MCKV Institute of Engineering

Question Bank
Paper Code: PC-EC504
Paper Name: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.

Group-A

Q1. A system which is linear is said to obey the rules of

a) scaling
b) additivity
c) both scaling and additivity
d) homogeneity

Q2. A time invariant system is a system whose output

a) increases with a delay in input
b) decreases with a delay in input
c) remains same with a delay in input
d) vanishes with a delay in input

Q3. All real time systems concerned with the concept of causality are
a) non-causal
b) causal
c) neither causal nor non-causal
d) memory less

Q4. A system is said to be defined as non-causal, when

a) the output at the present depends on the input at an earlier time
b) the output at the present does not depend on the factor of time at all
c) the output at the present depends on the input at the current time
d) the output at the present depends on the input at a time instant in the future

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Q5. When we take up design of systems, ideally how do we define the stability of a
system?
a) A system is stable, if a bounded input gives a bounded output, for some values of the input
b) A system is unstable, if a bounded input gives a bounded output, for all values of the input
c) A system is stable, if a bounded input gives a bounded output, for all values of the input
d) A system is unstable, if a bounded input gives a bounded output, for some values of the
input

Q6. Which among the following systems are described by partial differential functions?
a) Causal Systems and Dynamic systems
b) Distributed parameter systems and linear systems
c) Distributed parameter systems and Dynamic systems
d) Causal systems and linear systems

Q7. Which one of the following systems is causal?

a) y(t)=x(t)+x(t-3)+x(t2)
b) y(n)=x(n+2)
c) y(t)=x(t-1)+x(t-2)
d) y(n)=x(2n2)

Q8. Which one of the following is an example of a bounded signal?

a) et coswt
b) et sinw(-t)
c) e-t coswt
d) et cosw(-t)

Q9. A system produces zero output for one input and same gives the same output for
several other inputs. What is the system called?
a) Non – invertible System
b) Invertible system
c) Non – causal system
d) Causal system

Q10. What is the period of the following signal, x(t) = sin (18*pi*t + 78 deg)?
a) 1⁄9
b) 2⁄9
c) 1⁄3
d) 4⁄9

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Q11. For the signal x(t) = a – b*exp(-ct), what is the steady state value, and the initial
value?
a) c, b
b) c, c-a
c) a, a-b
d) b, a-b

Q12. For a double-sided function, which is odd, what will be the integral of the function
from -infinity to +infinity equal to?
a) Non-zero Finite
b) Zero
c) Infinite
d) none of the mentioned

Q13. Most of the signals found in nature are _________

a) Continuous-time and discrete-time
b) Continuous-time and digital
c) Digital and Analog
d) Analog and Continuous-time

Q14. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a deterministic signal?

a) Exhibits no uncertainty
b) Instantaneous value can be accurately predicted
c) Exhibits uncertainty
d) can be represented by a mathematical equation

Q15. Sum of two periodic signals is a periodic signal when the ratio of their time
periods is ____________
a) A rational number
b) An irrational number
c) A complex number
d) An integer

Q16. What is the even component of a discrete-time signal?

1
a) xe (t) = [x(t) + x(-t)]
2
1
b) xe (n) = [x(n) + x(-n)]
2
1
c) xe (t) = [x(t) – x(-t)]
2
1
d) xe (n) = [x(n) – x(-n)]
2

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Q17. Determine the odd component of the signal: x(t)=cost + Sint
a) Sint
b) 2sint
c) cost
d) 2cost

Q18. For an energy signal __________

a) E=0
b) P= ∞
c) E= ∞
d) P=0

Q19. Is the following signal an energy signal?

x(t) = u(t) – u (t – 1)
a) YES
b) NO

Q20.A signal is anti-causal if ______________

a) x(t) = 0 for t = 0
b) x(t) = 1 for t < 0
c) x(t) = 1 for t > 0
d) x(t) = 0 for t > 0

Q21. Is the signal x(t)= eat u(t) causal?

a) YES
b) NO

Q22. In the following diagram, X [n] and y [n] are related by ______

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a) X [n] = y [n]/3
b) X [n] = 3* y [n]
c) Y [n] = x [n]/3
d) Y [n] = 3*x [n]

Q23. Considering figure below is the following figure true for y [n] = x [2n]?

