DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, GURGAON

TERM I (2024-2025)
SCIENCE (086)
CLASS: X
SET B -ANSWER KEY
1. (c) power of accomodation 1

2. (c) RSPQ 1
3 (b) NaHCO3, NH4Cl, Na2CO3.10H2O 1
4 (c) remains unchanged 1
5 (a) B 1
6 (c) (i), (ii) and (iv) 1
7 (d) i) and iv) 1
8 (a) M = Zn Y = FeSO4 Z = Fe 1
9 (b) X and Z 1
10 (b) A-(iv), B-(iii) ,C-(i), D-(ii) 1
11 (b) 1800 C 1
12 (c) Auxin moves to the side of the shoot which does not face light and causes cells to 1
elongate.
13 (b) Bulb A and B do not glow but bulb C glows. 1
14 (d) concave lens of power - 0.5 D 1
15 (b) Binary Fission 1
16 (b) 1
17 (b) Both A and R ar e tr ue but R is not the cor r ect explanation of A 1
18 (d) A is false but R is true 1

19 (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A 1

20 (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 1
SECTION B 1
Q.no. 21 to 26 ar e ver y shor t answer questions
21 (a) The reaction of calcium metal with water is less violent and the heat evolved is not 1
sufficient for the hydrogen gas to catch fire. However the reaction between
potassium metal and water is so violent that hydrogen gas evolved catches fire
immediately.

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 (b) Aqua regia is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid in 1
the ratio of 3:1.
22 (a) 1Ampere of current means 1 Coloumb Of charge flowing through a conductor in 1 1
Second.
(b)An ammeter is used to measure the current flowing through a component/circuit. Since,
1
current remains same in series connection and also the resistance of an ammeter is very
small due to which it doesn't affect the current to be measured. So, an ammeter is
connected in series to measure current.
23 (a)Thyroid gland and the hormone produced by it is Thyroxin. 1
(b) Goitre. Symptom of this disease is a swollen neck. 0.5+0.5
OR
When a plant exhibits growth movement in response to a stimulus, it is referred to as 1
tropism. Tropism is specific to the direction of the stimulus.
0.5+0.5
(i) Abscisic acid (ii) Cytokinin
24 (a) A- Sodium iodide 0.5
Q- Lead iodide 0.5
(b) Iron articles get rusted/corroded when exposed to moist air. To prevent rusting, iron
articles are galvanised. 1
OR
i) Burning of natural gas- There is evolution of heat and light/exothermic reaction/release
of carbon dioxide gas.
0.5x4
ii) Copper pot kept exposed to moist air-It develops a green deposit due to corrosion.
iii) Applying slaked lime solution on walls- It develops a shiny finish like marble.
iv) A packet of chips kept open for few days- It becomes rancid/develops bad taste and
smell.
25 (a) Nature of the material, wavelength of incident ray 1
(b) ndg= nd /ng
= 1.6 = nd /1.5 0.5
= 1.6 x1.5=nd = 2.4 0.5
26 Electrical impulses will reach only those cells that are connected by nervous tissue, not each 1
and every cell in the animal body. Secondly, once an electrical impulse is generated in a cell
and transmitted, the cell will take some time to reset its mechanisms before it can generate
and transmit a new impulse. On the other hand, hormones produced by endocrine glands can 1
potentially reach all cells of the body. This will be slower but is done steadily and
persistently.
SECTION C
Q.no. 27 to 33 ar e shor t answer questions
27 (a) When a cell divides ,the DNA replicates itself .No bio-chemical reaction is absolutely 1
reliable. Therefore, it is only to be expected that the process of copying the DNA will have
some variations each time. As a result, the DNA copies generated will be similar, but may

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 not be identical to the original. (1)
(b) Rhizopus , It reproduces by spore formation(1) .The thick walls of spore enables it to
survive in harsh environmental conditions and prevents dehydration . Reproduction by spore
2
formation is quick, and many organisms are produced at once. (1)
28 (a) According to Rayleigh's scattering law, the amount of scattering of the light is inversely 1
proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength. OR
Smaller particles scatter light with shorter wavength (blue) and largsher particle scatter light
with long wavelength(red).

