Signals and Systems Objective Question Bank

1) _________ is defined as any physical quantity that varies with time, space or any other
independent variable

a. Signal b. system c. signals & system d. none of the above

Answer: (a)

2) Which mathematical notation specifies the condition of periodicity for a continuous

time signal?
a. x(t) = x(t +T0)
b. x(n) = x(n+ N)
c. x(t) = e-αt
d. None of the above
Answer: (a) x (t) = x (t +T0)

3) A discrete signal is said to be even or symmetric if x (-n) is equal to

a. X (n) b. 0 c. –x (n) d. –x (-n)

Answer: (a)

4) A signal is a power signal when the signal has

a. Infinite average power b. finite average power

c. Zero average power d. none of the above

Answer: (b)

5) The function which relates output of a system to the input (signal) of a system is

a. Periodic function b Non-periodic function

c. Transfer function d. none of the above

Answer: (c)

6) A system is said to be stable if the bounded input to the system produces

a. Bounded output b unbounded output

c. Inbound output d. outbound output

Answer: (a)

7) A system is said to be casual if the output of the system depends on the

a. Past & Present Inputs b Present Input

 c. Future Input d. Past & Future Inputs

Answer: (b)

8) Frequency and Time period are ______

a. Proportional to each other b. Inverse of each other

c. Same d. None of the above

Answer: (b)

9) The equation y(t) = a x(t)+b comes under which system

a. Linear for any value of b b. Linear if b > 0

c. Linear if b < 0 d. Non-linear

Answer: (d)

10) Which of the following is the one of the property of unit impulse δ(t) is

a. δ(at) = a δ(t) b. δ(at) = δ(t) c. δ(at) = 1/a δ(t) d. δ(at) = [δ(t)]a

Answer: (c)

11) The Parseval’s theorem states that the energy in the time-domain representation of a signal is
equal to the energy in the frequency domain representation normalized by

a. 2π b. π c. π/2 d. π/4

Answer: (a)

12) Which property of delta function indicates the equality between the area under the
product of function with shifted impulse and the value of function located at unit
impulse instant?
a. Replication
b. Sampling
c. Scaling
d. Product
Answer: (b) Sampling

13) Which among the below specified conditions/cases of discrete time in terms of real
constant ‘a’, represents the double-sided decaying exponential signal?
a. a > 1
b. 0 < a < 1
c. a < -1
d. -1 < a < 0
Answer: (d) -1 < a < 0

14) Damped sinusoids are _____

a. sinusoid signals multiplied by growing exponentials
b. sinusoid signals divided by growing exponentials
c. sinusoid signals multiplied by decaying exponentials
d. sinusoid signals divided by decaying exponentials
Answer: (c) sinusoid signals multiplied by decaying exponentials

15) An amplitude of sinc function that passes through zero at multiple values of an
independent variable ‘x’ ______
a. Decreases with an increase in the magnitude of an independent variable (x)
b. Increases with an increase in the magnitude of an independent variable (x)
c. Always remains constant irrespective of variation in magnitude of ‘x’
d. Cannot be defined
Answer: (a) Decreases with an increase in the magnitude of an independent variable (x)

16) A system is said to be shift invariant only if______

a. a shift in the input signal also results in the corresponding shift in the output
b. a shift in the input signal does not exhibit the corresponding shift in the output
c. a shifting level does not vary in an input as well as output
d. a shifting at input does not affect the output
Answer: (a) a shift in the input signal also results in the corresponding shift in the
output

17) Which condition determines the causality of the LTI system in terms of its impulse
response?
a. Only if the value of an impulse response is zero for all negative values of time
b. Only if the value of an impulse response is unity for all negative values of time
c. Only if the value of an impulse response is infinity for all negative values of time
d. Only if the value of an impulse response is negative for all negative values of time
Answer: (a) only if the value of an impulse response is zero for all negative values of
time

18) Under which conditions does an initially relaxed system become unstable?
a. only if bounded input generates unbounded output
b. only if bounded input generates bounded output
c. only if unbounded input generates unbounded output
d. only if unbounded input generates bounded output
Answer: (a) only if bounded input generates unbounded output

19) Which among the following are the stable discrete time systems?
1. y(n) = x(4n)
2. y(n) = x(-n)
3. y(n) = ax(n) + 8
4. y(n) = cos x(n)

a. 1 & 3
b. 2 & 4
c. 1, 3 & 4
d. 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 & 4