a) True
b) False

Q24. The given pair x (t) and y (t) is _______

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a) Y (t) = d/dt (x (t))
b) Y (t) = ∫x (t)dt
c) Y (t) = x (t) -1
d) Y (t) = x (t) /2

Q25. The given pair x (t) and y (t) is related by _______

a) Y (t) = d/dt (x (t))

b) Y (t) = x (t) + 1
c) Y (t) = ∫x (t) dt
d) Not related

Q26. In the equation x (t) = beat if a < 0, then it is called ______

a) Growing exponential
b) Decaying exponential
c) Complex exponential
d) Both Growing and Decaying exponential

Q27. X [n] = 2 cos (2n) is periodic or not?

a) Periodic with period 2n
b) Periodic with period 2π
c) Periodic with period 2
d) Non-periodic

Q28. Check whether x [n] = 7 sin (6πn) is periodic and if it is period calculate its
fundamental period?
a) Periodic with fundamental period 6π

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b) Periodic with fundamental period 3
c) Periodic with fundamental period 1
d) Non-periodic

Q29. Find the smallest angular frequency for which the discrete time signal with
fundamental period N=8 would be periodic?
a) π⁄4
b) π⁄2
c) 3π⁄4
d) π⁄16

Q30. Exponentially damped sinusoidal signal is ______

a) Periodic
b) Non-periodic
c) Insufficient information
d) May be periodic

Q31. Mathematical representation of given rectangular pulse is ______

a) X (t) = {2A, t/2 < 0 < -t/2

b) X (t) = {2A, -t/2 < 0 < t/2
c) X (t) = {2A, 0 <= |t| <= t/2
{0, |t| > t/2
d) X (t) = {2A, 0 <|t| < t/2
{0, |t| > t/2

Q32. If x [n] is describe as superposition of two step functions.

a) X [n] = u [n] – u [n-4].

b) X [n] = u [n] + u [n-4].

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c) X [n] = u [n-5] – u [n].
d) X [n] = u [n-5] + u [n].

Q33. The step function u (t) is integral of _______ with respect to time t.
a) Ramp function
b) Impulse function
c) Sinusoidal function
d) Exponential function

Q34. Unit impulse ∂(t) is _____ of time t.

a) Odd function
b) Even function
c) Neither even nor odd function
d) Odd function of even amplitude

Q35. ∂(at) = 1⁄a ∂(t), this property of unit impulse is called ______
a) Time shifting property
b) Time scaling property
c) Amplitude scaling property
d) Time reversal property

Q36. y(t) = sin[x(t-1)] : Comment on its memory aspects.

a) Having memory Explanation: The output at any time t = A, requires
b) needn’t have memory knowing the input at an earlier time, t = A – 1, hence
c) Memory less system making the system require memory aspects.
d) Time invariant system

Q37. Construct the inverse system of y(t) = 2x(t)

a) y(t) = 0.5x(t)
b) y(t) = 2x(t)
c) y(2t) = x(t)
d) y(t) = x(2t)

Q38. y(t) = x(t-2) + x(2-t). Comment on its causality:

a) Causal Explanation: For a time, instant existing between 0 and 1, it
b) Time variant would depend on the input at a time in the future as well,
c) Non-causal hence being non-causal.
d) All of the mentioned

Q39. Comment on the linearity of y[n] = n*x[n].

a) Linear
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b) only additive
c) Not scalable
d) Non-linear

Q40. Which of the following systems is linear?

a) y(t) = sin(x(t))
b) y(t) = log(x(t))
c) y(t) = cos(x(t))
d) y(t) = dx(t)/dt

Q41. Which of the following systems is stable?

a) y(t) = log(x(t)) Explanation: Stability implies that a bounded input should
b) y(t) = exp(x(t)) give a bounded output. In a, b, d there are regions of x, for
which y reaches infinity/negative infinity. Thus, the sin
c) y(t) = sin(x(t))
function always stays between -1 and 1, and is hence stable.
d) y(t) = tx(t) + 1

Q42. Which of the following systems is time invariant?

a) y(t) = x(2t) + x(-t) Explanation: In each of a, b and c there is a negative sign of t

b) y(t) = x(t) + x(1-t) involved, which means a backward shift of t-0 in time, would
c) y(t) = -x(t) + x(1-t) mean a forward shift in each of them. However, only in d, the
d) y(t) = x(t) + x(t-1) backward shift will remain as backward, and undiminished.

