SCIENCE MOCK TEST ANSWER – OCTOBER-2023 - 24

GRADE 10
Science (Subject Code – 086)
Max. Marks: 80 Max. Time: 3 Hours

General Instructions:
i. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student is
expected to attempt only one of these questions.
iii. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these questions should
be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these questions
should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answer to these questions
should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with sub-parts.

Section-A
Select and write the most appropriate option out of the four options given for each of the questions 1 -
20. There is no negative mark for incorrect response.

Questions Marks

1 c 1
2 d 1
3 c 1
4 a 1
5 b 1
6 b 1
7 a 1
8. c) Pons 1
9. c) 100J 1
10 b) Test tube 2 containing wheat flour, saliva and a few millilitres of water 1
11 d) Omnivores – molds, yeast and mushrooms 1
12 c) It converts the large molecules to small molecules that can pass through the cell 1
membrane.
13 b 1
14 d 1
15 b) only Y 1
16 b) The air pressed out of the lungs 1
Question No. 17 to 20 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
17 a) A is true but R is false. 1
18 b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A. 1
19 a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 1

20 b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A. 1

Section-B
Question No. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions
21 (a) S < R < P < Q 2
(b) Cu and QSO4

22 a) By feedback mechanism. If sugar level in our blood increase the cells of pancreas 1 2
detect it and secrete insulin which control the sugar level and its production decrease
when the sugar level falls.
b) Muscle cells- Have contractile proteins actin and myosin which help the muscle 0.5
tissue to expand and contract. In plants there is no specialized proteins, cells in a 0.5
sensitive plant change their shape due to change in the amount of water in them.

23 If all the waste we generate is biodegradable, the impact on the environment will be 1+1 2
comparetively less. It leads to increase in the population of microbes which is needed
for decomposition of wastes. This increases the risk of communicable diseases. It can
also lead to pollution . (Any two points)

OR
1
At each trophic level in a food chain a large portion of energy is utilised for the
maintenance of the organism and energy is lost as heat. Only 10% is available for
transfer to the next trophic level. (10% law). Longer the food chain lesser is the energy 1
available for the final member which will not be sufficient for it to survive.

24 Ohm’s Law states that the potential difference across the ends of a given metallic wire 1 2
in an electric circuit is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided
its temperature remains the same.
Rheostat ½+½
25 Dispersion- The splitting of white light into seven colours on passing through a prism. 1 2
Velocity is directly proportional to wavelength at a given constant frequency. So yellow
will have greater wavelength than blue as the velocity of yellow light is greater than ½+½
blue.
OR
By placing a second identical prism in an inverted position with respect to the first prism
we can recombine the spectrum of white light. 1

26 Diagram to show the nutrition in Amoeba and label pseudopodia 1.5 2

0.5
Pseudopodia is also used for locomotion/ movement.
Section-C
Question No. 27 to 33 are short answer questions

27 i) Single Displacement – (any example) Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu 3

ii) Double Displacement - (any example) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 --> 2 NaCl + BaSO4

28 (i) In the electrolysis of water, the gas collected at cathode is Hydrogen 3

The gas collected at anode is oxygen
(ii) The gas which is collected in double the amount during the electrolysis of water
is Hydrogen. This is because water contains two parts of hydrogen element as
compared to one part of oxygen element by volume.
(iii)Pure water does not conduct electricity; by adding drops of sulphuric acid; we
make it a good conductor of electricity.

