Design a Narrow-Band Amplifier

High Q Band Pass Filter Using Two Op-Amp

by

Group 6:
Trần Minh Ánh
Phạm Tiến Đạt
Trần Ngọc Hiệp
Trần Đặng Khánh Nam

This Report is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Project Based
Learning 2 Course (PLB2) in Embedded System and IoT (21ES) of Faculty of Science
and Technology

November, 2023

Supervisor: Dr Lê Quốc Huy

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 Project Objective
The objective of this project is to design and construct a narrow –band amplifier with
high Q band pass filter using two operational amplifier (Op-Amps). Our design will
focus on amplifying a specific frequency and rejecting all signals outside that frequency
range effectively

Overview
In this project, we designed a narrow-band amplifier using two Op-Amps. The circuit is
a band-pass filter, allowing signals within a specific frequency range to pass while
attenuating signals outside that range. Our ambition was to design a high Q (quality
factor) amplifier to ensure efficient amplification.

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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 4
1.1 BACKGROUND .................................................................................................... 4
1.2 PROJECT AMBITION............................................................................................. 4
2. CIRCUIT DESIGN ............................................................................................... 4
2.1. OP-AMPS PARAMETERS ...................................................................................... 4
2.2. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................ 5
2.3. HAND CALCULATION ......................................................................................... 8
2.4. EXPERIMENT SETUP ............................................................................................ 8
3. STIMULATION AND TESTING .......................................................................... 9
3.1 LTSPICE ................................................................................................................ 9
3.2 MATLAB ............................................................................................................. 10
4.LABORATORY ..................................................................................................... 10
5.RESULTS ............................................................................................................... 10
5.1 VERIFY ............................................................................................................... 10
5.2 CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................................................... 11

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 1. Introduction
1.1 Background
A filter is a device that passes electrical signals at a certain frequency range with no or
little attenuation and rejects other frequency components. The applications of filters are
wide in nature. In general, the transfer function of a band pass filter is given by
𝑉0 (𝑠) (𝑠 + 𝑧1 )(𝑠 + 𝑧2 ) … (𝑠 + 𝑧3 )
𝐴𝑣 (𝑠) = = 𝐾
𝑉𝑠 (𝑠) (𝑠 + 𝑝1 )(𝑠 + 𝑝2 ) … (𝑠 + 𝑝3 )
Where (−𝑧1 , −𝑧2 , … − 𝑧𝑚 ) = zeros (frequencies for which transfer function is zero)
(−𝑝1 , −𝑝2 , … − 𝑝𝑚 ) = poles (frequencies for which transfer function is infinite)
1.2 Project ambition
In this project, based on [1], the circuits of band-pass filter using only two operational
amplifier is presented which has a controllable quality factor Q through a single
resistance. A circuit was designed to measure the narrow band amplifier with high Q
band pass filter using two Op-Amps. The circuit has measure the amplifier gain (A0)
equals 3 at central frequency 35 kHz (f0).
Comparing with hand calculation, stimulation by LTspice and Matlab, and the practical
realization in the laboratory to identify the efficient of our design. The experimental
results confirm the theory.

2. Circuit design
2.1. Op-Amps parameters
We selected suitable Op-Amp CA3140 that met the project requirements and exhibited
high stability. Pinout of IC was shown in Fig.1 and for more information about this IC,
please follow this link CA3140, CA3140A Datasheet (renesas.com)

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 Fig.1. PINOUT of IC CA3140
2.2. Circuit Description
Consider the general circuit shown in Fig.2. Its voltage transfer function is given by
𝑉0 −𝑍3 /𝑍1
𝐴0 = = 𝑍 𝑍 (1)
𝑉𝑖 1− 3 4
𝑍5 𝑍2