Q43. Which of the following systems is memory less?

a) y(t) = x(2t) + x(t) Explanation: A system possessing no memory has

b) y(t) = x(t) + 2x(t) its output depending upon the input at the same
c) y(t) = -x(t) + x(1-t) time instant, which is prevalent only in option b.
d) y(t) = x(t) + 2x(t+2)

Q44. For what value of k, will the following system be time invariant?
y(t) = x(t) + x(kt) – x(2t) + x(t-1)

Explanation: A system possessing no memory has

a) 1 its output depending upon the input at the same
b) 2 time instant, which is prevalent only in option b.

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c) 3
d) 2.5

Q45. State whether the following system is periodic or not. y(t) = log(sin(x(t)).

a) Yes Explanation: Sin x is a periodic function, but log

b) No x is not a periodic function. Thus, y is log t,
where t= sin x, thus y is not periodic.

Q46. Which one of the following is an example of a system with memory?

a) Identity System Explanation: An identity system gives the output same as
b) Resistor input hence it totally depends on the present state of the
input. Therefore, it is memory less. Similarly, a resistor and
c) y(n)=x(n)-2x(n)
the expression in option (c) are memory less systems as they
d) Accumulator depend upon the present state of the input. An accumulator
sums up the values of all past and present states of input.
Therefore, it is a system with memory.
Q47. In a continuous-time physical system, memory is directly associated with
_____________
Explanation: Memory is directly associated with
a) Storage registers storage of energy such as electric charge in the
b) Time capacitor or kinetic energy in an automobile. Storage
c) Storage of energy registers are for discrete time systems such as
d) Number of components in the system microprocessor etc. Time and number of components
of a system have got nothing to do with memory.
Q48. Determine the nature of the system: y(n)=x(-n).
a) Causal
b) Non-causal
c) Causal for all positive values of n
d) Non-causal for negative values of n

Q49. Determine the nature of the given system: y(t)=x(sint)

a) Causal, Non-linear
b) Causal, Linear
c) Non-Causal, Non-linear
d) Non-causal, Linear

Q50. Which among the following is an invertible system?

a) y[n] = 0 Explanation: A system is said to be invertible if it’s input can be found
b) y[n] = 2x[n] out from its output. It is non-invertible if it gives same outputs for many
inputs.Option a produces 0 output for any input → Non-invertible
c) y(t) = x2(t)
Option b produces different outputs for different inputs and also it’s
d) y(t) = dx(t)/dt inverse system is (1/2)y[n] → InvertibleOption c, we get same output
for both positive and negative values → Non-invertibleOption d,Page
we get
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0 for all constant input values → Non-invertible.
Q51. The process of conversion of continuous time signal into discrete time signal is
known as,
a) Aliasing
b) Sampling
c) Convolution
d) None of the above

Q52. If Fs is sampling frequency then the highest analog frequency that can be uniquely
represented in its sampled version of discrete time signal is,
Fs
a)
2
Fs
b)
4
c)2Fs
1
d)
Fs

Q53. Which of the following signal is the example for deterministic signal?
a) Step
b) Ramp
c) Exponential
d) all of the above

Q54. The zero-input response (or) natural response is mainly due to,
a) Initial stored energy in the system
b) Initial conditions in the system
c) Specific input signal
d) Both a and b

Q55. The system y(n) = sin[x(n)] is,

a) Stable
b) BIBO stable
c) Unstable
d) None of the above

Q56. Sectioned convolution is performed if one of the sequences is very much larger
than the other in order to overcome,
a) long delay in getting output

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 b) Larger memory space requirement
c) both a and b
d) None of the above

Q57. For a system, y(n) = n.x(n), the inverse system will be,
a) y (1n)
1
b) y(n)
n
c) n. y(n)
d) (n-1) y(n)

Q58. The evaluation of correlation involves,

a) shifting, rotating and summation
b) Shifting, multiplication and summation
c) change of index, folding and summation
d) Change of index, folding, shifting & multiplication

Q59. The circular correlation of N-point sequences is evaluated in the range,

a) – -N < m < N
b) – N < m < 0
c) 0 < m < N
d) 0 < m < N-1

Q60. The sampling frequency of the following analog signal, x(t) = 4 sin150πt + 2
cos50πt should be,
a) Greater than 75 Hz
b) Greater than 150 Hz
c) Less than 150 Hz
d) Greater than 50 Hz