(b) Bigger particles like water droplets within a cloud scatter all wavelengths with roughly
the same effectiveness. If we consider that there are millions of water droplets in a 2
cloud, the scattered light interacts and combines to generate a white colour.(a)The rays
of light from the upper part and lower part of the periphery of the sun bend unequally
on travelling through earth's atmosphere. That is why the sun appears oval or flattened
at the time of sunrise and sunset.
OR
(a) The basic cause of atmospheric refraction is variation in optical density of different
layers of earth atmosphere. The sunlight passes through various regions of earth's 1
atmosphere, which have varied optical densities.
(b) At sunrise and sunset, the sun is near the horizon. The rays of light from the upper part 2
and lower part of the periphery of the sun bend unequally on travelling through earth's
atmosphere. That is why the sun appears oval or flattened at the time of sunrise and
sunset. At noon, the sun is overhead.
29. Phenomenon- Dispersion 0.5
When white light is passed through a glass prism it splits into its spectrum of colours
(in order violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red) and this process of
1
white light splitting into its constituent colours is termed as dispersion.

1.5

30 (a) i) The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi 1
which increase the surface area for absorption.(0.5)
ii) The villi are richly supplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each
and every cell of the body, where it is utilised for obtaining energy, building up new tissues
and the repair of old tissues.(0.5)
(b) Many plant waste products are stored in cellular vacuoles. Waste products may be stored
in leaves that fall off. Other waste products are stored as resins and gums, especially in old
xylem. (any two methods) (1) Waste products of economic importance are gums and 2
resins(1)

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31 (a) Walking is a voluntary action which requires our thinking. Areas of the forebrain are 1.5
involved in the decision making. The information is passed on to the voluntary muscles,
to generate necessary movements. The cerebellum plays a role in the precision of this
voluntary action.
(b) The hormone Adrenalin helps in dealing with an emergency situation by increasing the
breathing and heart rate. Blood flow in the skeletal muscles is increased. The heart beats
faster, resulting in supply of more oxygen to our muscles. The blood to the digestive 1.5
system and skin is reduced due to contraction of muscles around small arteries in these
organs. This diverts the blood to our skeletal muscles. The breathing rate also increases
because of the contractions of the diaphragm and the rib muscles. (any other relevant
answer)
32. (a) Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 1
2NaOH + Zn Na2ZnO2 + H2
1
(b) In case I, CO2 gas when passed through lime water, it turns milky. 0.5
In case II, when a lighted matchstick is brought near the mouth of the test tube where 0.5
H2 gas is evolved, the gas burns with a pop sound.
33 (a) i) CaF2 1

ii) This compound can conduct electricity in the molten state because the electrostatic
1
forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are overcome due to heat and
the ions can move freely.
(b) i) A metal which forms an amphoteric oxide- Al/Zn
0.5
ii) A liquid non-metal-Br
0.5
SECTION-D

Q.no. 34 to 36 ar e Long answer questions.

34 (a) i) Common name: Plaster of Paris 0.5
Chemical name: Calcium sulphate hemihydrate 0.5
ii) CaSO4.2H2O 373K heat CaSO4.1/2 H2O + 1 1/2 H2O
1
iii) Uses: Used by doctors to support fractured bones/making decorative items or toys/
making the walls smooth etc.
1
(b) i) Baking soda is a mild non corrosive base which neutralises excess acid in the stomach.
ii) The carbon dioxide gas produced during the reaction causes the bread/cake to rise and 1
make it soft and spongy. 1
OR
(a) For preparing salt with pH > 13, acid used is CH3COOH/ H2CO3 and base used is NaOH.
1
For preparing salt with pH=7, acid used is HCl and base used is NaOH/ acid used is

