Name: ______________________________________ Section: __________

Science- Grade 9
Quarter 2 Week 2
Types of Compound Based on their Properties

Learning Competency

Recognize different types of compounds (ionic or covalent) based on their properties

such as melting point, hardness, polarity, and electrical and thermal conductivity
(S9MT-IIb-14)
At the end of this learning packet, you will be able to:
1. Describe how ionic compound differs from covalent compound;
2. Explain how properties differ between ionic compound and covalent bonds
and;
3. Appreciate the importance and technological applications of such
bonds/compounds.

Activity 1
Ionic Compounds VS Covalent Compounds
Instruction: Analyze the table below and complete the missing data. For “Elements
Present”, identify the elements name from the given chemical formula. For the
“Nature/Type of Element”, identify whether the elements comprising the compound
are metals or non-metals or both. You may use the Periodic Table of Elements from
the previous learning packet.

Nature/
Chemic
Type of Chemic Type of
Common Name/ al Elements
Compoun al Bond Element
Chemical Name Symbol/ Present
d Type (Metal or
Formula
Nonmetal)
Covalent
Water H2O
Bond
Covalent
Covalent
Ammonia NH3
Bond
Ionic
Table Salt NaCl
Bond
Ionic Lime/ Calcium
Ionic
Oxide CaO
Bond
(apog)

RO_Science _Grade 9_Q2_LP 2

1
Analysis 1
1. What are the types of chemical compounds?
________________________________________________________________
2. How will you differentiate ionic compounds from covalent compounds?
________________________________________________________________

Covalent Bond involves the sharing of electrons that results in the formation of
covalent compounds whose representative particle is a molecule.

Ions are held together by the electrostatic force between oppositely charged
bodies.

Ionic Bond involves complete transfer of electrons; thus, ions are formed. It
involves metals with low electronegativity and non-metals with high
electronegativity.

Activity 2
Properties of Compounds
Knowing the properties of the compound will give you the idea on how it
would be more efficient and beneficial to mankind. Because of the nature of ionic
and covalent bonds, the materials produced by these bonds tend to have quite
different macroscopic properties. In this part of our lesson, your goal is to determine
the properties of ionic compound and covalent compound.
Instruction: Refer to the following illustrations/ diagrams and identify what
properties/characteristics is being shown by each of the diagram. Choose your
answer from the given list of properties below.

2
1.
.

Source: Source:
http://people.bu.edu/straub/courses/demomaster/elect https://socratic.org/questions/how
rolytes.html -can-you-use-electrical-
conductivity-to-decide-if-a-
compound-is-ionic-or-cova

RO_Science _Grade 9_Q2_LP 2

2
 4
3.
.

Source:
Source: https://chem.libretexts.org
https://chem.libretexts.org

CHOICES:

A. POLARITY
B. HARDNESS
C. MELTING POINT
D. ELECTRICAL & THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

Answer:

1. ___________________ 2. __________________ 3. __________________

Analysis 2
1. What are the properties of compounds?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Activity 3
Melting Point & Boiling Point of Compounds
Analyze the given table and compare the properties of ionic and covalent compound
by answering the questions that follow.

COMPOUNDS MELTING POINT (°C) BOILING POINT (°C)

KBr 734 1435
MgO 2852 1600
NaCl 801 1465
H2O 0 100
NH3 -78 -33
O2 -219 -183

1. Which compounds in the table are classified as ionic? Which are classified as
covalent?
Ionic: ________________________________________________________
RO_Science _Grade 9_Q2_LP 2
3
 Covalent: _____________________________________________________
2. Which among the compounds has the highest melting point? highest boiling
point? What kind of compound is this?
________________________________________________________________
3. Based on the table, how can you tell if a compound is ionic or covalent?
________________________________________________________________

Abstraction
Comparison of Ionic and Covalent Compounds
Properties Ionic Compound Covalent Compound
Electrical & Thermal Conductivity

Hardness
Melting Point
Polarity

Differentiate ionic compounds from covalent compounds based on the

following properties: Application

To further understand the properties of ionic compound and covalent compound, read the short
discussion below.

What are the properties of ionic compounds and covalent compounds?

1. Ionic compounds are so hard, they don’t bend at all. This is also explained in the brittleness of ionic
compounds. It takes a lot of energy to pull ionic charges apart from each other.
Covalent compounds are soft and squishy (compared to ionic compounds).
2. Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water. For example, when we take salt and
dissolve it in water, the water molecules pull the positive and negative ions apart from each other.
Covalent compounds don't conduct electricity in water. Unlike ions, which are charged, molecules are
neutral. So, even in a liquid in which molecules can move around, the compound cannot conduct electric
current.
3. Ionic compounds have high melting points above 250oC and high boiling points above 500oC. The ionic
bonds (electrostatic force of attraction) between the ions are very strong. A very large amount of heat
energy is needed to overcome these strong bonds. Covalent compounds generally have much lower
melting and boiling points than ionic compounds. When a covalent compound melts or boils, the covalent
bonds holding the molecules together do not break as ionic bonds in an ionic compound do. Instead, one
molecule separates from another. Because molecules separate easily from other molecules, they tend to
have lower melting and boiling points than ionic compounds.
4. Ionic compounds have full charges on resulting ions. With covalent compounds, however, one could be
polar or non-polar. Some covalent compounds dissolve in water. Other covalent compounds do not. Wax
RO_Science _Grade 9_Q2_LP 2
molecules have a stronger attraction to other wax molecules than they have to water molecules. This is why
4
wax does not dissolve in water.

Uses of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

2. Ionic compounds can carry out electrolysis to make metals and other useful materials
(e.g. chlorine.). They can be used to replace wires as they conduct electricity in aqueous
form.

3. The use of vinyl floor tiles, plastic jug, wall paint, alcohols, plastic bottles and many
others are product of covalent compounds.

Why do oil and water never mix? Consider the polarity of the compound. You may
refer to the illustration below.

Application
A. Supply the missing data on the table. Select your answer from the list below.
Conducts electricity when melted/dissolved O2
High melting point Polar/non-polar
Hard/brittle Low melting point
Full charge Does conduct electricity/ insulator
NaCl Soft

Electrical &
Melting
Type Example Hardness Polarity Thermal
Point
Conductivity
IONIC
1. 2. 3. 4. 5
COMPOUND
COVALENT
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
COMPOUND

B. Identify whether the following are properties of ionic or covalent compounds.

Write IONIC or COVALENT on your answer sheet.
1. Has high melting and boiling points _____________________________
2. Conducts electricity when melted _____________________________
3. Usually occurs between non-metals _____________________________
4. Is a poor electrical conductor in all phases____________________________
5. Many are soluble in non-polar liquids but not in water___________________

RO_Science _Grade 9_Q2_LP 2

5