Task 1

Read the text below. Match choices (A - H) to (1-5). There are three choices you do not need
to use.
The Most Endangered Wolf in the World
1. H The current population of the red wolf
From 2002 to 2014, the wild red wolf population consistently numbered over 100 animals. But
starting in 2012, the population began to decline due to actions taken by the North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC). By 2015, the population had declined to between 50
and 75 animals, and by 2016 it had dropped to between 25 and 48 animals. It is widely believed
that there are now fewer than 30 red wolves living in the wild. Scientists have warned that if
current management practices continue, red wolves could once again be extinct in the wild by
2024.
2. В The legislative battle for the red wolf recovery
Throughout most of the recovery program’s history, shooting by hunters was the leading cause of
red wolf deaths, a fact attributed to the similarity in appearance between coyotes and red wolves.
Despite this, in 2012 the NCWRC approved a temporary rule allowing the hunting of coyotes at
night using artificial lights on public and private lands throughout North Carolina, including in
the recovery area. In 2013, the NCWRC adopted a permanent rule that allowed coyote hunting
without a permit during the daytime and with a permit at nighttime in the recovery area. In
response, in 2012 and 2013, AWI and others filed two lawsuits that successfully cancelled both
these rules.
3. E The causes of the red wolf species becoming endangered
The threat connected with gunshot mortality (deaths) soon became less important than the
numerous threats related to the US Fish and Wildlife Service’s (USFWS’s) own shifting red wolf
management practices. In 2013, the recovery program was transferred from the jurisdiction of
the National Wildlife Refuge System (NWRS) to the Ecological Services Program, 600 miles
away from the recovery area.
4. A The malpractice of the environmental agency
As a result, starting in 2014, the USFWS not only began to neglect its red wolf recovery and
management duties, but also started issuing permits allowing landowners to kill red wolves on
private land. In 2015, one of the animals killed was a female red wolf, known to be exhibiting
denning behaviour, who had previously mothered a total of 16 pups through four separate litters.
5. F Significance of female species for the whole population of the red wolf
Given the small and declining number of red wolves, losing even one wolf has a huge influence
on the species. The impacts are particularly dire when a mother wolf is lost, because it not only
orphans her pups and likely leads to their deaths, but also eliminates the possibility for that
particular wolf to contribute more litters to the population. Although red wolves tend to form
pair-bonds for life, red wolves may interbreed or hybridize with coyotes, particularly when an
adult is lost from a breeding pair close to the mating season.
A The malpractice of the environmental agency
В The legislative battle for the red wolf recovery
C The way endangered species affect humans
D Maintaining biodiversity in today’s world
E The causes of the red wolf species becoming endangered
F Significance of female species for the whole population of the red wolf
G Habitat loss of the red wolf in North Carolina
H The current population of the red wolf