Q61. The ROC of the sequence x(n) = u(-n) is,

a) |z| > 1
b) |z| < 1
c) No ROC
d) -1 < |z| <1

Q62. ROC of x(n) contains,

a) poles
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b) Zeros
c) no poles
d) No zeros

Q63. The ROC of the signal x(n) = an for -5 < n < 5 is,
a) Entire z-plane
b) Entire z-plane except z = 0 and z = ∞
c) Entire z-plane except z = 0
d) Entire z-plane except z =∞

Q64. The Z-transform is a,

a) finite series
b) Infinite power series
c) Geometric series
d) Both a and c

Q65. For a stable LTI discrete time system poles should lie_________ and unit circle should
be____________.
a) Outside unit circle, included in ROC
b) Inside unit circle, outside of ROC
c) inside unit circle, included in ROC
d) Outside unit circle, outside of ROC

Q66. If X(z) has a single pole on the unit circle, on negative real axis then, x(n) is,
a) Signed constant sequence
b) Signed decaying sequence
c) signed growing sequence
d) Constant sequence

Q67. If all the poles of the system function H(z) have magnitude smaller than 1, then the
system will be,
a) stable
b) Unstable
c) BIBO stable
d) a and c

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Q68. In TMS320C5x processors, the size of page address and page offset address are
respectively,
a) 6-bit, 10-bit
b) 7-bit, 9-bit
c) 8-bit, 8-bit
d) 9-bit, 7-bit

Q69. If a signal is folded about the origin in time then its,

a) magnitude spectrum undergoes change in sign
b) Phase spectrum undergoes change in sign
c) magnitude remains unchanged
d) Both c and b

Q70. The second order LTI discrete time system behaves as,
a) low pass filter
b) High pass filter
c) Resonant filter
d) All pass filter

Q71. If A and B are integer sampling rate conversion factor for decimation and
interpolation respectively, then sampling rate conversion factor for conversion by
rational factor is,
a) A/B
b) B/A
c) A2/B
d) A/B2

Q72. When is a system said to be BIBO stable?

a) When the boundary conditions of the system are stable
b) When there is stability in the overall system
c) Every Bounded input result in a bounded output
d) When the input and output conditions are stable

Q73. If x(n) and y(n) are input and output of a decimator with sampling rate conversion
factor A, then,
a) y(n) = x(n-A)
b) y(n) = x(n/A)
c) y(n) = x(n+A)
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d) y(n) = x(An)

Q74. In Butterworth and Chebyshev transfer function, when N is even, the nature of
poles are,
a) Complex and exist as conjugate pair
b) Complex but not conjugate pairs
c) One pole is complex and other poles are real
d) One pole is real and other poles are complex

Q75. A system is said to be shift invariant only if______

a) A shift in the input signal also results in the corresponding shift in the output
b) A shift in the input signal does not exhibit the corresponding shift in the output
c) A shifting level does not vary in an input as well as output
d) A shifting at input does not affect the output

Q76. Which condition determines the causality of the LTI system in terms of its impulse
response?
a) Only if the value of an impulse response is zero for all negative values of time
b) Only if the value of an impulse response is unity for all negative values of time
c) Only if the value of an impulse response is infinity for all negative values of time
d) Only if the value of an impulse response is negative for all negative values of time

Q77. Under which conditions does an initially relaxed system become unstable?
a) Only if bounded input generates unbounded output
b) only if bounded input generates bounded output
c) Only if unbounded input generates unbounded output
d) only if unbounded input generates bounded output

Q78. The relation between analog and digital frequency is nonlinear in case of
a) Impulse invariant transformation.
b) Bilinear transformation.
c) Frequency sampling.
d) All the above.

Q79. Which result is generated/ obtained by the addition of a step to a ramp function?
a) Step Function shifted by an amount equal to ramp
b) Ramp Function shifted by an amount equal to step
c) Ramp function of zero slope
d) Step function of zero slope

Q80. The poles of Butterworth transfer function lie,

a) Symmetrically on a circle in s-plane
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b) Symmetrically on an ellipse in s-plane
c) Anti-symmetrically on a circle in s-plane
d) Anti-symmetrically on an ellipse in s-plane

Q81. An impulse response of the system at initially rest condition is basically a

response to its input & hence also regarded as,
a) Black's function
b) Red's function
c) Green's function
d) None of the above

Q82. The symmetric impulse response having even number of samples cannot be used
to design,
a) Low pass filter.
b) Band stop filter.
c) High pass filter.
d) Band pass filter.