OR
 i) Calcium sulphate hemihydrate (Plaster of Paris) - CaSO4. ½ H2O
(ii) CaSO4. 2H2O (heat)--> CaSO4. ½ H2O + 1 ½ H2O
(iii) Making toys, decorative items, support fractured bones

29 a). A is Lung capillaries Walls are one cell thick for easy diffusion of gases/ efficient 0.5+0.5 3
exchange of gases 1
b) Plasma, proteins and blood cells escape through the pores of ‘B’ into the intercellular
spaces in tissues to form lymph/ tissue fluid. ‘B’ is capillaries in body organs apart from 1
the lungs.
c). Prevents mixing of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood

30 a) The scientists were exposed to harmful UV-radiations of the sunlight as there was a 1 3
big hole over Antarctica and this might be the cause of skin cancer. The ozone layer acts
as an ozone shield and absorbs the harmful UV-radiations. The UV-radiations have
extremely harmful effects on human beings, animals as well as plants. (The cold
temperature and the fast-moving mass of cold air enhance the depletion of ozone layer)

b) Ozone at the higher levels of the atmosphere is a product of UV radiation acting on

oxygen (O2 ) molecule. The higher energy UV radiations split apart some molecular
oxygen (O2) into free oxygen (O) atoms. These atoms then combine with the molecular 0.5
oxygen to form ozone as shown— 0.5
O2 → O+O
O + O2 → O3 (ozone) 1

31 (i)Range of distance should be 0 cm to < 12 cm. ½ 3

(ii) The image will larger than the object. ½

1½

(0.5 mark to be deducted if no arrows marked or wrongly marked arrows)

(iii) Image will be at 24cm in front of the mirror, or the image is formed at C ½
32 n= 3
e=

t = 1 min =60s ½
I=Q/t==ne/t ( proper substitution) 1
= A(0.5 mark to be deducted if no unit or wrong unit) ½

If V is constant, current is inversely proportional to the ressitance.So when the 1

resistance is doubled, current will reduce to half.

33 No.The absolute refractive index (n=c/v) of any medium is always greater than 1, ½+½ 3
because speed of light in any medium is always less than that in vacuum (i.e v<c).
Position of candle=11.8cm
Position of convex lens=51cm
Position of screen=90.2cm
u = Position of convex lens- Position of candle ½
⇒u=−(51−11.8)=−39.2cm
v= Position of screen- Position of convex lens
⇒v=+(90.2−51) =+39.2cm
The magnitude of u= magnitude of v
So the object is at the centre of curvature
R=+39.2cm
2f =39.2 cm
f =39.2/2=+19.6 cm
(can substitute in lens formula too to find f ) 1

Section-D
Question No. 34 to 36 are long answer questions

34 (i) D < B < A < C 1 5

(ii) Decrease per unit volume. C will turn pink. D will be colourless. 2
(iii)Solution D. It has the least pH. pH is inversely proportional to H+ ion 2
concentration.
OR
(i) Zinc oxide reacts with both acidic and basic oxides to form salt and water.
(ii) Bee-sting leaves an acid which causes pain and irritation. Use of a mild base like
baking soda on the stung area gives relief by neutralizing the acid.
(iii)Hydrogen gas is not evolved when a metal reacts with nitric acid. It is because
HNO3 is a strong oxidising agent. It oxidises the H2 produced to water and itself
gets reduced to any of the nitrogen oxides (N2O, NO, NO2).
(iv) The acid must always be added slowly to water with constant stirring. If water is
added to a concentrated acid, the heat generated may cause the mixture to splash
out and cause burns. The glass container may also break due to excessive local
heating.
(v) Dry HCl gas does not dissociate into H+ ions in absence of water. H+ ions
change the colour of the litmus paper.
35 Diagram in the textbook and Labelling 2 5

a) Site of complete digestion in our body is small intestine and the product formed on 1
complete digestion of carbohydrates is glucose, proteins – amino acids and fats- fatty
acids and glycerol.

b) Fats digestion completes in the following steps- bile salts secreted by liver break
large globules into small globules by emulsification. The pancreas secretes pancreatic
1
juice which contains enzymes like trypsin for digesting proteins and lipase for breaking
down emulsified fats. The walls of the small intestine contain glands which secrete
intestinal juice. The enzymes present in it finally convert fats into fatty acids and
glycerol.

c) Bile secreted by liver is stored in the gall bladder and is released into the intestine 1
during digestion but if gall bladder is removed bile flows directly into the small
intestine. This will affect the digestion of fats. Hence patients whose gallbladder are
removed are recommended to eat less oily food

OR

a) Diagram and labelling of NEPHRON-the functional unit of kidney.

