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5.1 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

DEVELOPMENT
L T P
5 - -
RATIONALE

In the present day scenario, it has become imperative to impart entrepreneurship and
management concepts to students so that a significant percentage of them can be directed
towards setting up and managing their own small enterprises. It may be further added that an

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entrepreneurial mindset with managerial skills helps the student in the job market. This subject
focuses on imparting the necessary competencies and skills of enterprise set up and its
management.

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

After undergoing this course, the students will be able to :

pd
ic
• Know about various schemes of assistance by entrepreneurial support agencies
hn
• Conduct market survey
• Prepare project report
ec

• Explain the principles of management including its functions in an organisation.

• Have insight into different types of organizations and their structures.
yt

• Inculcate leadership qualities to motivate self and others.

• Manage human resources at the shop-floor
ol

• Maintain and be a part of healthy work culture in an organisation.

.p

• Use marketing skills for the benefit of the organization.

• Maintain books of accounts and take financial decisions.
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• Undertake store management.

• Use modern concepts like TQM, JIT and CRM.
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DETAILED CONTENTS

SECTION – A
ENTREPRENEURSHIP

1. Introduction (04 Periods)

1.1 Concept /Meaning and its need

1.2 Qualities and functions of entrepreneur and barriers in entrepreneurship

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1.3 Sole proprietorship and partnership forms and other forms of business
organisations
1.4 Schemes of assistance by entrepreneurial support agencies at National, State,
District –level, organisation: NSIC, NRDC, DC, MSME, SIDBI, NABARD,
NIESBUD, HARDICON Ltd., Commercial Banks, SFC’s TCO, KVIB, DIC,
Technology Business Incubators (TBI) and Science and Technology Entrepreneur
Parks

2. Market Survey and Opportunity Identification/Ideation (04 Periods)

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2.1 Scanning of the business environment
2.2 Salient features of National and Haryana State industrial policies and resultant

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business opportunities
2.3 Types and conduct of market survey

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2.4 Assessment of demand and supply in potential areas of growth
2.5 Identifying business opportunity
2.6 Considerations in product selection
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2.7 Converting an idea into a business opportunity
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3. Project report Preparation (06 Periods)

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3.1 Preliminary project report

3.2 Detailed project report including technical, economic and market feasibility
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3.3 Common errors in project report preparations

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3.4 Exercises on preparation of project report

3.5 Sample project report
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SECTION –B
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MANAGEMENT
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4. Introduction to Management (06 Periods)

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4.1 Definitions and importance of management

4.2 Functions of management: Importance and process of planning, organising,
staffing, directing and controlling
4.3 Principles of management (Henri Fayol, F.W. Taylor)
4.4 Concept and structure of an organisation
4.5 Types of industrial organisations and their advantages
4.6 Line organisation, staff organisation
4.7 Line and staff organisation
4.8 Functional Organisation
5. Leadership and Motivation (08 Periods)
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5.1 Leadership: Definition and Need, Qualities and functions of a leader, Manager Vs
leader, Types of leadership, Case studies of great leaders
5.2 Motivation: Definition and characteristics, Importance of self motivation, Factors
affecting motivation, Theories of motivation (Maslow, Herzberg, Douglas,
McGregor)

6. Management Scope in Different Areas (14 Periods)

6.1 Human Resource Management: Introduction and objective, Introduction to Man

power planning, recruitment and selection, Introduction to performance appraisal
methods

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6.2 Material and Store Management: Introduction functions, and objectives, ABC
Analysis and EOQ

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6.3 Marketing and sales: Introduction, importance, and its functions, Physical
distribution, Introduction to promotion mix, Sales promotion

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6.4 Financial Management: Introductions, importance and its functions, knowledge of
income tax, sales tax, excise duty, custom duty, VAT, GST
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7. Work Culture (08 Periods)
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7.1 Introduction and importance of Healthy Work Culture in organization
7.2 Components of Culture
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7.3 Importance of attitude, values and behavior

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7.4 Behavioural Science – Individual and group behavior.

7.5 Professional ethics – Concept and need of Professional Ethics and human values.
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8. Basic of Accounting and Finance (10 Periods)

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8.1 Basic of Accounting: Meaning and definition of accounting, Double entry system of book keeping,
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Trading account, PLA account and balance sheet of a company

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8.2 Objectives of Financial Management: Profit Maximization v/s Wealth Maximization

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9. Miscellaneous Topics (10 Periods)

9.1Total Quality Management (TQM): Statistical process control, Total employees

Involvement, Just in time (JIT)
9.2 Intellectual Property Right (IPR) : Introduction, definition and its importance,
Infringement related to patents, copy right, trade mark
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

Some of the topics may be taught using question/answer, assignment, seminar or case study
method. The teacher will discuss stories and case studies with students, which in turn will
develop appropriate managerial and entrepreneurial qualities in the students. In addition,
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expert lecturers may also be arranged from outside experts and students may be taken to
nearby industrial organisations on visit. Approach extracted reading and handouts may be
provided.

