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EC503 Partha Chakraborty

This presentation discusses sampling in digital communication and stochastic processes. It introduces key concepts such as the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, which establishes that a signal must be sampled at twice its highest frequency to avoid aliasing. Sampling is explained as the process of converting continuous signals to discrete form by capturing samples, and is crucial for digital communication. Analog-to-digital converters quantize sampled analog signals into digital representations. Signal reconstruction restores the original signal from samples using techniques like interpolation. Understanding these sampling fundamentals enhances the ability to design reliable communication systems.

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Partha Chakraborty
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68 views8 pages

EC503 Partha Chakraborty

This presentation discusses sampling in digital communication and stochastic processes. It introduces key concepts such as the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, which establishes that a signal must be sampled at twice its highest frequency to avoid aliasing. Sampling is explained as the process of converting continuous signals to discrete form by capturing samples, and is crucial for digital communication. Analog-to-digital converters quantize sampled analog signals into digital representations. Signal reconstruction restores the original signal from samples using techniques like interpolation. Understanding these sampling fundamentals enhances the ability to design reliable communication systems.

Uploaded by

Partha Chakraborty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TOPIC NAME : SAMPLING IN DIGITAL

COMMUNICATION
NAME : Partha Chakraborty

ROLLNO : 25500322002

REGISTRATION NO : 222550120457
DEPARTMENT : ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SUBJECT : Digital Communication and Stochastic Processes

SUBJECT CODE : EC503

COLLEGE NAME : DR.SUDHIR CHANDRA SUR INISTITUTE OF ENGINEERINGAND SPORT’S


COMPLEX
CONTENTS :

➢ Introduction

➢ Basics of Sampling

➢ Sampling Process in Digital Communication

➢ Signal Reconstruction in Digital Communication

➢ Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Topic Overview: This presentation delves into the fundamental concepts of Sampling in Digital
Communication and Stochastic Processes.

✓ Essential in Communication: Sampling is a cornerstone of modern communication systems, enabling


the conversion of continuous signals into discrete forms for efficient transmission and processing.

✓ Accurate Representation: The accuracy of sampled data directly influences the fidelity of information
transfer, making it crucial for preserving signal integrity.

✓ Stochastic Processes' Role: Stochastic processes add another layer of significance by providing tools to
model and analyze randomness and uncertainty in communication channels.

✓ Real-world Impact: Understanding these concepts enhances our ability to design robust and reliable
communication systems that meet the demands of today's interconnected world.
BASICS OF SAMPLING

✓ Sampling Definition: Sampling is the fundamental process of converting continuous signals into discrete
signals. It involves capturing specific points from a continuous signal to create a digital representation.

✓ Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Theorem: This theorem establishes a crucial guideline for accurate sampling.
It states that a signal must be sampled at a rate greater than or equal to twice its highest frequency
component (Nyquist frequency) to avoid aliasing, a phenomenon where high-frequency components are
misrepresented as lower frequencies.

✓ Minimum Sampling Rate: The Nyquist-Shannon theorem sets a minimum sampling rate required to
faithfully reconstruct the original signal. Below this rate, aliasing occurs, leading to loss of information and
distortion.

✓ Graphical Illustration: Imagine a continuous sinusoidal waveform. By selecting discrete samples at a rate
higher than the Nyquist rate, the original waveform can be accurately reconstructed. However, if the
sampling rate is too low, aliasing causes the signal to be misrepresented.
SAMPLING PROCESS IN DIGITAL
COMMUNICATION

✓ Role of Sampling: Sampling is a fundamental process in digital communication that involves capturing
continuous analog signals at discrete intervals. It enables the conversion of continuous signals into digital
form, facilitating efficient processing and transmission.

✓ Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs): In the sampling process, Analog-to-Digital Converters play a


crucial role.ADCs quantize the sampled analog signal into a digital representation by assigning numerical
values to discrete levels. This transformation ensures accurate signal representation for subsequent
processing.
SIGNAL RECONSTRUCTION IN DIGITAL
COMMUNICATION

✓ Reconstruction Process: Signal reconstruction involves restoring the original continuous signal from its
discrete samples. This process is vital to accurately represent and transmit information.

✓ Interpolation Techniques: Interpolation methods bridge the gaps between sampled data points.
Common techniques include linear interpolation, polynomial interpolation, and spline interpolation.
These methods estimate values between samples to create a continuous representation.

✓ Challenges and Considerations: Achieving accurate signal reconstruction faces challenges like
aliasing, quantization noise, and sampling rate selection. Anti-aliasing filters mitigate aliasing effects,
while proper quantization minimizes noise. Selecting an appropriate sampling rate ensures faithful signal
reproduction.
CONCLUSION
✓ In conclusion, we have delved into the fascinating world of sampling in Digital Communication and the
realm of Stochastic Processes. Throughout this presentation, we have explored the fundamental concepts
that underpin these two areas and their crucial roles in modern communication systems.

✓ We began by understanding the essentials of sampling, recognizing its significance in converting continuous
signals into discrete forms. The Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem illuminated the importance of proper
sampling rates to faithfully represent signals and avoid aliasing.

✓ Moving into the domain of Digital Communication, we witnessed how sampling becomes a pivotal process
in the transmission and reception of digital signals. The integration of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs)
highlighted the intricate relationship between continuous and discrete domains, a cornerstone of digital
communication technology.

In closing, let us embrace the knowledge gained from this exploration, recognizing the vital role of
sampling in Digital Communication and the power of Stochastic Processes in unraveling the complexities of
uncertainty. As aspiring students in this dynamic field, the path ahead is illuminated by the insights we've
gathered today, propelling us towards innovation, discovery, and excellence in the world of communication
technology.
THANK YOU

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