21 - 22 GIT - UGS - ENDO - EXT MCQs-1
21 - 22 GIT - UGS - ENDO - EXT MCQs-1
ANATOMY
10. The corpora spongiosum histologically pierce which of the following structures
A. Dorsal Artery
B. Dorsal Vein
C. Ureter
D. Urethra
E. Superficial Dorsal Artery
11. Auerbach’s plexus is found in which of the following
A. Oesophagus
B. Jejunum
C. Ileum
D. Stomach
E. Liver
12. The Porta hepatis consist of the following except
A. Portal vein
B. Hepatic vein
C. Hepatic artery
D. Bile duct
E. Hepatic duct
13. Which of these is not implicated during descent of testis
A. Inhibition of Mullerian inhibiting hormone
B. Enlargement of testis
C. Atrophy of paramesonephric duct
D. Stimulation by androgen
E. Raised intra-abdominal pressure
14. Which of the following does not contribute to the roof of inguinal canal
A. Medial cruis of the external oblique muscle
B. Internal oblique muscle
C. Transversalis fascia
D. Inguinal ligament
15. Which of the following is not true concerning the lamina propria
A. Thin layer of loose connective tissue
B. Presence of mucous gland
C. High vascularized
D. Paneth cell
E. Lymphoid tissue
16. Which of the following is not devoid of lymphatic nodules in its lamina propria?
A. Duodenum
B. Ileum
C. Jejunum
D. Large intestine
E. Oesophagus
17. The following are true about the development of ureter except
A. Bifid ureter is a result of division of metanephric blastema
B. Ectopic ureter may open into the vagina in females
C. Ectopic ureter may open into the seminal vesicle in males
D. The most common are variation in shape and position
18. Which duct is not associated with the urinary system development
A. Ureteric bud
B. Mullerian duct
C. Pronephric duct
D. Wolffian duct
E. Mesonephric duct
19. All of the following are sites of ectopic testes except
A. Scrotal sac
B. Medial thigh
C. Dorsal to the penis
D. On the opposite side
E. External to aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
20. The penile urethra is derived from
A. urogenital sinus
B. pelvic part of the vesicourethral canal
C. phallic part of the vesicourethral canal
D. cloaca
E. mesonephric duct
21. The embryonic origin of the labia minora is
A. urethral folds
B. genital tubercle
C. genital swellings
D. sinovaginal bulbs
E. cloacal membrane
22. The following structures are directly or indirectly derived from the Wolffian duct except
A. part of the epididymis
B. part of the kidney
C. part of the urinary bladder
D. seminal vesicles
E. prostate
23. The ureteric bud appears as an outgrowth from the
A. mesonephric mass
B. lateral plate mesoderm
C. urogenital sinus
D. allantoic duct
E. mesonephric duct
24. Appendicular artery is normally a direct branch of
A. Ileocolic artery
B. Internal iliac artery
C. Left renal artery
D. Right colic artery
E. Inferior mesenteric artery
25. Litigation of coeliac trunk would impair blood flow to which organ
A. Spleen
B. Oesophagus
C. Rectum
D. Appendix
E. Left suprarenal gland
26. Oesophagus is constricted at one of the following points except
A. At its junction with the pharynx
B. Where it is crossed by arch of aorta
C. Where it pierces the diaphragm
D. Where it crosses left main bronchus
E. Where it lies behind pulmonary trunk
27. Lymph vessels from the scrotum drain primarily into
A. Deep inguinal nodes
B. Lumbar nodes
C. Superficial inguinal nodes
D. External iliac nodes
E. Internal iliac nodes
28. External urethra sphincter receives somatic fibres from
A. Pelvic splanchnic nerves
B. Illiohypogastric nerve
C. Obturator nerve
D. Pudendal nerve
E. Inferior rectal nerve
2. Clearance values of the following compounds are used to test renal function except:
(a) Urea
(b) Glucose
(C) Creatinine
(d) Inulin
3. Dual function enzyme
(a) ACTH
(b) Aldosterone synthase
(c) CYP17A1
(d) 20,22 Desmolase
4. Enzyme deficient in Congenital Adrenal Hypoplasia except
(a) 21α Hydroxylase
(b) 11β Hydroxylase
(c) 3β Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
(d) 17α Hydroxylase
5. Adrenal cortex zones from outer to inner
(a) ZF → ZG → ZR
(b) ZR → ZF → ZG
(c) ZG → ZF → ZR
(d) ZG → ZR → ZF
6. Amino acid produced by adding hydroxyl group to benzene ring of phenylalanine
(a) Threonine
(b) Serine
(c) Tyrosine
(d) Histidine
7. Cells of the Zona fasciculata of adrenal cortex do not synthesis the potent mineralocorticoid
because they lack expression of which of the following enzymes
(a) CYP 11B1, 11β-hydroxylase
(b) CYP 11B2, Aldosterone synthase
(c) CYP17A1, 17α-hydroxylase, and 17, 20-Lyase
(d) CYP21A2, 21-hydroxylase
8. The following are true concerning physical properties of blood except:
(a) Thicker than water
(b) 8 % of total body weight
(c) Blood volume 4 - 5 litres in males
(d) PH - 7.35 to 7.45
9. Causes of thrombocytopaenia are except:
(a) Drug induced
(b) Lymphoma
(c) Bone marrow failure
(d) Hyposplenism
10. The following are true of hormonal functions except:
(a) Reproduction and sexual differentiation
(b) Development and growth
(c) Maintenance of the internal and external environment
(d) Regulation of metabolism and nutrient supply.