Q83. What does each outcome in the sample space regarded as?
a) Sample point
b) Element
c) Both a & b
d) none of the above

Q84. Which type/s of discrete-time system do/does not exhibit the necessity of any
feedback?
a) Recursive Systems
b) Non-recursive Systems
c) Both a & b
d) None of the above

Q85. Which type of system response to its input represents the zero value of its initial
condition?
a) Zero state response
b) Zero input response
c) Total response
d) Natural response

Q86. Which is/are the essential condition/s to get satisfied for a recursive system to be
linear?
a) Zero state response should be linear
b) Principle of Superposition should be applicable to zero input response

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c) Total Response of the system should be addition of zero state & zero input responses
d) All of the above

Q87. Which among the following operations is/are not involved /associated with the
computation process of linear convolution?
a) Folding Operation
b) Shifting Operation
c) Multiplication Operation
d) Integration Operation

Q88. An LTI system is said to be initially relaxed system only if ____

a) zero input produces zero output
b) zero input produces non-zero output
c) zero input produces an output equal to unity
d) none of the above

Q89. In FIR filters the Gibbs oscillations are due to

a) non-linear magnitude characteristics.
b) non-linear phase characteristics.
c) Sharp transition from pass-band to stop-band.
d) Gradual transition from pass-band to stop-band.

Q90. In which window, the width of main-lobe can be adjusted by varying length N of
the window?
a) Hamming
b) Hanning
c) Bartlett
d) Kaiser

Q91. Why does the signal change while time scaling?

a) Because the frequency changes
b) Time changes
c) Length changes
d) both frequency and time changes

Q92. A band-limited signal with a maximum frequency of 5 kHz is to be sampled.

According to the sampling theorem, the sampling frequency which is not valid is
_______________
a) 5 kHz
b) 12 kHz
c) 15 kHz
d) 20 kHz
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Q93. Increased pulse-width in the flat-top sampling, leads to ______________
a) Attenuation of high frequencies in reproduction
b) Attenuation of low frequencies in reproduction
c) Greater aliasing errors in reproduction
d) No harmful effects in reproduction

Q94. Which of the following is the process of ‘aliasing’?

a) Peaks overlapping
b) Phase overlapping
c) Amplitude overlapping
d) Spectral overlapping

Q95. Find the Nyquist rate and Nyquist interval for the signal f(t) = 1 + sinc300πt.
a) 300 Hz, 3 msec
b) 300 Hz, 3.3 msec
c) 30 Hz, 3 msec
d) 3 Hz, 3 msec

Q96. The resulting signal when a continuous time periodic signal x(t) having period T,
is convolved with itself is ___________
a) Non-Periodic
b) Periodic having period 2T
c) Periodic having period T
d) Periodic having period T/2

Q97. The upper 8 bits of 40-bit accumulator of TMS320C54x processor is called,

_______________
a) Overflow bits
b) sign extension bits
c) guard bits
d) carry bits

Q98. What is the ROC of z-transform of a two-sided infinite sequence?

a) |z|>r1 b) |z|<r1 c) r2<|z|<r1 d) None of these.

Q99.What is the order of the four operations that are needed to be done on h(k) in
order to convolute x(k) and h(k)?
Step-1: Folding Step-2: Multiplication with x(k) Step-3:Shifting Step-
4:Summation
a) 1-2-3-4 b) 1-2-4-3 c) 2-1-3-4 d) 1-3-2-4

Page 18 of 26
Q100. Which of the following is true regarding the number of computations required to
compute an N-point DFT?
a) N2 complex multiplications and N(N-1) complex additions
b) N2 complex additions and N(N-1) complex multiplications
c) N2 complex multiplications and N(N+1) complex additions
d) N2 complex additions and N(N+1) complex multiplications.

