Unit sey Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly) EY 00k at these examples: © Our holiday was too short ~ the time passed very quickly. ‘Two people were seriously injured in the accident. Quickly and seriously are adverbs. Many adverbs are formed from an adjective + -ly: quick serious careful quiet_—heavy bad quickly seriously carefully quieily heavily badly | For spelling, see Appendix 6. Not all words ending in -ly are adverbs. Some adjectives end in -ly too, for example: friendly lively elderly lonely silly lovely =a Adjective or adverb? Adjectives (quick/careful etc.) tell us about a__| Adverbs (quickly/carefully etc.) cell us abour rnown (somebody or something). We use a verb (how somebody does something or j adjectives before nouns: brow’ something happens): | 1D Sam is a careful driver. 1 Sam drove carefully along the narrow (not a carefully driver) road. (not drove careful) We didn't go out because of the heavy 2 We didn’t go out because it was raining | rain. heavily. (not raining heavy) Compare: | © She speaks perfect English. 1 She speaks English perfectly. j tdietice + noun verbs mown + arb | We also use adjectives after some verbs, especially be, and also look/feeV/sound et. | Compare: } 10 Please be quiet. . lease speak quietly. | © Iwas disappointed that my exam results | © Twas unhappy that I did so badly in the | were so bad. exam, (ot did so bad) © Why do you always look so serious? hy do you never take me seriously? | feel happy. © The children were playing happily. We also use adverbs before adjectives and other adverbs. For example: reasonably cheap (adverb + adjective) terribly sorry adverb + adjective) ineredibly quickly (adverb + adverb) Its a reasonably cheap restaurant and the food is extremely good. 2 I'm terribly sorry. I didn’t mean to push you. (of terrible sorry) | 5 Maria learns languages incredibly quickly. | (© The examination was surprisingly easy. You can also use an adverb before a past participle (injured/organised/written etc. | 5 Two people were seriously injured in the accident. (not serious injured) | 1 The meeting was very badly organised. | 200 Adjectives after bellook/feel ete. > Unit 99¢ Adjectives and adverbs 2 —> Unit 101Exercises Unit 100 100.1 Complete each sentence with an adverb. The first letters of the adverb are given. 1 We didn’t go out because it was raining he Uy. . Our team lost the game because we played very ba... Thad litcle difficulty finding a place to live. I found a flat quite ea - ‘We had to wait for a long time, but we didn’t complain, We waited pat . Nobody knew Steve was coming to see us. He arrived unex... Mike keeps fit by playing tennis reg, T don't speak French very well, but I can understand per woe if people speak sl and cl ica Pao 100.2 Put in the correct word. 1 Two people were F044... injured in the accident. (serious / seriously) 2 The driver of the car had ...S2Fi0US_.. injuries. (serious / seriously) 3 I think you behaved very «(selfish / selfishly) 4 Rose is upset about losing her job. (terrible / terribly) 5 There was a change in the weather. (sudden / suddenly) 6 Everybody at the party was «dressed. (colourful / colourfully) 7 Linda likes wearing... clothes. (colourful / colourfully) 8 Liz fell and hurt herself quite + (bad / badly) 9 Joe says he didn’t do well at school because he was nvm taught. (bad / badly) 10 Don’t go up that ladder. It doesn’t look 2. _. « (safe / safely) 100.3 Complete each sentence using @ word from the box. Sometimes you need the adjective (careful ete.) and sometimes the adverb (carefully etc.). carefulily) completetly) —_continuous(ly) fluentily) happy/hay nervous(ly) __ perfect(ly) specially) 1 Our holiday was too short. The time passed very ..4ickly... 2 Steve doesn't take risks when he's driving. He's alway nec 3 Sue works ~ She never seems to stop. 4 Rachel and Patrick ae Very cve-onenen married. 5. Maria’s English is very... although she makes quite a lot of mistakes. 6 Lcooked this meal for you, so I hope you like it. 7 Everything was very quiet. There WS ewww silence, 8 I rtried on the shoes and they fitted me... ai 9 Do you usually feel nnn before examinations? 10 Td like to buy a car, but it’s impossible for me at the moment. 100.4 Choose two words (one from each box) to complete each sentence. absolutely badly completely | | changed cheap. damaged -reasonably- seriously slightly enormous ill Jong unnecessarily unusually planned quiet 1 I thought the restaurant would be expensive, but it was ..12asonably. cheap Steve's mother is 25 in hospital. What a big house! It's “ Ie wasn’t a serious accident. The car was only is ‘ ‘The children are normally very lively, but they're no oman today. When I returned home after 20 years, everything had 0s eR The film aS onion uv + Tt coud have been much shorter. A lot went wrong during our holiday because it was ... ~ Additional exercise 31 (page 320) 201Good/well Good is an adjective. The adverb is well: 1 Your English is good. but You speak English well. 1 Susan is a good pianist. but Susan plays the piano well. We use well (not good) with past participles (dressed/known etc.): well-dressed well-known well-educated well-paid © Gary’s father is a well-known writer. But well is also an adjective with the meaning ‘in good healt! 