MEANS OF ASSESSMENT

− Assignments and quiz/class tests

− Mid-term and end-term written tests
− Model/Prototype making.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

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1. A Handbook of Entrepreneurship, Edited by BS Rathore and Dr JS Saini; Aapga
Publications, Panchkula (Haryana)

f.c
2. Entrepreneurship Development and Management by J.S.Narang; Dhanpat Rai & Sons,
Delhi.
3. Entrepreneurship Development by CB Gupta and P Srinivasan, Sultan Chand and Sons,

4.
New Delhi
Handbook of Small Scale Industry by PM Bhandari pd
ic
5. Entrepreneurship Development and Management by MK Garg
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6. E-books/e-tools/relevant software to be used as recommended by AICTE/ NITTTR,
Chandigarh.
ec

Websites for Reference:

yt

http://swayam.gov.in
ol
.p
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SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allotted (%)

(Periods)
1 04 06
2 04 06

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3 06 08
4 06 08
5 08 12
6 14 20
7 08 12
8 10 14
9 10 14
Total 70 100

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f.c
pd
ic
hn
ec
yt
ol
.p
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 138

5.2 SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION

L T P
5 1 -
RATIONALE

In view of the complexities associated with the modern interconnected power stations, the
responsibilities and the job requirements of a diploma passouts have become more complex
than what they used to be earlier. He is required to work with modern electrical equipment and
maintain reliability of supply.
The course is designed to develop understanding of the principles and working of protective
switchgear so that one can handle, install and maintain them and also take decisions at his level

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in different situations.
This subject teaching requires reinforcement from visits to substations, power stations and well
designed laboratory experiences. A practical orientation to the teaching of this subject is

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suggested.

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

After undergoing the subject, students will be able to:

ic
• assess type of fault diagnosis
hn
• know circuit breaker operation
• know relay operation
ec

• know read about protection schemes

• Know about different types of substations and read single line diagrams
yt
ol

DETAILED CONTENTS
.p

1. Faults (15 Periods)

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Types of faults, three phase symeterical faults, effects of faults on system reliability and
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stability, abnormalities, short circuits and their effects, representation of fault

conditions through single line diagrams
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2. Switchgear (24 Periods)

2.1 Purpose of protective gear, characteristics of a protection system.

2.2 Classification of fuses H.V. Fuses, application and working, grading and co-
ordination L.V. fuses, selection of fuses, characteristics
2.3 Isolators and switches, outdoor isolators, functions, air break switches, braking
capacity of switches.
2.4 Circuit breakers :- requirements of circuit breakers, definition of terms
associated with circuit-breakers, reasons for arc formation, principles of arc
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extinction, types of circuit-breakers, comparison with oil circuit breaker,

classification, rating of circuit breakers, working of different types of air and
oil circuit breakers, specification of circuit breakers, maintenance schedule, SF-
6 and Vacuum circuit breakers.
2.5 Relays:Requirement of relays, operation principles, induction type over current,
directional over current, differential, percentage differential relays working,
applications and characteristics, basic principles of static relays. Introduction
too distance relay.

3. Protective Schemes (15 Periods)

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3.1 Protection of alternators, stator faults, rotor faults, mechanical conditions,
external faults - their reasons, effect and protections used.
3.2 Protection of power transformer: types of faults, its effects, types of proective

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schemes over current, earth fault, differential protection, Buckholtz devices,
winding temp. protection.

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3.3 Motor protection: types of faults and protection in motors, thermal relays,
protection of small motors, under voltage protection.
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3.4 Protection of feeders: radial, parallel and ring feeders protection, directional
time and current graded schemes, differential protection.
hn

4. Protection Against Over Voltages (15 Periods)

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Causes of over voltages, travelling waves earth wire, protective zone, lightening
yt

arrestors, space-gap and electrolytic arrestors, surge absorber, location and rating of
lighening arrestors. Thyrite lightening arrestor.
ol
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5. Different Type of Sub-stations (15

Periods)
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5.1
Layout, single line diagram, busbar arrangement, equipment, their fuctions,
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accessories, study of protective schemes, batteries and their maintenance,

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operation of small sub-stations.