20) An equalizer used to compensate the distortion in the communication system by

faithful recovery of an original signal is nothing but an illustration of _________
a. Static system
b. Dynamic system
c. Invertible system
d. None of the above
Answer: (c) Invertible system

21) Which block of the discrete time systems requires memory in order to store the
previous input?
a. Adder
b. Signal Multiplier
c. Unit Delay
d. Unit Advance
Answer: (c) Unit Delay

22) Which type/s of discrete-time system do/does not exhibit the necessity of any
feedback?
a. Recursive Systems
b. Non-recursive Systems
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
Answer: (b) Non-recursive Systems

23) The Inverse Fourier Transform of u(ω) is

a (1/2) δ(t) + 1/πt b. ( ½) δ(t)

c. 2 δ(t) + 1/πt d. δ(t) +sgn(t)

Answer: (a)

23) What does the term y (-1) indicate especially in an equation that represents the
behaviour of the causal system?
a. initial condition of the system
b. negative initial condition of the system
c. negative feedback condition of the system
d. response of the system to its initial input
Answer: (a) initial condition of the system

24) Which among the following operations is/are not involved /associated with the
computation process of linear convolution?
a. Folding Operation
b. Shifting Operation
c. Multiplication Operation
d. Integration Operation
Answer: (d) Integration Operation

25) For a band pass signal extends from 1 KHz to 2 KHz. Then the minimum sampling frequency
that needed to retain all information of the sampled signal is
 a. 1 KHz. b. 2 KHz. c. 3 KHz. d. 4 KHz.

Answer: (b)

26) A continuous-time periodic signal x(t), having a period T, is convolved with itself. Then the
resulting signal is

a. Not Periodic b. Periodic having a period 2T

c. Periodic having a period T d. Periodic having a period T/2

Answer: (c)

19) A LTI system is said to be initially relaxed system only if ____

a. Zero input produces zero output
b. Zero input produces non-zero output
c. Zero input produces an output equal to unity
d. None of the above
Answer: (a) Zero input produces zero output

20) What are the number of samples present in an impulse response called as?
a. string
b. array
c. length
d. element
Answer: (c) length

21) Which are the only waves that correspond/ support the measurement of phase
angle in the line spectra?
a. Sine waves
b. Cosine waves
c. Triangular waves
d. Square waves
Answer: (b) Cosine waves

22) Double-sided phase & amplitude spectra _____

a. Possess an odd & even symmetry respectively
b. Possess an even & odd symmetry respectively
c. Both possess an odd symmetry
d. Both possess an even symmetry
Answer: (a) Possess an odd & even symmetry respectively

23) What does the first term ‘a0‘in the below stated expression of a line spectrum
indicate?
x(t) = a0 + a1 cos w0 t + a2 cos2 w0t +……+ b1 sin w0 t + b2 sin w0 t + …..
a. DC component
b. Fundamental component
c. Second harmonic component
d. All of the above
Answer: (a) DC component
24) Which kind of frequency spectrum/spectra is/are obtained from the line spectrum
of a continuous signal on the basis of Polar Fourier Series Method?
a. Continuous in nature
b. Discrete in nature
c. Sampled in nature
d. All of the above
Answer: (b) Discrete in nature

25) Which type/s of Fourier series allow/s to represent the negative frequencies by
plotting the double-sided spectrum for the analysis of periodic signals?
a. Trigonometric Fourier series
b. Polar Fourier series
c. Exponential Fourier series
d. All of the above
Answer: (c) Exponential Fourier series

26) What does the signalling rate in the digital communication system imply?
a. Number of digital pulses transmitted per second
b. Number of digital pulses transmitted per minute
c. Number of digital pulses received per second
d. Number of digital pulses received per minute
Answer: (a) Number of digital pulses transmitted per second

27) As the signalling rate increases, _______

a. Width of each pulse increases
b. Width of each pulse decreases
c. Width of each pulse remains unaffected
d. None of the above
Answer: (b) Width of each pulse decreases

28) Which phenomenon occurs due to an increase in the channel bandwidth during the
transmission of narrow pulses in order to avoid any intervention of signal distortion?
a. Compression in time domain
b. Expansion in time domain
c. Compression in frequency domain
d. Expansion in frequency domain
Answer: (d) Expansion in frequency domain