Group-B

2. Determine whether following signals are periodic or not. If periodic find the fundamental
period
𝑗3πn
5πn 5πn
a) x(n)= Cos ( +1) b) x(n) = Cos ( ) + 3𝑒 4
9 3
(Module1/CO1/ Understand/ LOCQ)
3.Determine the even and odd parts of the signals.
𝑗5πn
a) x(n)= 3n b) x(n)= {2, -2,4,6} c) x(n)= 3𝑒 3
(Module1/CO1/ Understand/ LOCQ)

4. Determine whether the following signals are energy or power signals.

1
a) x(n) = ( )n u(n) b) x(n) = cos[ (π/4).n] c) x(n) =u(n)
4
(Module1/CO1/ Understand/ LOCQ)

5. Test the following systems for linearity,

a) y(n)= ex(n) b) y(n) = x(n2) c) y(n) = |x(n)| d) y(n) = n.x2(n)
(Module1/CO2/ Understand/ LOCQ)

6. Test the following systems for time invariant,

a) y(n) = x(n) + n x(n-2) b) y(n) = x(n-1) – x(n+5) (Module1/CO2/ Understand/ LOCQ)

7. Test the causality of the following systems.

a) y(n) = x(n) + n x(n-3) b) y(n) = x(n2) c) y(n) = x(-n)
(Module1/CO2/ Understand/ LOCQ)
8. Check whether the system is stable or not
a) h(n) = (1/2)nu(n) (b) h(n) =(1/3)n u(-n+1) c) h(n) = (1/2)n u(n) + (5)n u(-n+1)
(Module1/CO2/ Understand/ LOCQ)
9. Determine the impulse response for the cascade of two LTI systems having impulse
responses,
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h1(n) = (1/2)nu(n) and h2(n) = (1/5)n u(n)
(Module1/CO2/ Understand/ IOCQ)

10. Determine the overall impulse response of the interconnected discrete time systems
shown below,

Fig. (a)
Fig. (b)
(Module1/CO2/ Analyze/ IOCQ)
11.a) Determine the response of the LTI system whose input x(n) and impulse response h(n)
are given by,
x(n) = {1, 2, 3, 1} and h(n) = {1, 2, 1, -1} (Module1/CO2/ Apply/ IOCQ)

b) Why linear convolution is important in digital signal processing?

(Module1/CO2/ Remember/ LOCQ)

12. Find the linear and circular convolution of the sequences,

x1(n) = {1, 2, 3} and x2(n) = {4, 5, 6}
and
(Module1/CO2/ Analyze/ IOCQ)

13.i) Perform the linear convolution of the following sequences by a) Overlap add method,
and b) Overlap save method. x(n) = {1, -1,2, -2,3, -3,4, -4,5, -5} and h(n) = {-1, 1}
(Module1/CO2/ Analyze/ HOCQ)

ii) Compare the overlap add and overlap save method of sectioned convolutions.
(Module1/CO2/ Remember/ LOCQ)

14.A discrete time system is defined by the equation,Find its inverse system.

(Module1/CO2/ Analyze/ IOCQ)

15. Perform cross-correlation of the sequences, x(n) = {1, 1, 2, 2} and y(n) = {1, 0.5, 1}.

(Module1/CO2/ Apply/ IOCQ)

16. Determine the autocorrelation sequence for x(n) = {1, 2, 3, 4}
(Module1/CO2/ Apply/ IOCQ)

Page 20 of 26
17. a) List the differences between linear convolution and circular convolution.
b) What is zero padding? Why is it needed? (Module1/CO2/ Remember/ LOCQ)

18. Short Notes: (Module1/CO2/ Remember/ LOCQ)

a) Linear and nonlinear systems
b) BIBO stability of System
c) Time invariant and Time Variant system
d) LTI System
e) Sectioned convolution
19. Determine the Z-transform and their ROC of the following discrete time signals.
a) x(n) = {3, 4, 2, 7} b) x(n)= (0.3)n u(n) c) x(n)= (0.3)n u(n)+(0.5)n u(-n-1)
(Module1/CO2/ Apply/ IOCQ)

20. Find the one-sided Z-transform of the following discrete time signals.
a) x(n)= n.a(n-1) b) x(n)= CosΩn c) x(n)= e-at SinΩt

(Module2/CO1/Understand/IOCQ)

21. Find the initial value, x(0) and final value, x(∞) of the following z-domain signals.
a) X(Z)=1/(1 − 𝑍^(−2) )b)X(Z) = (2 − 4𝑍^(−1))/(1 + 2𝑍^(−1) − 3𝑍^(−2) )

(Module2/CO1/Apply/IOCQ)

22. Determine the inverse Z-transform of the function

a) X(Z) = (3 + 2𝑍−1 + 𝑍−2 )/(1 − 3𝑍−1 + 2𝑍^(−2) )
b) X(Z) = (3Z^(2) + 2Z + 1)/(Z2 + 4Z + 3) ) using Partial Fraction Expansion Method.