11. In hormone Resistance Syndromes,
(a) it describes a common syndrome
(b) blood levels of a particular hormone is elevated but the tropic hormone level is not
suppressed
(c) most cases, are usually caused by receptor mutations
(d) Examples include dwarfism, Laron syndrome, pseudohypoparathyroidism etc
12. The following hormones increases with aging except:
(a) adrenocorticotropic hormone
(b) Follicle-stimulating hormone
(c) Sex-hormone binding globulin
(d) Thyroxine
13. Some vitamins can be synthesized in the
(a) Spleen
(b) Intestine
(c) Lymphoid tissues
(d) Kidney tubules
14. Vitamins are required in ___ quantity per day
(a) nanogramme
(b) milligramme
(c) kilogramme
(d) Gramme
15. ________ define the external boundaries of cells and control the molecular traffic across
that boundary
(a) Cell membrane
(b) Cell wall
(c) Plasma
(d) Mitochondria
16. In glycoprotein assembly, direct synthesis involves sequential addition of sugar on
(a) Serine/threonine residues
(b) Serine/tyrosine residues
(c) Threonine/asparagine residues
(d) Asparagine/cysteine residue
17. Aggregate formation of amphipathic lipids upon exposed to water are except
(a) Micelles
(b) Bilayer
(c) Liposomes
(d) Phagosomes
26. The following stimulants of thirst center causes decrease in thirst except:
(a) Increased Osmolality
(b) Increased Blood volume
(c) Increased Blood pressure
(d) Decreased Angiotensin Il
27. Gastric Juice contains the followings except:
(a) Amylase
(b) Pepsin
(c) Hydrochloric
(d) Mucus
28. Normal specific gravity of 24 hour urine is;
(a) 1.003-1.010
(b) 1.010-1.015
(c) 1.015-1.025
(d) 1.025-1.035
29. The following are the endocrine function of the kidney except
(a) Erythropoietin secretion
(b) Synthesis of Vit D3
(c) Synthesis of Prostaglandins
(d) Synthesis of Angiotensin
30. Creatinine Clearance is a sensitive
(a) marker for urolithiasis
(b) marker of tubular function
(c) marker of glomerular function
(d) marker for skeletal muscle mass measurement
31. Which of the following is true concerning calcitonin
(a) inhibits bone resorption
(b) inhibits urinary excretion of calcium
(c) deficient in Zollinger Ellison syndrome
(d) produced in the parathyroid glands
32. Which of the following yields acetyl co-A via aceto-acetyl co-A?
(a) Leucine
(b) lsoleucine
(0) Threonine
(d) Alanine
33. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of 700 ug/ day in adult females is peculiar for
(a) Vitamin K
(b) Vitamin E
(c) Vitamin D
(d) Vitamin A
34. All of the following statement regarding glomerular filtration rate are true except:
(a) GFR is approximately equal to endogenous creatinine clearance
(b) Measurement of GFR is a test of tubular function
(c) Glomerular filtrate has a Specific gravity of 1.010
(d) Glomerular filtrate is formed by ultrafiltration of the plasma
35. Fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for enhancing intestinal absorption of mineral
elements are
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Vitamin D
36. The most potent tocopherol is
(a) Alpha
(b) Beta
(c) Gamma
(d) Delta
37. The vitamin whose deficiency results in anaemia is
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin D
(c) Vitamin E
(d) Vitamin K
38. A type of a synthetic water-soluble vitamin is
(a) Menaquinone
(b) Phylloquinone
(c) Menadione
(d) Phyllodione
39. Iron is absorbed in
(a) Ferric state
(b) Ferrous state
(c) Ferrobin
(d) Ferritin