If 𝑍1 = 𝑍2 , put
1 + 𝑠𝐶𝑅
𝑍1 = 𝑍2 = 𝑅 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝐶 =
𝑠𝐶
𝑅
𝑍3 = 𝑅\\𝐶 =
1 + 𝑠𝐶𝑅
𝑍4 = 𝑅4
𝑍5 = 𝑅5
Equation (1) becomes
𝑉0 𝑠𝐶𝑅
= (2)
𝑉𝑖 1+𝑠 2 𝐶 2 𝑅2 +𝑠𝐶𝑅(2−𝐾)
Where
𝑅4
𝐾=
𝑅5
The actual circuit show in Fig.3.
For sinusoidal input s = j the equation (2) becomes
𝑉0 j𝐶𝑅
= (3)
𝑉𝑖 1+2 𝐶 2 𝑅2 +j𝐶𝑅(2−𝐾)
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Put CR = u (normalized form) equation (3) becomes
𝑉0 j𝑢
= (4)
𝑉𝑖 (1−𝑢)2 +𝑗𝑢(2−𝐾)
𝑉
Center frequency 𝑢0 = 1, and gain | 0| is maximum at this value which is given by
𝑉𝑖

𝑉 1
| 0| = (5)
𝑉𝑖 2−𝐾
The lower and upper cutoff frequency 𝑢𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢ℎ are given by:
−(2−𝐾)+√(2−𝐾)2 +4
𝑢𝑙 = (6)
2
(2−𝐾)+√(2−𝐾)2 +4
𝑢ℎ = (7)
2
The bandwidth of the filter circuit is given by
𝐵. 𝑊. = 𝑢ℎ − 𝑢𝑙 (8)
Or 𝐵. 𝑊. = (2 − 𝐾) (9)
The quality factor
𝑢0
𝑄= (10)
𝑢ℎ −𝑢𝑙
1
Or 𝑄= (11)
(2−𝐾)
It is clearly seen from equation (11) that Q approaches infinity as K approach the value
2
The Q can be controlled by 𝑅4 and 𝑅5 .
It mean that in order to design our circuit, we must choose the value of 𝑅4 , 𝑅5 , and C
also

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Fig.2. The general circuit

Fig.3. Actual circuit

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2.3. Hand Calculation

2.4. Experiment setup

From hand calculation, the circuit was tested for R = 4,5kΩ, 𝑅4 = 30𝑘Ω, 𝑅5 = 18𝑘Ω,
𝑅4 5
C = 1nF. So 𝐾 = =
𝑅5 3

An IC CA3140 which is an operational amplifier was used and operated with a 9V and
-9V supply. An input signal 1V of was given. The real circuit was showed in Fig.4.

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 Fig.4. The real circuit

3. Stimulation and Testing

3.1 LTspice

Fig.5. Circuit of bandpass filter in LTspice

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 Fig.6. Frequency response of band pass filter in LTspice
3.2 Matlab

Fig.7. Frequency response of band pass filter by using tf and bode command in Matlab
4.Laboratory
5. Results
5.1 Verify results
Calculate LTspice Error Matlab Error Laboratory Error
(%) (%) (%)
𝐴0 9.54dB 9.5dB 0.41% 9.54dB 0%
f0 35kHz 34kHz 2.8% 35.5kHz 1.42%
Table I: The results and error of for circuit band pass filter

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From the Table I, the calculation of our group is similar with stimulation in LTspice and
Matlab. The errors is very little. The reason for this is due to rounding of data in our
calculation by choosing resistant and capacitor also.
But in general, the project results in a narrow band amplifier with high quality factor,
meeting the project’s requirements. This amplifier has the capability to enhance signals
at a specific frequency (35 kHz) while rejecting all signals outside these frequency
range.

5.2 Conclusions
A narrow-band Amplifier with high Q band pass filter using two Op-Amps has been
reported. The circuit realizes a high Q band pass filter, which is controllable through a
single element as a resistance. The results of experimental study confirm the theory of
band pass filter.

References

[1] R. C. a. T. N.Blalock, Microelectronic Circuit Design.

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