SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES

Gist of the lesson

1. Spheres (including hemispheres)

2. Right circular cones.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

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 1. Total surface area of a hemisphere is 4158 cm², the diameter of the hemisphere is equal to
__________ cm. (Take π = 22/7)

a) 40 cm b) 20 cm c) 21 cm d) 42 cm

Ans: d) 42 cm
2. If the surface area of a sphere of radius “R” is equal to the curved surface area of a hemisphere
of radius “r”, what is the ratio of R/r?

a) ½ b) 1/√2 c) 2 d) √2

Ans: 1/√2

3. If a right circular cone has radius 4 cm and slant height 5 cm then what is its volume?

(a) 16 π cm³ (b) 14 π cm³ (c) 12 π cm³ (d) 18 π cm³

Ans: 16 π cm³

4. Two right circular cones of equal curved surface areas have slant heights in the ratio of 3 : 5.
Find the ratio of their radii.
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 3 : 5 (c) 5 : 3 (d) 4 : 5
Ans: 5 : 3
5. Assertion: If the diameter of a sphere is decreased by 25%, then its curved surface area is
decreased by 43.75%.
Reason : Curved surface area is increased when diameter decreases

a) both Assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for Assertion

b) both Assertion and reason are correct but reason is not correct explanation for Assertion

c) Assertion is correct but reason is false

d) both Assertions and reason are false

Ans: c) Assertion is correct but reason is false

CASE BASED QUESTION:-

6. Sangita had a hemispherical bowl of radius r. She made a conical vessel of radius r with a tin
sheet.

(i) find the height of the conical vessel so that it can hold the water same as that of the
hemispherical bowl.

(ii) if the radius of the cone formed in the above part is 14 cm, then find how much sheet is used?

(iii) if the height of the conical vessel is doubled, how much more water can it hold than the
hemispherical bowl?

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Ans: (i) since, volume of conical vessel = volume of hemispherical bowl
1 2
⇒ 𝝅 r²h = 𝝅 r3
3 3

1 2
⇒ 3 𝝅 r²h - 3 𝝅 r3 = 0

⇒ h = 2r

The height is 2r

(ii) since, radius = r = 14 cm

Height = 28 cm

2
𝑙 = ℎ2+ 𝑟 2

⇒𝑙 2
= 282 + 142

⇒ 𝑙 = 14 5 cm

⇒ area of sheet required = 𝝅 r𝑙

2
= 1377.41 𝑐𝑚

1
3
𝝅𝑟 ²ℎ
(iii) 2 = 2:1
3
𝝅𝑟 3

it can hold twice the volume of the hemisphere.

11 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

7. How many square metres of canvas is required for a conical tent whose height is3.5 m and the
radius of the base is 12 m?

2
Ans: 𝑙 = ℎ2+ 𝑟 2

𝑙 2
= 3. 52 + 122

⇒ 𝑙 = 12.25 m

total canvas required = πrl

π×12×12.5 =471 𝑚2

8. A shopkeeper has one spherical laddoo of radius 5cm. With the same amount of material, how
many ladoos of radius 2.5 cm can be made?

Ans: Given, radius of the spherical laddu, r = 5 cm

4 4 500
∴ Volume of a spherical laddu = 3 𝝅𝑟 3 = 3 𝝅 53 = 𝝅 𝑐𝑚 3
3

Now, radius of small laddu = 2.5 cm

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 4 4 62.5
Volume of a small laddu = 3 𝝅𝑟 3 = 3 𝝅 2.53 = 𝝅 𝑐𝑚 3
3

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑠𝑝 ℎ 𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑢

∴ Number of laddoos =
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑢
500 3
𝝅 𝑐𝑚
= 3
62.5
𝝅 𝑐𝑚 3
=8
3

So, he can make 8 ladoos.

9. A right triangle with sides 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm is revolved about the side 8 cm.Find the
volume and the curved surface of the solid so formed.

Ans: When a right triangle with sides 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm is revolved about the side 8
cm, then solid formed is a cone whose height, h = 8 cm.

The radius of the cone, r = 6 cm.

