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PHMP Lab Prelim Lesson 1

This document discusses various types of culture media used for growing microorganisms. It describes different classifications of culture media including consistency (liquid, semi-solid, solid), composition (synthetic/defined vs non-synthetic/complex), distribution (plate, tube), and use (general purpose, enrichment, differential, selective, special). Examples are provided for each type of media as well as their purposes and components that allow selective growth of certain microbes.

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38 views2 pages

PHMP Lab Prelim Lesson 1

This document discusses various types of culture media used for growing microorganisms. It describes different classifications of culture media including consistency (liquid, semi-solid, solid), composition (synthetic/defined vs non-synthetic/complex), distribution (plate, tube), and use (general purpose, enrichment, differential, selective, special). Examples are provided for each type of media as well as their purposes and components that allow selective growth of certain microbes.

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PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY

CULTURE AND CULTURE MEDIA 2. NON-SYNTHETIC or COMPLEX MEDIUM

CULTURES - Medium in which some substances are unknown


- Peptones, Meat and Yeast Extract
● Growth of microorganisms in a culture media. - Useful for isolation of medically significant bacteria
Utilizing effective and appropriate culture media for - Ex: Nutrient broth (NB) broth medium, TSB and
growth, transport, and storage facilitates the study MAC agar
in Bacteriology
3. TISSUE CULTURE MEDIUM
CULTURE MEDIA
- Used for obligate intracellular bacteria (Rickettsia
● Composed of a mixture of nutrients such as carbon, and Chlamydia)
nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen, oxygen and - Example: W138 cells, HeLA 299 Cells and McCoy
buffers cells
- HeLa 299 cells - Human cervical tissue
TYPES: Liquid, Semi-solid and Solid Medium - McCoy cells – Fibroblast
- W138 cells - Fibroblast
TYPES OF CULTURE
C. ACCORDING TO THE DISPENSING OR DISTRIBUTION
PURE CULTURE - It is composed of only one species
PLATE MEDIA - Distributed into the dish or plate
MIXED CULTURE - It is composed of more than one species
TUBE MEDIA - Prepared as either liquid, slant, butt and
STOCK CULTURE slant or butt

- It is composed several culture species contained in EXAMPLES:


a separate culture medium (one species per culture
medium).  Triple sugar iron (TSI)
- It is used for academic and industrial purposes.  SIM
 Simmon’s citrate agar
CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURE MEDIA  Lysine iron agar (LIA)

A. ACCORDING TO CONSISTENCY

1. LIQUID MEDIUM

- It does not contain any amount of agar


- It allows the growth of aerobes, anaerobes and
facultative anaerobes
- Ex: Brain heart infusion, trypticase soy broth (TSB)
and thioglycollate.

2. SEMI-SOLID MEDIUM

- It contains 0.5% to 1% Agar D. ACCORDING TO USE


- It is used to observe bacterial motility and detect
indole and sulfide production 1. SIMPLE MEDIA, GENERAL PURPOSE MEDIA AND
- Ex: Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM) Medium SUPPORTIVE MEDIA

3. SOLID MEDIUM - Routinely used in the laboratory and without


additional supplement
- It contains 2% to 3% agar - Support the growth of most non-fastidious bacteria
- Ex: Triple sugar Iron (TSI) agar, MacCOnkey (MAC) - Usually composed of meat and soybean extract
agar, Blood agar plate (BAP) and Chocolate agar - Ex: Nutrient agar, Nutrient broth and Tryptone soy
plate (CAP) broth (TSB)

B. ACCORDING TO COMPOSITION 2. Enrichment media (Liquid-type media)

1. SYNTHETIC OR DEFINED MEDIUM - Used to propagate the growth of certain group of


bacteria from a mixture of organisms.
- Medium in which all the components are known - Contain specific nutrients and without additional
- Used for research purposes supplement
- Preferred for isolation of cyanobacterium and - Example: Alkaline peptone water, Selenite F,
chemoorganotrophs Thioglycollate, Tetrathionate, Gram-negative (GN)
- Ex: BG-11 medium broth and Lim broth

BLOOD AGAR PLATE- Hemolytic pattern of bacteria

CHOCOLATE AGAR PLATE - Recovery of Haemophilus


PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
4. Differential Media Xylose lysine desoxycholate Agar

- These media allow the visualization of metabolic


differences between groups of bacteria
- Example: MAC, BAP, eosin methylene blue (EMB)
and Hektoen Enteric Agar (HEA)

MacConkey Agar - Indicator: Neutral red

Blood Agar Plate - Differentiate hemolytic pattern of


streptococci

5. Selective Media
6. Special Media
- These media are incorporated with antibiotics, dyes
or chemicals to inhibit the growth of other - Used to isolate bacteria with specific growth
organisms. requirements
- Example: HEA, MAC, Xylose lysine desoxycholate - Example: Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium and
(XLD) agar, Bismuth sulfate agar (BSA), Mannitol Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar.
Salt Agar (MSA) and Thayer-Martin Agar (TMA)
LOWENSTEIN-JENSEN MEDIUM
Other selective media:

 Gentamicin blood agar: Streptococcus


 Bacitracin chocolate agar: Haemophilus
 Blood agar plate with ampicillin: Aeromonas
 Phenylethyl alcohol: Gram positive bacteria
 Colistin-Nalidixic acid (CNA) agar: Gram positive
bacteria

Inhibitory substances
Composed of Whole eggs and malachite green
Gram Positive Bacteria Crystal/Gentian violet, basic/carbol
fuchsin and bile salt

Gram Negative Potassium tellurite and sodium


Bacteria azide

For Swarming Bacteria Alcohol and chloral hydrate

MEDIA DESCRIPTION

Hektoen Enteric Agar Bile salt and dyes: Inhibit indigenous


(HEA) microbiota of LGIT; used for
recovery of fecal bacteria
pH indicator: Bromthymol blue

MacConkey Agar Bile salts and crystal violet: inhibit


(MAC gram-positive bacteria; used for
recovery of fecal bacteria

Xylose Lysine Xylose, lysine, sucrose, 0.25%


Desoxycholate Agar sodium desoxycholate and sodium
(XLD) thiosulfate; for fecal bacteria
Differentiate: Shigella and
Salmonella

Mannitol Salt Agar Support growth of Staphylococcus


(MSA) aureus

Thayer-Martin Agar Selective for Neisseria sp.


(TMA)

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