(Module2/CO1/Apply/HOCQ)

23. Determine the inverse Z-transform of X(Z) =(1/(1 − (0.8)𝑍−1 + (0.12)𝑍^(−2) ) , if ROC is
a) |Z|> 0.6 b) |Z|< 0.2 c) 0.2<|Z|<0.6

(Module2/CO1/Apply/IOCQ)

24. Determine the impulse response h(n) for the system described by the second-order
difference equation,
a) y(n) + 4y(n - 1) + 3y(n - 2) = x(n - 1)
b) y(n) - 3y(n -1) - 4y(n -2) = x(n) + 2x(n - 1).

(Module2/CO2/Apply/HOCQ)

Page 21 of 26
25. a) Obtain and sketch the impulse response of shift invariant system described by,
y(n) = 0.4 x(n) + x(n - 1) + 0.2 x(n - 2) + x(n - 3) + 0.6 x(n - 4)
b) Determine the response of LTI discrete time system governed by the difference
equation,
y(n) - 0.2 y(n - 1) - 0.03 y(n - 2) = x(n) + 0.4 x(n - 1) for the input, x(n) = 0.2n u(n) and with
initial condition, y(-2)= 0, y(-1) = 0.5

(Module2/CO2/Apply/HOCQ)
26. Find the response of the time invariant system with impulse response, h(n) = {1, 2, -1, -2}
to an input signal, x(n) = {1, 2, 3, 4}
(Module2/CO2/Apply/IOCQ)
27. An LTI system is described by the equation, y(n) = x(n) + 0.8 x(n - 1) + 0.8 x(n - 2) - 0.49
y(n - 2).Determine the transfer function of the system. Sketch the poles and zeros on the z-
plane. (Module2/CO1/Apply/HOCQ)
28. Obtain the direct form-I, direct form-II realizations of the LTI system governed by the
equation,

(Module2/CO1/Apply/IOCQ)

29. Realize the given system in cascade and parallel forms,

(Module2/CO2/Apply/HOCQ)
30. An LTI System is described by the equation; determine the cascade realization structure of
the system

(Module2/CO2/Apply/HOCQ)
31. The transfer function of an IIR system has 'Z' number of zeros and 'P' number of poles.
How many numbers of additions, multiplications and memory locations are required to
realize the system in direct form-I and direct form-II

(Module2/CO3/Analyze/IOCQ)
32. a) What is the advantage in cascade and parallel realization of IIR systems?
b) Compare the direct form-I and II structures of IIR systems, with M zeros and N poles.

(Module2/CO3/Apply/IOCQ)
33. Short Notes:
a) Region of convergence (ROC) (Module2/CO3/Analyze/IOCQ)
b) Direct form-I and II structure realization of an IIR system
Page 22 of 26
34. Consider the following Discrete Time domain signal,
x(n)= {1,2,3,4, -1,0, -3,5,2,4}; Determine the Down sampled version of the given signal for
the sampling rate reduction factor a) D=2 b) D=4 (Module6/CO1/Apply/ IOCQ)

35. For the given Multi-rate system find y(n) as a function of x(n)

(Module6/CO2/Analyze/ HOCQ)

36. Compare Butterworth and Chebyshev Type-1 Filter.

(Module4/CO3/ Remember/ LOCQ)

37. Derive the Normalized Chebyshev Low pass Filter Transfer function.
(Module4/CO3/ Analyze/ HOCQ)

38. Write down the frequency response of Hamming and Hanning window in FIR Filter
design. (Module4/CO3/ Remember/ LOCQ)

39. Design FIR linear phase digital filter approximating the ideal frequency response
1, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝜔 ≤ 𝜋 6
𝐻𝑑 (𝜔) =
0 ∙ 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝜋 6 ≤ 𝜔 ≤ 𝜋

(Module5/CO3/ Apply/ HOCQ)

2
40. The analog Filter Transfer function 𝐻 𝑆 = 𝑠 + 4.525
𝑠 2 + 0.692𝑠 + 0.504
Design a digital filter using Bilinear transformation method. (Module4/CO3/Apply/ IOCQ)

