients (each ingredient is a “member
1 1
of multiple dessert recipes)
1 3

Movies Actors 1 4

id movie_name id name 2 1

1 Toy Story 1 Darren 2 2

2 Star Wars 2 Anthony 3 1

3 Harry Potter 3 Peter 3 4

4 Karl 4 1

Copyright © 2021 TalentLabs Limited

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