5.2 Reactors: types of reactors, busbar reactor, tuning reactor, arc-supression
reactor, connection of reactors in power stations, uses of reactors.
5.3 Neutralgrounding:- types of grounding solid grounding, reactance grounding,
arc suppression, coil grounding, choice of method of neutral earthing,
grounding of sub-stations, grounding of line structure and substation equipment.
5.4 Concept of G.I.S. (Gas Insulated Substation)
RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Switchgear and Protection by NagrathKathan; TMH

2. Switchgear and Protection by Soni Gupta &Bhatnagar; Dhanpat Rai & Sons
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 140

3. Switchgear and Protection by Sunil S. Rao; Dhanpat Rai & Sons

4. Switchgear and Protection by HarnoonAsfaqHussain; Khanna Publications
5. Switchgear and Protection by J.B. Gupta; Kataria& Sons
6. Switchgear and Protection by U.A Bakshi; Technical Publications, Pune

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No Time Allotted Marks Allocation

(Periods) (%)

1 15 16

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2 24 30

3 15 18

f.c
4 15 18

pd
5 15 18

Total 84 100
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hn
ec
yt
ol
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 141

5.3 PLC, MICRO CONTROLLER & SCADA

L T P
6 - 6
RATIONALE

A diploma holder, employed in automated industrial process controls or in automated power

station, will be required to know the basic of programmable logic controllers, their working
and their programming. In industry, many manufacturing processes demand a sequence of
operation, which are to be performed repetitively. Early automation system was mechanical in
design, timing and sequencing being effected by gears and cams. Now this design concept was
replaced by programmable logic controllers (PLC). A PLC is a solid state device. PLCs are

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widely used in all industries for efficient control operations. Looking at the industrial
applications of PLCs in the industry, this subject finds its usefulness in present curriculum.

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Microcontrollers and SCADA have also assumed great significance in the field of electronics,
power system, large industry and engineering field. This subject aims to expose the diploma

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students to both of these and give them adequate knowledge of these topics.
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DETAILED CONTENTS
hn
1. Introduction (24
Periods)
ec

Concept of PLC, building block of PLC, function of various blocks, limitation of

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relays, advantage of PLC over electromagnetic relays, different programming

languages, PLC manufacturer, working of PLC, basic operation and principles of PLC,
ol

architectural details.
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2. Instruction Set (20

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Periods)
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2.1 Basic instructions like latch, master control self holding relays, timer instruction
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like retentive timers, resetting of timers, counter instructions like up counter,

resetting of counters.
2.2 LadderDiagram Programming : programming based on basic instructions,
timer, counter, sequencer, and comparison instructions using ladder program.

3. Microcontroller series (MCS)-51 over view (20

Periods)

Pin details, I/O ports structure, memory organisation, special function registers
instruction set, addressing modes, timers operation, serial port operation, interrupts.

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4. Assembly language programming (10

Periods)

Assemblers and Compilers, assembler directives, design and interface.

Examples like: keypad interface, 7- segment interface, LCD, Stepper motor , A/D, D/A
, RTC interface, introduction of PIC microcontrollers.

5. SCADA (10
Periods)

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Introduction, role of SCADA in dispatch centre, operator console, VDUs, types of
communication channels in SCADA systems, RTUs, MTUs, data loggers, report
generation, report analysis and actions.

f.c
LIST OF PRACTICALS

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PLCs
1. Components / sub components of aPLC, learning functions of different modules of a
ic
PLCs
2. Practical steps in programming a PLC (a) using hand held programmer (b) using
hn
computer interface.
3. Introduction to step programming language, ladder diagram concepts, instruction list
ec

syntax.
4. Basic logic operations, AND, NOT, OR functions
yt

5. Use of PLC for an application

Car parking, doorbell operation, traffic light control, washing machine, motor in
ol

forward and reverse direction

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Microcontrollers
6. Familiarization of micro controllers (8051) kit
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7. Testing of general input/ output on micro controller board

8. Use of micro controller liken in relays, buzzer of working machine, oven
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INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

Introduce the subject and make the students familiar with applications of PLCs, micro
controller and SCADA. The inputs start with theoretical inputs to architecture, instruction set ,
assembly language programming, small projects may identified, PLC ladder diagram and
programming should be supplemented with visits to industry.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Introduction to PLCs by Gary Dunning , McGraw Hill

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 143

2. Module on PLCs and their applications by Rajesh Kumar, NITTTR Chandigarh

3. Micro controller by Ayala, Penram International
4. Power system SCADA and smart Grids by Mini S. Thomas and John D. McDonald

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allocations

(Periods) (%)
1 24 26

2 20 24

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3 20 24

f.c
4 10 13

pd
5 10 ic 13

Total 84 100
hn
ec
yt
ol
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 144

5.4 ELECTRICAL MACHINES - II

L T P
616
RATIONALE

Electrical machines is a subject where a student will deal with various types of electrical

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machines which are employed in industries, power stations, domestic and commercial
appliances etc. After studying this subject, an electrical diploma holder must be competent to
repair and maintain these machines and give suggestions to improve their performance.