1 ‘How are you today? ‘I'm very well, thanks.” Fast/hard/late ‘These words are both adjectives and adverbs: adjective adverb 10 Darren is a very fast runner. Darren can run very fast. 0 Kate is a hard worker. Kate works hard. (not works hardly) 8 Twas late. 1 got up late this morning. Lately = recently: ‘© Have you seen Tom lately? Hardly Hardly = very little, almost not. Study these examples: 1 Sarah wasn’t very friendly at the party. She hardly spoke to me. (= she spoke to me very little, almost not at all) 0 We've only met once or twice. We hardly know each other. Hard and hardly are different. Compare: 0 He tried hard to find a job, but he had no luck. (= he tried a lot, with a lot of effort) c P'm not surprised he didn’t find a job. He hardly tried to find one. (= he tried very little) ‘You can use hardly + any/anybody/anyone/anything/anywhere: 0 A: How much money have we got? 1: Hardly any. (= very little, almost none) 12 These two cameras are very similar. There’s hardly any difference between them. 10 The exam results were very bad. Hardly anybody in our class passed. (= very few students passed) | Note that you can say: (0 She said hardly anything. or She hardly said anytl 3 We've got hardly any money. or We've hardly got any money. There's hardly anything in the fridge I can hardly do something = it's very difficult for me, almost impossible: 1D Your writing is terrible. I can hardly read it. (= itis almost impossible to read it) 1 My eg was hurting me. I could hardly walk. Hardly ever = almost never: 1c P'm nearly always at home in the evenings. I hardly ever go our. Hardly also means ‘certainly nor’. For example: 1 I's hardly surprising that you're tired. You haven’t slept for three days. (= it’s certainly not surprising) 1D The situation is serious, but it’s hardly a crisis. i's certainly not a crisis) Adjectives after verbs (‘You look tired’ ete) —> Unit 99C Adjectives and adverbs 1 — Unit 100Exercises Unit 101 101.1 Put in good or well. 1 I play tennis but I'm not very ...9904.... . 7 Lucy speaks German very _— 2 Your exam results were very vem + 8 Lucy's German is very _ 3 You did in your exams. 9 Our new business isn’t doing very 4 The weather was while Weer at the moment. were on holiday. 10 [ike your hat. It looks... on you, 5 Ididn’t sleep last night. 11 Eve met her a few times, but I don’t know 6 How are you? Are you 2 BOF en 101.2 Complete these sentences using well + the following words: ‘behaved dressed informed kept known paid written 1 The children were very good. They were ..!uellbehaved. I'm surprised you haven't heard of her. She is quite e-em Our neighbours’ garden is neat and tidy. It is Very ano - enjoyed the book you lent me. It's a great story and it’s very Tania knows a lot about many things. She is very Mark’s clothes are always smart, He is always Jane has a lot of responsibility in her job, but she isn’t very... an ween 101.3 Are the underlined words right or wrong? Correct them where necessary. 1 I'm tired because I've been working hard. OK, 2 Lried hard to remember her name, but [couldn't on This coat is practically unused. I've hardly Worn it. omnoe Judy is a good tennis player. She hits the ball hardly... a 5 Don’t walk so fast! I can’t keep up with vou. 7 7 mo 6 Thad plenty of time, so I was walking slow. 7 niente 101.4 Complete the sentences, Use hardly + the following verbs (in the correct form): change hear know. recognise say sleep speak 1 Scott and Tracy have only met once before. They ...Aar4ly.knor... each other 2 You're speaking very quietly. I can —— you, 3. I'm very tired this morning. | last night. 4 We were so shocked when we heard the news, we could. ean i — —* 5 Kate was very quiet this evening. She ... — o re a word. 6 You look the same now as you looked 15 years ago. YOUN€ snes 7 [met Dave a few days ago. I hadn't seen him for a long time and he jookey very different now. I him. 101.5 Complete these sentences with hardly + any/anybody/anything/anywhere/ever. 1 T'll have to go shopping. There's ...(ardly. anything... to eat. 2 Te was a very warm day and there was wind. 3 ‘Do you know much about computers?” ‘No, ... aR 4 The hotel was almost empty. Thete Wa$ -eernunennnnmnnn Staying there, § listen to the radio quite often, but I. us ssn. Watch television. 6 Our new boss is not very popular. likes her. 7 It was very crowded in the room. There was to sit. 8 We used to be good friends, but we... -owensnem Se@ each other now. 9 Ir was nice driving this morning. There W2S jo -o---ennennnn atic. 10 Thate this town, There's a TOO GH vessaan nn 10 80% = Additional exercise 31 (page 320) 203