Slant height of the cone, l = 10 cm

1 1 22
∴ Volume of the cone = 3 𝝅 r²h = 3 ∗ ∗6² * 8
7

= 301.7 cm3

Curved surface area of the cone = πrl

22
= ∗6 * 10 = 188.5cm2
7

Hence, the volume and surface area of the cone are 301.7 cm3 and 188.5 cm2 respectively.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

10. A semi-circular sheet of metal of diameter 28 cm is bent to form an open conicalcup. Find the
capacity of the cup.

Ans: Circumference of a semicircle = πrWhereas, r is the radius of circle

Diameter of circular sheet =28 cm

∴ Radius of circular sheet = 14 cm

Therefore,

Circumference of circular sheet =14π

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When a semi-circular sheet is bent to form an open conical cup, the radius of the sheet becomes
the slant height of the cup and the circumference of the sheet becomes the circumference of the
base of the cone.

Slant height of cup (l)= Radius of circular sheet =14cm

Circumference of the base of cone = circumference of circular sheet =14π

Let r be the radius of the base of cone

∴ 2πr = 14 ⇒ r = 7cm

Let h be the height of the cup.

2
Therefore, 𝑙 = ℎ2+ 𝑟 2

2
14 = 72 + ℎ 2

⇒ h = 7 2 cm

Now,Capacity of cup = Volume of cone

As we know that, volume of cone is given as-

1
V = 𝝅 r²h
3

1
Therefore, Capacity of cup = 3 𝝅 7² * 7 2

= 622.4cm3

Thus the capacity of the cup is 622.4cm3

11. Two solid spheres made of the same metal have weights 5920 g and 740 g,
respectively.Determine the radius of the larger sphere, if the diameter of the smaller one is 5 cm.

Ans: Mass is directly proportional to volume for same metal (Density)

Let Mass of Solid 1 be M1, Volume be V1, Mass of Solid 2 be M2 and Volume be V2

𝑀1 𝑉 1
=
𝑀2 𝑉 2
Volume of sphere is directly proportional to R3

𝑀1 𝑉 1 (𝑅 1)3
= =
𝑀2 𝑉 2 (𝑅 2)3
5920 (𝑅 1)3
=
740 (𝑅 2)3

70
(𝑅 1)3
(𝑅 2)3
=8

𝑅1
=2
𝑅2
𝑅 1 = 2 * 2.5 = 5 cm
12. A corn cob shaped somewhat like a cone, has the radius of its broadest end as 2.1 cm and
length (height) as 20 cm. If each 1 cm2 of the surface of the cob carries an average of four grains,
find how many grains you would find on the entire cob.

Ans: We know the curved surface area of cone cob = πrl.

Given, r = 2.1cm , h = 20 cm.

2
𝑙 = ℎ2+ 𝑟 2

𝑙 2
= 2.12 + 202

l = 20.11 cm
22
∴ Curved surface area of corn cab = ∗ 2.1 ∗ 20.11 = 132.73 cm2
7

Since, the number of grains on 1 cm2 of the surface corn cob =4,

∴ Number of grain on 132.73 cm2 of the surface of corn cab =132.73×4=530.92≈531.

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE:-

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The diameter of the moon is approximately one-fourth of the diameter of the earth. What
fraction of the volume of the earth is the volume of the moon?

1 1 1 1
a. b. c. d
64 32 48 16

2. A hemispheric dome of radius 3.5m is to be painted at a rate of ₹600/m2. What is the cost of
painting it? (Take π = 22/7)

a) ₹46200 b) ₹45000 c) ₹47260 d) ₹48375

3. The radius of a hemispherical balloon increases from 6 cm to 12 cm as air is beingpumped into

it. The ratios of the surface areas of the balloon in the two cases is

(A) 1 : 4 (B) 1 : 3 (C) 2 : 3 (D) 2 : 1

4. What is the total surface area of a cone of radius 7cm and height 24cm? (Take π = 22/7)

a) 710 cm² b) 704 cm² c) 700 cm² d) 725 cm²

5. Assertion: if a ball is in the shape of a sphere has a surface area of 221.76cm² then it‟s
diameter is 8.4 cm

71
Reason: if the radius of the sphere be r then the surface area, S=4πr²

a) both Assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for Assertion

b) both Assertion and reason are correct but reason is not correct explanation for Assertion

c) Assertion is correct but reason is false

d) both Assertions and reason are false

CASE BASED QUESTION:-

6. In a grinding mill, 5 types of mills were installed. These mills used spherical shaped steel
balls of radius 5 mm, 7 mm, 10 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm respectively. For repairing purposes the mill
needs 10 balls of radius 7 mm and 20 balls of radius 3.5mm. The workshop had 20000mm³ steel
which was melted and 10 balls of radius 7mm and 20 balls of radius 3.5 m were made and the
remaining steel was stored for future use.

i) What was the volume of 10 balls of radius 7mm?

ii) How much steel was kept for future use?

iii) What was the surface area of one ball of radius 7mm?