f.c
Explanation of practical aspects of the subject will make the students capable of performing
various tests on the machines as per latest BIS specifications

pd
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LEARNING OUTCOMES
hn
After undergoing the subject, students will be able to:

• Demonstrate the constructional features of a synchronous machine and its working as a

ec

synchronous motor
• Operate the synchronous motor as synchronous condenser
yt

• Use 3-φ induction motor in the industry for various operations

ol

• Operate and maintain three phase squirrel cage and three phase slip ring induction motors.
• Start and reverse the direction of rotation of three phase induction motors using different types of
.p

starters.
• Conduct speed control of three phase induction motor.
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• Operate and maintain double cage induction motors.

• Recognize the condition of cogging and crawling in three phase induction motors.
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• Operate different types of single phase induction motors.

• Operate different types of special purpose motors
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DETAILED CONTENTS

1. 3 Phase Induction Motors (25 Periods)

1.1 Production of rotating magnetic field in 3 phase winding.

1.2 Salient constructional features of squirrel cage and slip ring 3-phase induction
motors
1.3 Principle of operation, slip and its significance
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1.4 Locking of rotor and stator fields

1.5 Rotor resistance, inductance, emf and current
1.6 Relationship between rotor copper losses, slip and rotor input power.
1.7 Power flow diagram of an induction motor
1.8 Factors determining the torque
1.9 Torque-slip curve, stable and unstable zones
1.10 Effect of rotor resistance upon the torque slip curve
1.11 Double cage rotor motor and its applications
1.12 Starting of 3-phase induction motors, DOL, star-delta, auto transformer
starter.
1.13 Causes of low power factor of induction motors

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1.14 Testing of 3-phase motor on no load and blocked rotor test and to find
efficiency
1.15 Method of Speed control of induction motor

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1.16 Harmonics and its effects, cogging and crawling in Induction Motors.
1.17 Specifications and ratings of induction motors.

2. Single Phase Motors

pd (18 Periods)
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2.1 Single phase induction motors; Construction characteristics, specifications and
hn
applications.
2.2 Nature of field produced in single phase induction motor-double revolving
ec

field theory.
2.3 Split phase induction motor
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2.3.1 Capacitor start, capacitor run, capacitor start and run motor
2.3.2 Shaded pole motor
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2.4 Alternating current series motor and universal motors, construction,working

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principle and operation, application.

2.5 Single phase synchronous motor
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2.5.1 Reluctance motor

2.5.2 Hysteresis motor
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3 Synchronous Machines (25 periods)

3.1 Main constructional features of synchronous machine including commutator and

brushless excitation system
3.2 Generation of three phase emf
3.3 Concept of distribution factor and coil span factor and emf equationArmature
reaction at unity, lag and lead power factor
3.4 Equivalent circuit diagram of synchronous machine
3.5 Concept of voltage regulation. Determination of voltage regulation by
synchronous impedance method.

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3.6 Operation of single synchronous machine independently supplying a load.

3.7 Concept of infinite bus bar. Need and necessary conditions of parallel
operation of alternators, synchronizing an alternator (Synchroscope method)
with the bus bars
3.8 Operation of synchronous machine as a motor –its starting methods
3.9 Effect of change in excitation of a synchronous motor, V curve, Concept of
synchronous condenser.
3.10 Concept and cause of hunting and its prevention
3.11 Specification, rating and cooling of synchronous machines
3.12 Applications of synchronous machines

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4. Special Purpose Machines (16 periods )

Construction, working principle and application of linear induction motor, stepper

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motor, AC Servomotor, Submersible Motor,

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LIST OF PRACTICALS ic
1. Determination of efficiency by (a) no load test and blocked rotor test on an induction
motor (b) direct loading of an induction motor (refer BIS code)
hn
2. Determination of effect of rotor resistance on torque speed curve of an induction motor
Observe the performance of a ceiling fan (I-φ) induction motor) without capacitor
ec

3. Determine the effect of change in capacitor on the performance of 1-phase induction

motor and reverse the direction of motor.
yt

4. To plot relationship between no load terminal voltage and excitation current in a

synchronous generator at constant speed
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5. Determination of the relationship between the voltage and load current of an alternator,
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keeping excitation and speed constant

6. Determination of the regulation and efficiency of alternator from the open circuit and
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short circuit test

7. Determination of the effect of variation of excitation on performance of a synchronous
w

motor
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INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

Teacher should lay-emphasis on development of understanding amongst students about basic

principles of operation and control of electrical machines. This may be achieved by
conducting quiz tests and by giving home assignments. The teachers should also conduct
laboratories classes themselves encouraging each should to perform with his/her own hands
and draw conclusions.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