Task 2
Read the text below. For questions (6-10) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D).
Wordsworth’s Lake District
Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote a poem that
expresses a basic spirit of early English Romanticism. It was Thursday, 15 April 1802. William
and Dorothy Wordsworth, the poet’s devoted, journal-writing sister, were walking home to Dove
Cottage in the Lake District. The wind was fierce, but the Wordsworth siblings were used to
striding long distances in foul weather. They were in the woods close to the water side when they
first clapped eyes on a field of daffodils ‘fluttering and dancing in the breeze’.
What makes this poem an example of Romantic thinking? It isn’t just that Wordsworth
chooses to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human
emotions. For him, nature is not merely a neutral mixture of scenery, colours, plants, rocks, soil,
water and air. It is a living force that feels joy and sadness, shares human pain and even tries to
educate us human beings by showing us the beauty of life.
Wordsworth’s home. Dove Cottage, is now one of the most popular destinations in the
Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden which William planted with wild flowers and
which survived in his backyard even after they disappeared from the area. ‘He always said that if
he hadn’t been a poet, he would have been a terrific landscape gardener,’ says Allan King of the
Wordsworth Trust, the organisation that looks after the cottage and gardens.
The Lake District in the north-west of England becomes particularly crowded during the
summer months with tourists and ramblers eager to enjoy the region’s majestic valleys, hills and
sparkling lakes. Wordsworth himself was far from keen on tourists, which was quite apparent. He
wanted outsiders to admire the local sights he enjoyed so much, but was afraid the district might
be ‘damaged’ by too many visitors. He opposed the coming of the trains, and campaigned in the
1840s against a plan to link the towns in the area - Kendal, Windermere and Keswick - by rail.
The place near Ullswater, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost
end of the lake. The lake is wide and calm at this turning point. There’s a bay where the trees
have had their soil eroded by lake water so that their roots are shockingly exposed. You walk
along from tree to tree, hardly daring to breathe, because you are walking in the footprints of
William and Dorothy from two centuries ago. The first clumps of daffodils appear, but they
aren’t tall yellow trumpets proudly swaying in the breeze. They’re tiny wild daffodils, most of
them still green and unopened, in clumps of six or seven. They are grouped around individual
trees rather than collecting together.
6. According to the article, Wordsworth’s poem
A started the Romantic movement
В was based on actual experience
C was written while he was visiting his sister
D was written after he had been lonely
7. What was the poet’s attitude to nature?
A He believed nature had a character of its own
В He felt nature was human
C He thought nature could talk to people
D He believed that we could influence nature
8. According to the text Dove Cottage
A has gardens designed by a landscape gardener
В has a wide range of flowers in its garden
C receives a lot of visitors
D has a very large garden
9. What does ‘which’ in paragraph 4 refer to?
A the number of tourists who come to the Lake District
В Wordsworth’s desire for outsiders to admire the local sights
C the fact that Wordsworth was keen on tourists from far away
D Wordsworth’s dislike of tourists
10. In what way is the scene different from what Wordsworth described?
A All the daffodils are green and small
В There are no daffodils by the lake
C The daffodils are fewer and smaller
D There are no daffodils around trees
 Task 3
Read the texts below. Match choices (A - H) to (11-16). There are two choices you do
not need to use.
Environmental Awareness Day
В raised money to help an organisation
11. Plumpton High School. This school decided to arrange a variety of activities, some
aimed at achieving a better understanding of environmental problems, and others designed to be
of practical help. For instance, the school magazine brought out a special edition on the subject,
full of articles and stories where pupils expressed their feelings about the threats facing our
environment. The school also held a sponsored walk and handed over nearly £1000 to the World
Wide Fund for Nature.
C carried out a project about endangered animals and plants
12. Cresswell College. The staff and students at Cresswell College held a meeting and
discussed a number of suggestions. The most popular suggestion turned out to be the most
practical one; it was decided that the local environment should be brightened up. Teams were
sent out to plant flowers and young trees on areas of land in the neighbourhood. Senior students
monitored the progress of species threatened with extinction and prepared a report on their
findings. It was hoped that this would help publicise the problem.
H is following changes in general weather conditions
13. Grayner Institute. This school had already been involved in some projects connected
with the environment, though naturally efforts were increased for Environmental Awareness Day.
For the last two years the school had been studying the effects of variations in climatic patterns
around the world and how these can affect wildlife. A leading expert on wild birds was invited to
come and give a talk about the dangers faced by these creatures. He explained the importance of
the food chain and asked people to support local wildlife reserves.
D provided online information about the environment
14. Halliwell Academy. The pupils at this inner-city secondary school felt that the best
way to mark Environmental Awareness Day would be to help people in the area understand how
important the environment 24 is to them. One suggestion that was greeted with enthusiasm was
to measure the levels of noise in Stanley Road, a busy local shopping street. The information was
then placed on a website that the school had started. In order to give them a chance to see for
themselves the problems facing some local species, the school took pupils to the coastal marshes
of Easton. Many pupils reported afterwards that they had never realised how terrible the effects
of pollution could be on coastal wildlife.
E became better known after Environmental Awareness Day
15. Albion High School. In an attempt to find out for themselves how serious
environmental threats really are, the pupils decided to study the problem of pollution by making
a survey, run by the science department, into air pollution in the local shopping centre. Pupils
also prepared a campaign to ban cars from the city centre and reduce traffic congestion. They
gained a lot of publicity for the school by cycling through the city and handing out brochures
about the benefits of cycling and walking.
 G arranged a talk on pollution and local architecture
16. Doncaster College. A film about magnificent marine mammals, whales, which was
shown to the whole school as part of Environmental Awareness Day, was received with great
enthusiasm by pupils. Meredith Summers was invited to talk about how pollution can destroy
buildings in the region. Following that, pupils decided to launch a campaign for the restoration of
the medieval square in the city centre and asked local authorities to support them financially.
Which school____________ ?
A banned cars in the city centre and reduced traffic congestion
C carried out a project about endangered animals and plants
D provided online information about the environment
E became better known after Environmental Awareness Day
F spent a huge sum on the World Wide Fund for Nature
G arranged a talk on pollution and local architecture
H is following changes in general weather conditions
(Adapted from: Osbourn Ch. Exam Essentials Practice Tests.
Cambridge English: First (FCE), 2015)

Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A - H) the one which best fits each space (17-22).
There
are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
With summer being the busiest season for most U. S. national parks, the potential for run-
ins with wildlife increases - and so do (17) D visits to the emergency room. Though most
people imagine bears or bison are the animals (18) В to watch out for, even small mammals can
pose a risk.
“At the Grand Canyon, the number one reason people end up at the clinic is from squirrel
bites,” says Kathy Kupper, a spokesperson for the U. S. National Park Service.
It’s illegal to approach, harass, or feed any type of wildlife in national parks, adds
Kupper. “No matter the size, no matter how harmless or safe they appear.”
Between 2008 and 2015 in the United States, 1,160 people died in animal encounters,
mostly (19) G due to domestic animals such as dogs , followed by venomous species such as
hornets, bees, and snakes.
Though such incidents are rare, they can be made even rarer (20) A by following a few
basic guidelines . The first and perhaps most important is (21)_ F to give wildlife a lot of
room .
 “If your actions cause a reaction from the animal, then you’re too close,” says Kupper.
“And (22) H if you can take a settle with wildlife, then you’re definitely too close.” Why people
risk their lives for the ultimate animal selfie.

A by following a few basic guidelines