1.5
b) The main steps of urine formation- Glomerular filtration (ultrafiltration)of blood
occur in the bowman’s capsule from the capillaries of glomerulus. The filtrate
containing glucose, urea, amino acids salts and water passes into the tubules.
1.5
Selective reabsorption and secretion- selective reabsorption of useful substances like
glucose, amino acids, salts and water into the blood capillaries surrounding the nephron.
In the last step of urine formation, Ions like hydrogen, potassium is secreted to the
filtrate by tubular cells to form urine which is collected by collecting duct.

c) The amount of urine produced depends on the amount of excess water and dissolved
wastes present in the body. Also, hormones secreted by pituitary regulates the amount of
urine produced. 1

d) The amount of water that is reabsorbed depends on two parameters – amount of 1

excess water in the body, and how much dissolved waste is there is to be excreted.

36 (i) The image will be real and inverted, since the magnification has negative value. The 5
lens that can produce a real and inverted image is a converging lens 1

1
 (ii) The girl must have directed the ray of light along the direction of the optical centre
of the lens because the ray of light passes straight through the optical centre of the lens.

1
OR
a) 𝑛BA = sin𝑖 /sin𝑟 = sin60/ sin45
= √3 2 × √2 1 1
=√ 3/ 2 ½
b) 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑚 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑐𝑢𝑢𝑚/ 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑖𝑛 ½
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑚 ½
c) Yes
The light ray is incident along the normal
The refractive index of the 2 medium are the same.
d) 𝑛𝑑𝑔 = 1.6 ½
𝑛𝑔 =1.5
𝑛𝑑 = ? ½
𝑛𝑑𝑔 = 𝑛𝑑/ 𝑛𝑔 ½
1.6 = 𝑛𝑑 /1.5
𝑛𝑑 = 2.4
SECTION - E
Question No. 37 to 39 are case-based/data -based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-
parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.
37 i) A – CaCO3 and gas evolved is CO2. 0.5+0.5 4
ii) CaCO3 + H2SO4 --> CaSO4 + H2O + CO2 1
iii) The soil is acidic. Quicklime is CaO which is basic in nature. It will neutralise 2
the acidity of the soil.
OR

iii) CuO is a basic oxide. It reacts with HCl to form an aqueous solution of CuCl2 which
is blue green in colour along with water. Type of reaction – Neutralization.

38 a) The raw material of photosynthesis which is the source of oxygen gas is water. 0.5 4

b) Steps involved in photosynthesis after absorption of sunlight by chlorophyll- Light 1.5

reaction where ATP and NADPH are generated. Light energy is used to break water
molecules -the process is called photolysis of water. Oxygen is released in this step.
And Dark reaction where ATP and NADPH produced during light reactions are used to
reduce CO2 into carbohydrates.

2
 c) When water flows into the guard cells it swells and become turgid causing the
stomatal pore to open. Similarly, when the guard cell loose water it shrink/flaccid
causing the pore to close.

OR
Any two differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition-
Autotrophic nutrition- Organisms and plants make their own food by photosynthesis 2
using carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and chlorophyll.
All green plants, Use sunlight as the source of energy
Heterotrophic nutrition- Organisms derive nutrients from other living organisms not by
photosynthesis
Energy is derived by breakdown or digestion of organic substances. Any one example.
39 (i)She is suffering from myopia (short sightedness) since power is in negative. 1 4
(ii ) Concave lens. 1
(iii) P =-4.5D ½
f=1/P ½
= 1/-4.5 1
= - 22.22 cm (0.5 mark to be deducted if no unit or wrong unit)
OR
(iv)The focal length of the eye lens cannot be decreased below a certain limit. The least
1
distance of distinct vision for a normal eye is 25.cm. Thus, the normal eye is unable to
focus an object placed within 10 cm from the eye

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