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 147

1. Electrical Machines by SK Bhattacharya; Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi

2. Electrical Machine by B.L.Thareja; S.ChandPublicaion, New Delhi
3. Electrical Machines by SK Sahdev; Uneek Publications, Jalandhar
4. Electrical Machines by Nagrath and Kothari; Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
5. Electrical Engineering by JB Gupta; SK Kataria and sons, New Delhi
6. Electrical Machines by Samarjit Ghosh; Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt, Ltd.
Delhi
7. e-books/e-tools/relevant software to be used as recommended by AICTE/UBTE/NITTTR,
Chandigarh.

om
Websites for Reference:

f.c
http://swayam.gov.in

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No
pd
Time Allotted
(Periods)
Marks Allocation
(%)
ic
1 25 30
hn

2 18 22
ec

3 25 30
yt

4 16 18
ol

Total 84 100
.p
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 148

5.5.1 RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY

L T P
6 - -

RATIONALE

Since the conventional energy resources are under fast depletion, it is high time to tap the non-
conventional energy sources also. So, the solution primarily lies in tapping all possible energy
generation sources but efficient use of available energy is also important. The electrical
diploma holder must be made aware about saving and conserving Electrical Energy and tackle

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the problems of environmental pollution as they will have to face this challenge in future life.
Hence the subject.

f.c
LEARNING OUTCOMES

pd
After undergoing the subject, the students will be able to:

• Explain the importance of non-conventional energy sources for the present energy
ic
scenario.
hn
• Classify various non-conventional sources of energy
• Explain principle of solar photovoltaic energy conversion and the applications of solar
ec

energy in different fields.

• Explain basic conversion technologies of biomass, wind energy, geo-thermal, tidal
yt

energy, hydro energy and its applications.

• Explain direct energy conversion systems like magneto hydrodynamics and fuel cells
ol

and its applications.

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DETAILED CONTENTS
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1. Basic of Energy (06 periods)

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Classification of Energy-primary and secondary energy, commercial and non-

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commercial energy, importance of non conventional energy sources, present

scenario,future prospectus, energy scenario in India,sector-wise energy
consumption(domestic, industrial, agriculture etc.), comparison between
renewable andnon renewable energy resources

2. Solar Energy (20 periods)

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Principle of conversion of solar radiation into heat, using different types of solar
collectors, photo-voltaic cell, electricity generation, application of solar energy like
solar water heaters, solar furnaces, solar cookers, solar lighting, solar pumping,
installation & maintenance of solar power plant

3. Bio-energy (14 periods)

Bio-mass conversion technologies& their types- wet and dry processes. Methods for
obtaining energy from biomass. Power generation by using gasifiers

4. Wind Energy (12 periods)

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Wind energy conversion, windmills, electricity generation from wind- types of wind
mills, local control, energy storage

5. Geo-thermal and Tidal Energy (16 periods)

f.c
Geo-thermal sources, Ocean thermal electric conversion, open and closed cycles,

pd
hybrid cycles. Prime movers for geo-thermal energy conversion. Steam Generation
and electricity generation. Different types of tidal energy systems
ic
6. Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) Power Generation (04 periods)
hn
7. Fuel Cell (10
periods)
ec

Concept, types of fuel cells, operating principles of a fuel cell, conversion efficiency,
yt

work output and e.m.f of fuel cells, applications.

ol

8. Hydro Energy (06 periods)

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Mini & Micro hydro plants

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INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

The teacher should make the student s aware about the depletion of energy sources and the availability
of alternate sources of energy their feasibility and limitations. The need for adopting non-conventional
energy sources should be made clear to students. While explaining the need and energy management,
the teacher should give students home assignments bases on energy conservation. The students should
be made familiar with the energy efficient devices, various approaches to conserve energy, energy
auditing procedure etc. Teacher must give practical application of these energy sources in nearby
surrounding areas.

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 150

MEANS OF ASSESSMENT

− Assignments and quiz/class tests, mid-term and end-term written tests, model/prototype making
− Actual laboratory and practical work, model/prototype making, assembly and
disassembly exercises and viva-voce

RECOMMENDED BOOKS :

1. Non-Conventional Energy Resources by RK Singal; SK Kataria and Sons, New Delhi

2. Solar Energy Utilization; GD Rai; Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
3. Reviews of Renewable Energy Sources, Vol. 3, Edited by MS Sodha, S.S. Mathur, MAS
Malik, TC Kandpal ; Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi.