29) Why are the negative & positive phase shifts introduced for positive & negative
frequencies respectively in amplitude and phase spectra?
a. To change the symmetry of the phase spectrum
b. To maintain the symmetry of the phase spectrum
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
Answer: (b) to maintain the symmetry of the phase spectrum

30) Duality Theorem / Property of Fourier Transform states that _________

a. Shape of signal in time domain & shape of spectrum can be interchangeable
b. Shape of signal in frequency domain & shape of spectrum can be interchangeable
c. Shape of signal in time domain & shape of spectrum can never be interchangeable
d. Shape of signal in time domain & shape of spectrum can never be interchangeable
Answer: (a) Shape of signal in time domain & shape of spectrum can be
interchangeable

31) Which property of Fourier transform gives rise to an additional phase shift of -2π
ftd for the generated time delay in the communication system without affecting an
amplitude spectrum?
a. Time Scaling
b. Linearity
c. Time Shifting
d. Duality
Answer: (c) Time Shifting

32) Which among the below assertions is precise in accordance to the effect of time
scaling?
A: Inverse relationship exists between the time and frequency domain representation of signal
B: A signal must be necessarily limited in time as well as frequency domains

a. A is true & B is false

b. A is false & B is true
c. Both A & B are true
d. Both A & B are false
Answer: (a) A is true & B is false

33) Which is/are the mandatory condition/s to get satisfied by the transfer function for
the purpose of distortion less transmission?
a. Amplitude Response should be constant for all frequencies
b. Phase should be linear with frequency passing through zero
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
Answer: (c) Both a & b

34) What is/are the crucial purposes of using the Fourier Transform while analysing
any elementary signals at different frequencies?
a. Transformation from time domain to frequency domain
b. plotting of amplitude & phase spectrum
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
Answer: (c) Both a & b

35) What is the possible range of frequency spectrum for discrete time Fourier series
(DTFS)?
a. 0 to 2π
b. -π to +π
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
Answer: (c) Both a & b
36) Which among the following assertions represents a necessary condition for the
existence of Fourier Transform of discrete time signal (DTFT)?
a. Discrete Time Signal should be absolutely summable
b. Discrete Time Signal should be absolutely multipliable
c. Discrete Time Signal should be absolutely integrable
d. Discrete Time Signal should be absolutely differentiable
Answer: (a) Discrete Time Signal should be absolutely summable

37) What is the nature of Fourier representation of a discrete & aperiodic signal?
a. Continuous & periodic
b. Discrete & aperiodic
c. Continuous & aperiodic
d. Discrete & periodic
Answer: (a) Continuous & periodic

38) Which property of periodic signal in DTFS gets completely clarified / identified by
the equation x (n – n0)?
a. Conjugation
b. Time Shifting
c. Frequency Shifting
d. Time Reversal
Answer: (b) Time Shifting

39) A Laplace Transform exists when ______

A. The function is piece-wise continuous
B. The function is of exponential order
C. The function is piecewise discrete
D. The function is of differential order

a. A & B
b. C & D
c. A & D
d. B & C
Answer: (a) A & B

40) Where is the ROC defined or specified for the signals containing causal as well as
anti-causal terms?
a. Greater than the largest pole
b. Less than the smallest pole
c. Between two poles
d. Cannot be defined
Answer: (c) Between two poles

41) What should be the value of Laplace transform for the time-domain signal
equation e-at cos ωt.u(t)?
a. 1 / s + a with ROC σ > – a
b. ω / (s + a) 2 + ω2 with ROC σ > – a
c. s + a / (s + a)2 + ω2 with ROC σ > – a
d. A ω / s2 + ω2 with ROC σ > 0
Answer: (c) s + a / (s + a)2 + ω2 with ROC σ > – a
42) According to the time-shifting property of Laplace Transform, shifting the signal
in time domain corresponds to the ______
a. Multiplication by e-st0 in the time domain
b. Multiplication by e-st0 in the frequency domain
c. Multiplication by est0 in the time domain
d. Multiplication by est0 in the frequency domain
Answer: (b) Multiplication by e-st0 in the frequency domain

43) Which result is generated/ obtained by the addition of a step to a ramp function?
a. Step Function shifted by an amount equal to ramp
b. Ramp Function shifted by an amount equal to step
c. Ramp function of zero slope
d. Step function of zero slope
Answer: (b) Ramp Function shifted by an amount equal to step