7. A class teacher brings some clay in the classroom to teach the topic mensuration. First she
forms a cone of radius 10 cm and height 5 cm and then she moulds that cone into a sphere.

(i) Find the volume of the conical shape.

(ii) Find the radius of the sphere.

(iii) Find the volume of the sphere the teacher made.

8. Monica has a piece of canvas whose area is 551 m². She uses it to have a conical tent made,
with a base radius of 7 m. Assuming that all the stitching margins and the wastage incurred while
cutting, amounts to approximately 1 m²

(i) find the slant height of the conical tent so formed.

(ii) Find the height of the conical tent so formed.

(iii) find the volume of the conical tent?

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

9.The surface area of a sphere of radius 5 cm is five times the area of the curved surface of a cone

of radius 4 cm. Find the height and the volume of the cone (taking=22/7)

10.A dome of a building is in the form of a hemisphere. From inside, it was whitewashed at the
cost of ₹498.96. If the rate of whitewashing is ₹4 per

square metre, find the :

(i) Inside surface area of the dome

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(ii) Volume of the air inside the dome.

11. A metallic sphere is of radius 4.9 cm. If the density of the metal is 7.8 g/cm³, find the mass of
the sphere (π = 22/7).

12. The height of a cone is 16 cm and its base radius is 12 cm. Find the curved surface area and
the total surface area of the cone (Use = 3.14).

13. A cone is 8.4 cm high and the radius of its base is 2.1 cm. It is melted and recast into a
sphere. Find the radius of the sphere so formed.

14. A joker‟s cap is in the form of a right circular cone with a base radius of 7 cm and a height of
24 cm. Find the area of the sheet required to make 10 such caps.

15. A hemispherical bowl is made of steel, 0.25 cm thick. The inner radius of the bowl is 5 cm.
Find the outer curved surface area of the bowl.

16. If the radius of a sphere is doubled then what is the ratio of their volumes?

17. Find the capacity in litres of a conical vessel whose diameter is 14 cm and slant height is 25
cm.

18. The area of the circular base of a right circular cone is 78.5 cm². If its height is 12 cm then
find its volume.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

19. A bus stop is barricaded from the remaining part of the road, by using 50 hollow cones made
of recycled cardboard. Each cone has a base diameter of 40 cm and height 1m. If the outer side of
the cone is to be painted and the cost of painting is Rs 12/m². What will be the cost? ( Take π=
3.14 and take 1.04 = 1.02)

20. To maintain the beauty of the monument, the students of the school cleaned and painted the
dome of the monument. The monument is in the form of a hemisphere. From inside, it was white
washed by the students whose area is 249.48 m². Find the volume of the air inside the dome.

21. A right triangle of hypotenuse 13 cm and one of its sides 12 cm is made to revolve taking side
12 cm as its axis. Find the volume and curved surface area of the solid so formed.

22. A right triangle ABC with sides 5 cm, 12 cm and 13 cm is revolved about the side 5 cm. Find
the volume of the solid so obtained. If it is now revolved about the side 12 cm, then what would
be the ratio of the volumes of the two solids obtained in two cases ?

23. A gulab jamun contains sugar syrup up to about 30% of its volume. Find approximately how
much syrup would be found in 45 gulab jamuns each shaped like a sphere of diameter 2.8 cm .

ANSWERS OF PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1
1.
64

2. ₹46200

3. 1 : 4

73
4. 704 cm²

5. Ans: a) both Assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for Assertion

6. (i) 14373.3 mm³

(ii) 2033.4mm³

(iii) 616 mm²

500π
7. (i) cm3
3

(ii) 5 cm
500π
(iii) cm3
3

8. (i) 25m

(ii) 24m

(iii) 1232 m³

9. h= 3 cm

V = 50.29 cm³

10.the inner surface area of the dome is 249.48 m² and the volume of the air inside the dome is
523.9 m³

11. 3845.44g=3.85kg (nearly)

12. CSA= 753.6 cm²

TSA = 1205.76 cm²

13. 2.1 cm

14. Curved surface area of 10 jokers cap =5500 cm2

15. 173.25 cm2

16. 1:8

17. 1.232 litres

18. V = 314cm3

19. ₹384.34

20. V = 523.908 m3

21. CSA = 65π cm2 VOL = 100π cm3

22. VOLUME = 240π cm3

RATIO IS 5:12

23. 1552.32 cm3

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