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4. Renewable Energy Sources and Conversion Technology by NK Bansal, Manfred
Kleemann, Michael Meliss; Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd New Delhi.

f.c
5. Energy Today and Tomorrow; Maheshwar Dayal; Publications Division, Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India, New Delhi.
6. Energy Technology (Nnon-Conventional, Renewable and Conventional) by S Rao and

pd
BB Parulekar; Khanna Publishers, New Delhi
7. e-books/e-tools/relevant software to be used as recommended by
ic
AICTE/UBTE/NITTTR.
hn
Websites for Reference:
ec

http://swayam.gov.in

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

yt

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allocation

ol

(periods) (%)
.p

1. 06 8
2. 16 20
w

3. 14 16
4. 12 14
w

5. 16 20
w

6. 04 05
7. 10 12
8. 06 08
Total 84 100

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 151

5.5.2 ELECTRIC TRACTION

L T P
6 - -

RATIONALE

om
Nowadays, electrical energy finds major application in electric traction besides steam and
diesel locomotives. Therefore, a diploma holder is required to have elementary knowledge of
electric drives used in traction, accelerating and breaking arrangements at the control panel.

f.c
LEARNING OUTCOMES

pd
After undergoing the subject, the students will be able to:
ic
• The utilization of electric machines in railway
• Utilize electric circuits in locomotive on rail tract
hn
• Explain arrangement of the power supply system used in electric traction.
ec

DETAILED CONTENTS
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1. Introduction (05 periods)

ol

Electric traction system and its advantages over other systems, types of electric traction
systems. Traction systems for India.
.p
w

2. Electric Traction drives (9

w

periods)
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Suitability of electric traction drives- D.C. series motor, A.C. series motor, 3 phase
induction motor, characteristics of electric traction drives, special design requirements,
methods of starting and speed control, different methods of braking, plugging,
rheostatic, regenerative.

3. Power Supply of Electric Traction (10

periods)

Different systems of power supplies, their chronological evaluation, power supply

arrangement i.e. traction substation major equipment, transformer, circuit breaker,
interuptor, protection system, remote control system.Design consideration.

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 152

4. Mechanics of traction: (10

periods)

System of units, speed time curves, their construction, simplification and interpretation
for main line, suburban routes, tractive effort, specific energy consumption and factors
effecting it. Weight transfer due to torque coefficient of adhesion.
5. Rectification equipment: (7 periods)

Equipments required for rectification, their brief theory and working.

6. Overhead equipment (7 periods)

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Design aspects of overhead equipments catenary and its types, practical aspects of
working, maintenance of overhead equipments, current collection system, their
requirements.

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7. Track Circuits (12 periods)

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D.C. and A.C. track circuits, signals for traffic control.

8. Supervisory Remote Control (12 periods)

ic
System of remote control, its advantages, mimic diagram, remote control system and
hn
network remote control centre (R.C.C.)
ec

9. Rail and Return Path (12 periods)

yt

Earth return protection of underground equipment, Negative booster, voltage

distribution on rails.
ol

RECOMMENDED BOOKS
.p

1. Electric Traction by J. Upadhya;Allied Publisher Limited, New Delhi

2. Modern Electric Traction by H. Pratap; Dhanpat Rai & Sons, New Delhi
w

3. Electric Traction by A.T. Dover; McmillanDhanpat Rai & Sons, New Delhi
w

4. Electric Traction Handbook by R.B. Brooks; Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons Ltd., London.
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS
w

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allocation

(periods) (%)
1. 05 06
2. 09 12
3. 10 12
4. 10 12
5. 07 08
6. 07 08
7. 12 14
8. 12 14
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 153

9. 12 14
Total 84 100

5.5.3 CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES

L T P
6- -

RATIONALE

om
Control systems for electric motors have become very important particularly with reference to
their performance and protection. These control systems may range from starting and stopping

f.c
of electric motors to that of directing the energy flow in a completely automated factory. The
arrangement in general, may involve one or more of such functions as rapid stopping (braking),

pd
reversing, speed changing, travel limits of mechanical equipment, timing of multimotor drives
and the regulation of current torque, speed, acceleration and deceleration. The subject has
become an important part of Electrical Engineering.
ic
hn
LEARNING OUTCOMES

After undergoing the subject, students will be able to:

ec

• Select suitable supporting structure, contactors and relay

yt

• Prepare layout plan for open loop control of AC motor

• Prepare layout plan for closed loop control of AC motor
ol

• Operate and maintain parts of drives

.p

• Assess and compare the result of various timing relays

w
w

DETAILED CONTENTS
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1. Control Components (12 Periods)

1.1. Fuses and combination fuse switch units

1.2 Miniature circuit breaker
1.3 Contactors-Solenoid type, Clapper type
1.4 Over-load relays-Thermal over-load relay, Ratchet type over load relay,
Magnetic over load relay, Dash pot type oil filled relay
1.5 Timing relays
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 154