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 CH3COOH/ H2CO3 and base used is NH4OH. 1
(b) i) X= Cl2/chlorine Y= CaOCl2/bleaching powder/calcium oxychloride.
0.5+0.5
ii) Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 CaOCl2 + H2O
1
(c) Plants require a specific pH range for their healthy growth. When the soil turns acidic, to
neutralize the acidic effect, farmers treat their soil with chalk powder as it is a mild base. 1

35 (a)The image is actual and the same size, it should be positioned at 2F. The image of the 1
needle is assumed to be formed at a distance of 50 cm from the convex lens. As a result, the
needle is positioned 50 cm in front of the lens.
1
Focal length f=25cm
P=1/f=4D
1
(b) concave lens

OR
(a)The ratio of the focal lengths of mirrors AB and CD will be equal to one as both the
mirrors are part of same spherical ball. Hence, their radius of curvature and focal length will 0.5
be same.
The mirror AB will always form a virtual image when object is placed infront of it because
mirror AB is a convex mirror. 1.5

(b) Given
Magnification, m=−1
Image is real and inverted.
So, mirror is concave.
Image distance, v=40cm
Object distance, u

magnification, m=−v/u
Mirror Formula
1/f=1/v+1/u
magnification
m=−v/u
−1=− (−40)/u 1
u=−40cm
Hence the object is placed at 40 cm from the mirror.

If the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror, then its new position would be at the focus
of the mirror.

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 Position of the image will be at infinity. 1

36. (a)Well labelled diagram showing three stages (bud formation, development of parts of bud, 3
two hydra (3)

(b) In Planaria regeneration is carried out by specialised cells (0.5) These cells proliferate
and make large numbers of cells. (0.5) From this mass of cells, different cells undergo
changes to become various cell types and tissues. These changes take place in an organised
2
sequence referred to as development. (0.5) Regeneration is not the same as reproduction,
since most organisms would not normally depend on being cut up to be able to reproduce.
(0.5)
OR
(a)Well labelled diagram (3)
3

(b) Plants raised by vegetative propagation can bear flowers and fruits earlier than those
produced from seeds. Such methods make possible the propagation of plants such as banana,
orange,rose and jasmine that have lost the capacity to produce seeds. All plants produced are
2
genetically similar enough to the parent plant to have all its characteristics. (any two )(1)
(i) stem (ii) leaf (0.5+0.5)

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 SECTION E
Q. no. 37 to 39 ar e case - based/data -based questions with 3 shor t sub-par ts.Inter nal
choice is pr ovided in one of these sub-par ts.
37 (a) Resistance is defined as the property of the conductor which opposes the flow of electric 1
current. It is also defined as the ratio of the voltage applied to the electric current flowing
through it.
(b)

1
(c)R=V/I
=60/4=15Ω
1
When potential difference is 120 V
I=V/R=8A
OR

38. (a) Fermentation. Carbon dioxide 1

(b) Temperature is variable. Rate of anaerobic respiration/fermentation is more at 280 1
C/More carbon dioxide is produced at 280 C.
(c) Bakery products / production of alcohol

OR
(c) Yeast produces ethanol, where as a muscle cell will produce lactic acid. Yeast will
furthermore produce CO2 while the muscles will not. 2

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39 (a) 2Cu(NO3)2 heat 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2 1
(b) Silver bromide needs to be stored in a dark coloured bottle in the laboratory because on 1
exposure to sunlight, it undergoes photolytic decomposition reaction.
(c) H2 gas is formed at cathode and O2 gas is formed at anode. 1
Hydrogen : Oxygen mass ratio is 1:8 1
OR
(c) i) Calcium oxide/quick lime and carbon dioxide are formed on thermal decomposition of
limestone. 1
ii) The green colour of ferrous sulphate crystals turns into brown colour solid.
There is burning smell of sulphur observed. 1

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