41. Calculate the percentage saving in a 512-point radix-2 FFT, when compare to Direct FFT.
(Module3/CO2/ Apply/ IOCQ)
42. Write down the difference between DIT and DIF radix -2 FFT.
(Module3/CO3/ Remember/ LOCQ)

Page 23 of 26
43. Write down the properties of Butterworth Filters.
(Module4/CO3/ Remember/ LOCQ)

44. Design Butterworth IIR Low pass filter using Bilinear transformation by taking T = 0.1 sec,
to satisfy the following specification.
0.6 ≤ H(ω) ≤ 1.0; for 0 ≤ ω ≤ 0.35π
H(ω) ≤ 0.1 ; for .7π ≤ ω ≤ π

(Module4/CO3/ Create/ HOCQ)

45.Consider the discrete time signal, x(n) = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}; Determine the up-sampled version
of the signals for the sampling rate multiplication factor,
a) I = 2 b) I = 3 c) I = 4
(Module6/CO1/ Apply/ IOCQ)

46. Why are Gibbs oscillations are developed in rectangular window and how can it be
eliminated or reduced? (Module4/CO3/ Remember/LOCQ)
47. a) Write the steps involved in FIR filter design.
b) List the characteristics of FIR filters design using windows technique.

(Module4/CO3, Understand, LOCQ)

48. a) Compare the rectangular window and Hanning window.

b) Compare the Hanning and Hamming window.
c) Compare the Hamming and Blackman window

(Module5/CO3/Analyze/ LOCQ)

49. What are the advantages and Disadvantages of FIR filters?

(Module5/CO3/ Remember/ LOCQ)

50.Design a linear phase FIR low pass filter using rectangular window by taking 7 samples of
window sequence and with a cutoff frequency, wc= 0.2 rad/sample.

(Module5/CO1/ Apply/ IOCQ)

51.a) Distinguish between IIR and FIR filters. (Module4/CO3/ Remember/ LOCQ)
b) What are the requirements for a digital filter to be stable and causal?

Page 24 of 26
52. How are analog poles mapped to digital poles in impulse invariant transformation (or in
Bilinear Transformation)? (Module4/CO3/ understand/ IOCQ)
53. Why an impulse invariant transformation is not considered to be one-to-one?

(Module4/CO3/ Remember/ LOCQ)

54. What is aliasing problem in impulse invariance method of designing digital filters? Why is
it absent in bilinear transformation? (Module4/CO1/ Apply/ IOCQ)

55. Obtain the impulse response of digital filter corresponding to an analog filter with impulse
response h(t) = 0.5e–2t and with a sampling rate of 1.0 kHz using impulse invariant method.
(Module4/CO3/ Apply/HOCQ)

56. Given that, H(s) = 1/(s+1). By impulse invariant method, obtain the digital filter transfer
function and the difference equation of digital filter. (Module4/CO3/Analyze/ IOCQ)

57. How is the analog frequency mapped to digital frequency in bilinear transformation?
(Module4/CO3/ understand/ IOCQ)

58.a) What is frequency warping?

b) What is pre-warping? Why is it employed? (Module4/CO3/Remember /LOCQ)

59. Compare the impulse invariant and bilinear transformations method.

(Module4/CO1/ Analyze/IOCQ)

60. a) Sketch the magnitude response of type-1 Chebyshev filters.

b) Sketch the magnitude response of type-2 Chebyshev filters.
(Module4/CO3/ Understand/ IOCQ)

61. For the analog transfer function, H(s) = (S + 1)/(S+2)(S+4); determine H(z) using impulse
invariant transformation if(a) T = 1 second and (b) T = 0.5 second.
(Module4/CO3/ Analyze/ IOCQ)
62. a) What is multi-rate DSP? (Module6/CO1/Remember/ LOCQ)
b) Given any two applications of multi-rate DSP system.
c) Write advantages of multi-rate processing.
d) What is an anti-imaging filter?

63. The spectrum of a discrete time signal is shown in fig 1. Draw the spectrum of the
decimated signal when the signal is decimated by D = 3.

Page 25 of 26
 (Module6/CO1/Apply/ HOCQ)

64. Consider the discrete time signal shown in fig 1. Sketch the up-sampled version of the
signals for the sampling rate multiplication factor, a) I = 2 b) I = 3.

(Module6/CO3/Apply/ IOCQ)

Page 26 of 26