1.5.1 Thermal time delay relay

1.5.2 Pneumatic time delay relay
1.5.3 Synchronous motor-driven timer
1.5.4 Solid state timer
1.6 Phase failure relay
1.7 Push buttons
1.8 Selector switches- Two position, Three position
1.9 Limit switches- Single side actuation type, Double side actuation type, Rotary
cam type, Heavy duty limit switch
1.10 Proximity switches
1.11 Solenoid valves

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1.12 Master controllers & drum switches
1.13 Pressure switches
1.14 Temperature controller (Thermostat)

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1.15 Float switches
1.16 Mechanical brakes for motors

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1.17 Control transformer
1.18 Rectifiers
ic
1.19 Reactors
1.20 Capacitors
hn
1.21 Symbols for various components
1.22 Control diagram- Two wire control circuit, Three wire control circuit
ec

2. A.C. Control Circuits (12 Periods)

yt

2.1 Forward/reversing of 3 phase motors-With push button inter-locking, with

ol

Auxillary contact inter-locking

.p

2.2 Sequence starting of motors

2.3 Starting multispeed squirrel cage motor
w

2.4 Dynamic braking of squirrel cage induction motor

2.5 Plugging of squirrel cage induction motor
w

2.6 Over-load protection of motors

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2.7 Single phase protection

2.8 Over-temperature protection
2.9 Voltage stabilizer for 3 phase and single phase motors

3. Control of Synchronous Motors (13

Periods)

3.1 Principle of acceleration

3.2 Motor starter with field application by definite time relay
3.3 Motor starter with field control by polarized field frequency control

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 155

3.4 Motor starter with field application by slip frequency relay

3.5 Over-load protection scheme

4. Control of Single Phase Motors (14 Periods)

4.1 Across the line starter

4.2 Reversal of universal motor
4.3 Speed control of universal motor

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4.4 Starter for capacitor type split phase motor
4.5 Dynamic braking

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5. Industrial Control Circuits (14
Periods)

5.1 Heater control

pd
ic
5.2 Compressor motor control
5.3 Skip hoist control
hn
5.4 Walking beam
5.5 Battery operated truck
ec

5.6 Conveyor system control

5.7 Life circuit
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6. Trouble Shooting in Control Circuits (12

ol

Periods)
.p

6.1 Analysing the problems

w

6.2 Major trouble spots- Fuse base, Loose connections, Faulty contacts, Incorrect
wire markers, Combination problems, Low-voltage, Grounds
w

6.3 Procedure used in trouble-shooting

w

7. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) (7

Periods)

Introduction, Principle of operation, Architecture of programmable, controller,

Programming the programmable controller, Application of programmable controller.

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

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 156

Control of electrical machines being a industrial requirement,a student will deal with various
control methods, parts of control strategy and fundamental equipmentsof control methods.
After studying this subject, an electrical diploma holder must be competent to repair and
maintain the control panel. For above purpose exposure to industry, work place and utilization
of various aspect of control may be emphasized.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Electric Contacts- Theory and Application by Ragnar Halm; Springer Publication

om
2. Industrial control Electronics by John Webb, Kevin Greshock; Maxwell; Macmillan
International editions
3. Industrial Electronics & Control by S.K. Bhattacharya & S. Chatterji; New Age

f.c
International Publications(P) Ltd., New Delhi
Websites for Reference

http://www.schneider_electric.us
pd
ic
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS
hn
Topic No Time Allotted Marks
(Periods) Allocation (%)
ec

1 12 16
yt

2 12 15
ol

3 13 15
.p

4 14 16
w

5 14 15
w

6 12 15
w

7 7 8

Total 84 100

CORRECTED AND APPROVED BY BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,U.P,LUCKNOW IN

MEETING HELD ON 10.07.2019 @RASHMI SONKAR
 157

5.5.4 ENERGY MANAGEMENT

L T P
6 - -
RATIONALE

The requirement of energy has increased manifolds in last two decades due to rapid
urbanization and growth in industrial/service sector. It has become challenging task to meet
ever increasing energy demands with limited conventional fuels and natural resources. Due to
fast depletion of fossil fuels and a tremendous gap between supply and demand of energy, it is
essential to adopt energy conservation techniques in almost every field like industries,
commercial and residential sectors etc. Energy conservation has attained priority as it is

om
regarded as additional energy resource. Energy saved is energy produced. This course covers
the concepts of energy management and its conservation. It gives the insight to energy
conservation opportunities in general industry and details out energy audit methodology and

f.c
energy audit instruments.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

After undergoing this course, the students will be able to:

pd
ic
• Define principles and objectives of energy management and energy audit.
hn
• Understand various forms & elements of energy.
• Identify electrical and thermal utilities. Understand their basic principle of operation
ec

and assess performance of various equipment.