44) Unilateral Laplace Transform is applicable for the determination of linear

constant coefficient differential equations with ________
a. Zero initial condition
b. Non-zero initial condition
c. Zero final condition
d. Non-zero final condition
Answer: (b) Non-zero initial condition

45) What should be location of poles corresponding to ROC for bilateral Inverse
Laplace Transform especially for determining the nature of time domain signal?
a. On L.H.S of ROC
b. On R.H.S of ROC
c. On both sides of ROC
d. None of the above
Answer: (c) On both sides of ROC

46) Generally, the convolution process associated with the Laplace Transform in time
domain results into________
a. Simple multiplication in complex frequency domain
b. Simple division in complex frequency domain
c. Simple multiplication in complex time domain
d. Simple division in complex time domain
Answer: (a) Simple multiplication in complex frequency domain

48) When is the system said to be causal as well as stable in accordance to pole/zero of
ROC specified by system transfer function?
a. Only if all the poles of system transfer function lie in left-half of S-plane
b. Only if all the poles of system transfer function lie in right-half of S-plane
c. Only if all the poles of system transfer function lie at the centre of S-plane
d. None of the above
Answer: (a) Only if all the poles of system transfer function lie in left-half of S-plane

49) Correlogram is a graph of ______

a. Amplitude of one signal plotted against the amplitude of another signal
b. Frequency of one signal plotted against the frequency of another signal
c. Amplitude of one signal plotted against the frequency of another signal
d. Frequency of one signal plotted against the time period of another signal
Answer: (a) Amplitude of one signal plotted against the amplitude of another signal

50) Which theorem states that the total average power of a periodic signal is equal to
the sum of average powers of the individual Fourier coefficients?
a. Parseval’s Theorem
b. Rayleigh’s Theorem
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
Answer: (a) Parseval’s Theorem

51) According to Rayleigh’s theorem, it becomes possible to determine the energy of a

signal by________
a. Estimating the area under the square root of its amplitude spectrum
b. estimating the area under the square of its amplitude spectrum
c. estimating the area under the one-fourth power of its amplitude spectrum
d. estimating the area exactly half as that of its amplitude spectrum
Answer: (b) Estimating the area under the square of its amplitude spectrum

52) What does the spectral density function of any signal specify?
a. Distribution of energy or power
b. Consumption of energy or power
c. Conservation of energy or power
d. Generation of energy or power
Answer: (a) Distribution of energy or power

53) Which among the below mentioned transform pairs is/are formed between the
auto-correlation function and the energy spectral density, in accordance to the property
of Energy Spectral Density (ESD)?
a. Laplace Transform
b. Z-Transform
c. Fourier Transform
d. All of the above
Answer: (c) Fourier Transform

54) The ESD of a real valued energy signal is always _________

a. An even (symmetric) function of frequency
b. An odd (non-symmetric) function of frequency
c. A function that is odd and half-wave symmetric
d. None of the above
Answer: (a) An even (symmetric) function of frequency

55) Which among the below mentioned assertions is /are correct?

a. Greater the value of correlation function, higher is the similarity level between two signals
b. Greater the value of correlation function, lower is the similarity level between two signals
c. Lesser the value of correlation function, higher is the similarity level between two signals
d. Lesser the value of correlation function, lower is the similarity level between two signals
a. Only C
b. Only B
c. A & D
d. B & C
Answer: (c) A & D

56) Which function has a provision of determining the similarity between the signal
and its delayed version?
a. Auto-correlation Function
b. Cross-correlation Function
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
Answer: (a) Auto-correlation Function

57) Which property is exhibited by the auto-correlation function of a complex valued

signal?
a. Commutative property
b. Distributive property
c. Conjugate property
d. Associative property
Answer: (c) Conjugate property

58) Where does the maximum value of auto-correlation function of a power signal
occur?
a. At origin
b. At extremities
c. At unity
d. At infinity
Answer: (a) At origin

59) A Hilbert transformer is a

a. non-linear system
b. non-causal system
c. time-varying system
d. low-pass system

Answer: (a) non-linear system

60) Find the Nyquist Frequency for the given signal x(t) =3 cos 50πt +10 sin 300πt – cos100πt

a. 50 Hz b. 100 Hz c. 200 Hz d. 300 Hz

Answer: (d)