Here we learn how and why SP is related with other subjects e There are three levels of analysis e Societal level- identify the link btwn broad social forms and general patterns of behavior ( homicides rates, voting behavior, consumer spending, e Individual level-with the help of personality traits and motives as the reasons of peoples behavior e Interpersonal level- The idea is that change the social een individual change ( others attitude others behavior etc...Sociology and social psychology e Sociology is the study of society(social system, relationship, institutes, and entire society. eSP shares freely ideas, methods and models with sociology elt is difficult to distinguish between both eSP study of individual in society we are adopting the methods like ethnography and qualitative research more popular with the domain of sociologySocial psychology and Anthropology e Study of human being e The subject concerned of mapping human variation and to explain, interpret and understand the directions in the development of human behavior e Main topic of investigation are primitive societies ,cultural relativism, unity of human species, human diversity and human evolution e SP can make use of theories and about cultures and society which might assist in the explanation of the individual behavior ina particular society. e Anthropology can give a clear picture of the cultural and social context to a social psychologistSocial psychology and sociolinguistics e Sociolinguistics — area of study which connects language with society e Discipline uses theories and methods from diverse field like psychology, sociology, anthropology to understand languages in society Sociolinguistics is centrally concerns with methodology. e The study of languages contributes not only in terms of languages behaviors but the rich data helps in building theories. ¢ The fields of sociolinguistics equally borrow theories from social psychology to draw inferences about behaviors from the linguistic datae The scientific foundation of applied social psychology can be traced at least as far back as the 1930s to the thinking and work of social psychologist Kurt Lewin (1936). e Lewin conducted research on a variety of practical issues and social problems such as how to get people to eat healthier diets and how interpersonal relations and productivity are affected by different supervisory styles.e Lewin and his colleagues (Lewin, Lippitt, & White, 1939) e conducted an experiment in which they had groups of schoolboys work on hobbies under the direction of a male adult who varied his leadership in one of three ways: autocratic (controlling, gave orders, made the decisions), democratic (asked for input, allowed boys to make choices), or laissez-faire (interacted little with boys, mainly observed). e The results for interpersonal relations and productivity generally favored the democratic style.It is important to recognize that Lewin’s goal was not only to further the scientific understanding of these topics but also to contribute to their solutions. e Very important to him was linking psychological theory to application, and the following words of Lewin (1944/1951) represent probably the most commonly cited quotation in social psychologye The 1930s and 1940s witnessed,, a flurry of concern with applied. i is much of which stemmed from the rise. In fact, Brehm, Kassin, and Fein (1999) went so far as to suggest that Adolf Hitler had more influence on the field of social psychology than did any other person, including leading social psychologists: “Hitler's rise to power and the ensuing turmoil 2 art are e nal aie questions about what i i and a host of other social problems and behaviors" observed that the foundation of applied social psychology was set by 1950 because the potential of using scientific methods to address social problems had been demonstrated successfully by, for instance, Lewin and colleagues’ (1939) work on the effects o' autocratic leadership and Sherif's (1966b) work on conflict resolution. It seemed as though an applied psychology centered in the field of social psychology was poised to take off. Yet the “takeoff” did not occur for another 20 years or so.e social psychology, there occurred a backlash to applied developments. e The negative reaction emanated largely from a widespread concern that “applied” was synonymous with low quality and, thus, threatened the scientific integrity of the discipline e During the late 1940s and the 1950s, social psychology experienced a concerted movement away from applied concerns to a “pure science” emphasis on theory and laboratory experiments focused on basic social processes (e.g., processes of attitude formation and change, group structure, impression formation). e In fact, the relationship between research on basic processes and applied research(schism)was describedThe events around Worl i i social psychology, so too did the events of the 1960s. e A host of powerful social and political occurrences (e.g., assassinations of John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. war in Vietnam, race riots campus protests, civil tights movement. women's liberation movement) forced increased f pressing social issues in American society.e. Many of the problems were the same as those that had come to a focus during the 1930s and 1940s (e.g., violence, prejudice), and some were new (e.g., social injustice). e There were increased cries—both within psychology (including from students) and in the broader society—for psychology to become more socially relevant# At the same time, many social psychologists had begun to criticize jointing out that the field. would benefit from L i O that also included e The emergence. of a clearly defined field of applied social psycholog was a 1969 series of articles in American Psychologist that focused on the interface between science and social issues. Some of the titles of the articles reflected the emerging applied emphasis of the field: 1. “Psychology as. a Means of Promoting Human Welfare” (Miller, 1969); 2..“Social Psychology in an Era of Social Change” (Weick, 1969); 3.“Socially Relevant Science: Reflections on Some Studies of 4.“Experimental Psychology and Social Responsibility” (Walker, 1969); 5.“Reforms as Experiments” (Campbell, 1969)¢ Applied social psychology surfaced during the 1970s as a clearly identifiable field There were several notable benchmarks, including the establishment of ajournal devoted specifically to applied issues and research, The journal of applied social psychology, in 1970-1971 e the founding of the psychology at layola ickman, 1981). e These soon were followed by other developments that reinforced the identity of applied social psychology, including another j i e the first textbook in applied social psychology (fisher's social. C 5 ip ToaD e So, after some delay, the field of applied social psychology finally took off—“an actualization of long-term fundamental trends in the science” (reich, 1981, p. 65)Applied social psychology is firmly entrenched as a branch of social psychology.Applied social psychology is firmly entrenched as a branch of social psychology.