• Identify areas of energy conservation and adopt conservation methods in various
yt

systems.
• Evaluate the techno economic feasibility of the energy conservation technique adopted.
ol
.p

DETAILED CONTENTS
w

4. Introduction (15 periods)

w

1.1 Energy management

w

1.2 Environmental aspects, need for energy conservation with brief description of
oil & coal crisis.
1.3 Energy efficiency & its significance
1.4 Energy efficient practices in lighting
1.5 Tips for energy saving in building - New Building, Existing Building
1.6 Energy conservation opportunity & measures
1.7 Macro level approach at design stage

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 158

5. Energy Conservation in Various Sectors (14 periods)

5.1 Energy conversation in domestic sector-lighting, home applications

5.2 Energy conservation in industrial sector-industrial lighting, distribution system,
motors, pumps blowers etc.
5.3 Energy conservation in agricultural sector-Tube well pump, D.G. sets, standby energy source

6. Energy Audit (08 periods)

6.1 Types and methodology

6.2 Energy auditing reporting format

om
6.3 Energy audit instruments
6.4 Specific energy consumption-three pronged approach, fine tuning, technical
upgradation; avoidable losses

f.c
7. Electrical Supply System and Motors (20 periods)

7.1 Transformer loading

pd
7.2 Tips for energy savings in transformers
ic
7.3 Motor Loading
hn
7.4 Variation in efficiency and power factor with loading
7.5 Tips for energy savings in motors
ec

7.6 BIS standard for energy efficient motors, design features

7.7 Need for energy efficient motors
yt

7.8 Various constructional features of EEMs

7.9 EEM as compared to standard motors
ol

7.10 Distribution system- optimum cable size, amorphous core transformers, location
of capacitors
.p
w

8. Efficient devices (17 periods)

w

8.1 Energy efficient technology- An overview

8.2 Need for energy efficient devices
w

8.3 Initial cost vs. life cycle, cost analysis on life cycle basis
8.4 Energy efficient motor as compared to standard motors
8.5 Energy efficient lighting system, different sources-lumens/watt, LED, Role of voltage and
efficiency.

9. Environmental Impact assessment (10 periods)

9.1 Need for environmental impact assessment

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 159

9.2 Standard format for assessment & its completion

9.3 Evaluation of assessment

10. Energy Conservation Building Code (10 periods)

10.1 ECBC and its salient features including thermal behavior of buildings
10.2 ECBC Guidelines on Building Envelope
10.3 ECBC Prescriptive Requirements for Building Envelope
10.4 ECBC Guidelines on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
10.5 ECBC Guidelines on Service Hot Water and Pumping
10.6 ECBC Guidelines on Lighting

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10.7 ECBC Guidelines on Electrical Power
10.8 ECBC Guidelines on Star Labelling and Minimum Star rating

f.c
STUDENT ACTIVITIES ON ENERGY CONSERVATION/ENERGY EFFICIENCY

pd
1. Presentations of Case Studies
2. Debate competitions
3. Poster competitions
ic
4. Industrial visits
hn
5. Visual Aids
ec

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

Teachers are expected to lay considerable stress on understanding the basic concepts in energy
yt

conservation, principles and their applications. For this purpose, teachers are expected to give
ol

simple problems in the class room so as to develop necessary knowledge for comprehending
the basic concepts and principles. As far as possible, the teaching of the subject must be
.p

supplemented by demonstrations and practical work in the laboratory. Visits to industries must
be carried out.
w

MEANS OF ASSESSMENT
w

− Assignments and quiz/class tests, mid-term and end-term written tests, model/prototype making
w

− Actual laboratory and practical work, model/prototype making, assembly and disassembly
exercises and viva-voce

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Electric Energy Generation, Utilisation and Conservation by Sivaganaraju, S; Pearson,

New Delhi
2. Electrical Power by V.K. Mehta; Khanna and Khanna Publishers, New Delhi

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 160

3. Handbook on Energy Audit & Environmental Management by Y P Abbi & Shashank

Jain published by TERI. Latest Edition
4. Guide book on General Aspects of Energy Management and Energy Audit by Bureau
of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. Edition 2015
5. Guide book on Energy Efficiency in Electrical Utilities, by Bureau of Energy
Efficiency, Government of India.
6. e-books/e-tools/relevant software to be used as recommended by
AICTE/UBTE/NITTTR.

Websites for Reference:

om
http://swayam.gov.in

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

f.c
Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allotted (%)

pd
(Periods)

9. 12 15
ic
10. 12 15
hn

11. 08 10
ec

12. 16 18
yt

13. 16 18
ol

14. 10 12
.p

15. 10 12
w

Total 84 100
w
w

CORRECTED AND APPROVED BY BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,U.P,LUCKNOW IN

MEETING HELD ON 10.07.2019 @RASHMI SONKAR