Swachh Bharat

Abhiyan

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national level campaign

launched by the Government of India, which aims to keep
the streets, roads and infrastructure clean and keep the
garbage clean. This campaign was launched on October 2
, 2014 . Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi freed the
country from slavery, but his dream of 'Clean India' was
not fulfilled. Mahatma Gandhi gave an excellent message
to the nation by teaching people around him about
maintaining cleanliness.
Swachh Bharat aims to reduce or eliminate the problem
of open defecation through the construction of
individual, cluster and community toilets. The Swachh
Bharat Mission is also an initiative to set up an
accountable mechanism for monitoring immersion usage.
The government has taken an initiative to build 1.2 crore
open toilets in rural India at an estimated cost of Rs 1.96
lakh crore by October 2 , 2019 , the 150th anniversary of
Mahatma Gandhi's birth. Aims to achieve Defecation Free
India (ODF).
Officially starting on 1 April 1999, the Government of
India restructured the Comprehensive Rural Sanitation
Program and launched the Total Sanitation Campaign
(TSC) which was later (on 1 April 2012) renamed the
Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) by Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh . [2] [3] The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan was
reconstituted with the approval of the Union Cabinet on
24 September 2014 as the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

The 'Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan' (1999 to 2012 Total

Sanitation Campaign, or TSC) was a program under the
principles of community-led total sanitation (CLTS)
launched by the Government of India. Villages that
achieved this status received monetary rewards and
higher publicity under a program called the Nirmal Gram
Puraskar.

The Times of India reported that in March 2014 the idea

was developed after UNICEF India and the Indian
Institute of Technology organized a cleanliness
conference as part of the massive Total Sanitation
Campaign launched in 1999 by the Government of India.
Toilets in rural areas

The government aims to achieve an open defecation free

(ODF) India by 2 October 2019, with an estimated cost of
Rs 1.96 lakh crore (US$) in rural India by 2 October 2019,
the 150th anniversary of the birth of Mahatma Gandhi.
30 billion) to achieve an Open Defecation Free India
(ODF) by constructing 1.2 crore toilets. [1] [8] Prime
Minister Narendra Modi spoke about the need for toilets
in his 2014 Independence Day speech:
Have we ever felt pain that our mothers and sisters have
to defecate in the open? The poor women of the village
wait for the night; She cannot go out to defecate until it
gets dark. What kind of physical torture they would have
to face, can't we arrange toilets for the dignity of our
mothers and sisters?

Modi also spoke about the need for toilets in schools

during the 2014 Jammu and Kashmir state election
campaign:
When the girl child reaches the age where she finds out
that she has left her education midway due to the lack of
female toilets in the school and because of this they
remain uneducated when they leave their education
midway. Our daughters should also get equal opportunity
for quality education. After 60 years of independence,
every school should have separate toilet for girl students.
But since last 60 years they could not provide separate
toilets for girls and as a result, female students had to
leave their education midway.
As of May 2015, 14 companies including Tata Consultancy
Services, Mahindra Group and Rotary International have
pledged to build 3,195 new toilets. In the same month,
71 public sector undertakings in India supported the
construction of 86,781 new toilets.
Thousands of Indians are still employed in the work of
washing human excreta.
Swachh Bharat Mission for urban areas
The mission aims to provide 2.5 lakh community toilets,
2.6 lakh public toilets, and one solid waste management
facility in each city, targeting 1.04 crore households .
Under this programme, construction of community
toilets in residential areas where it is difficult to construct
individual household toilets. Public lavatories shall also
be constructed at important places such as tourist places,
markets, bus station, railway stations. This program will
be implemented in 4401 cities over a period of five years.
Out of Rs 62,009 crore to be spent on the programme, Rs
14,623 crore will be provided by the central government.
Out of ₹14,623 crore to be received by the central
government, ₹7,366 crore on solid waste management,
₹4,165 crore on individual household toiletsBut Rs 1,828
crore will be spent on public awareness and Rs 655 crore
will be spent on building community toilets. The program
includes eradication of open defecation, conversion of
insanitary latrines to flush latrines, elimination of manual
scavenging, municipal solid waste management and
behavioral change of people with respect to healthy and
hygienic practices.
Swachh Bharat Mission for rural areas

The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan program is a demand-based

and people-centric campaign for the people in the rural
areas, being run by the Government of India, in which to
improve the sanitation habits of the people, generate
demand for self-services and provide sanitation facilities,
which will lead to the improvement of the sanitation
habits of the people. The standard of living can be
improved. Keeping this in mind, the Free Toilet Scheme
has been launched by the Government of Uttar Pradesh
and through this scheme, an amount of ₹ 12000 is
allotted to each person who does not have a toilet, so
that he can build his own toilet.

The aim of the campaign is to make India an open

defecation free country in five years. Under the
campaign, one lakh thirty four thousand crore rupees will
be spent for the construction of about 11 crore 11 lakh
toilets in the country. Using technology on a large scale,
waste in rural India will be used to convert it into capital,
bio-fertilizer and various forms of energy. Apart from
large sections of the rural population and school teachers
and students, the campaign has to be launched on a war
footing and rural panchayats, panchayat samitis and
Bahraich across the country should also be involved in
this effort at every level.

As part of the campaign, the unit cost of individual

household toilets has been increased from ₹10,000 to
₹12,000 per household unit and includes hand washing,
toilet cleaning and storage. The government assistance
for such a toilet would be Rs 9,000 and the state
government's contribution would be Rs 3,000. The
assistance to Jammu and Kashmir and North East states
and special status states will be ₹10,800 with the state's
contribution being ₹1,200. Additional contribution from
other sources will be admissible.

Swachh Bharat Clean School Campaign

Swachh Bharat-Swachh Vidyalaya Abhiyan is being

organized centrally from 25 September 2014 to 31
October 2014 in Kendriya Vidyalayas and Navodaya
Vidyalaya Sangathan under the Ministry of Human
Resource Development . The activities carried out during
this period include-
SBA Talk with children every day during school classes on
various aspects of cleanliness and hygiene, especially
Mahatma Gandhi's teachings on cleanliness and good
health.
Cleaning of classrooms, laboratories and libraries etc.
Talking about any idol installed in the school or the
contribution of the person who established the school
and cleaning these idols.
Cleaning of toilets and drinking water areas.
Cleaning the kitchen and stuff planet.
cleaning the playground
Maintenance and cleaning of school gardens.
Annual maintenance of chool buildings with painting and
painting.
Organization of competitions on essay, debate, painting,
cleanliness and hygiene.
'Forming monitoring team of Child Cabinets and
monitoring the cleanliness drive.
Apart from this, spreading the message of cleanliness and
good health by organizing film shows, essay/painting and
other competitions on cleanliness, plays etc. Besides this,
the Ministry

It has also proposed to start half an hour cleaning drive

twice a week involving school students, teachers, parents
and community members.