40. The enzyme that converts ferric iron to ferrous iron in the GIT is
(a) Ferric oxidase
(b) Ferric reductase
(c) Ferric oxidoreductase
(d) Ferric peroxidase
41. A regulatory protein for iron efflux in the cell is
(a) Hepcidin
(b) Ferrihydrite
(c) Ferrotone
(d)Apoferritin
42. The protein that prevents iron from becoming free radicals is
(a) Transferrin
(b) Chelator
(c) Ceruloplasmin
(d) Plasma
43. Mechanisms for separating the various components of the blood include the following
except
(a) Distillation
(b) Filtration
(c) Reabsorption
(d) Secretion
44. Artificial kidneys use ____ membrane in place of the PLPB membranes to separate the
components of blood
(a) polymer of glucose
(b) amino acid polymer
(c) crystalline protein
(d) cellulose paper
45. Gonad hormones can be produced from the following glands except
(a) Testes
(b) Ovary
(c) Adrenal medulla
(d) Placenta
46. Which of the following is the first known sex hormone
(a) Beta-oestradiol
(b) estriol
(c) Estrone
(d) None of the above
47. Which is wrong concerning oestrogen
(a) Preserves skin elasticity
(b) Improves memory
(c) Masculine development
(d) Prevent cardiac disease
48. Regarding hemochromatosis, one of the following is wrong
(a) Increase Transferrin
(b) Increase Ferritin
(c) Decrease Hepcidin
(d) Increase hemosiderin
49. You are treating a patient whose symptoms lead you to suggest that he is suffering from
Cushing syndrome. Testing for which of the following would aid in your diagnosis in this patient.
(a) decreased plasma T3
(b) decreased urinary cortisol
(c) elevated plasma ACTH
(d) elevated plasma growth hormone
50. The following compound acts through cyclic GMP except
(a) sodium nitrite
(b) nitro-glycerine
(c) nitric oxide
(d) bicarbonate
51. The following are Adrenal Androgen except
(a) DHEA
(b) Androstenedione
(c) Testosterone
(d) DHEAS
52. Precursor of adrenal steroid
(a) Tyrosine
(b) Cortisol
(c) Epinephrine
(d) Cholesterol
53. Epinephrine is formed from norepinephrine by
(a) Hydroxylation
(b) O-methylation
(c) N-methylation
(d) Transamination
54. The following are metabolic products formed from tyrosine except
(a) Melanin
(b) Dopamine
(c) Epinephrine
(d) Norepinephrine
55. The following are enzymes used in the catabolism of catecholamines except
(a) COMT
(b) Dopamine β-Hydroxylase
(c) Aldehyde dehydrogenase
(d) Mono-amine oxidase
56. The following are causes of Cushing syndrome except
(a) Cushing disease
(b) Use of glucocorticoid e.g. Prednisolone
(c) Small cell carcinoma of Bronchus
(d) Adrenocortical adenoma
(e) none of the above
57. Which of the following is the rate-limiting step in biosynthetic pathway of catecholamines?
(a) Hydroxylation of phenylalanine to tyrosine
(b) Decarboxylation of DOPA
(c) Hydroxylation of tyrosine
(d) Methylation of norepinephrine
58. Dopamine Hydroxylase catalyses
(a) Dopamine to Norepinephrine
(b) DOPA to dopamine
(c) Norepinephrine to Epinephrine
(d) Tyrosine to DOPA
59. The following are correctly matched except
(a) Dopamine/Homovanillic acid
(b) Norepinephrine/Vanillylmandelic Acid
(c) Epinephrine/Vanillylmandelic Acid
(d) Dopamine/Vanillylmandelic Acid
PHYSIOLOGY
1. Human sperm moves at a speed of
A. 3mm/min
B. 8mm/min
C. 10mm/min
D. 5mm/min
E. 1mm/min
2. _______ inhibits ADH secretion
A. Decrease in arterial blood pressure
B. Angiotensin II
C. Vomitting
D. Heat
E. Cold
3. The following hormones are secreted by placenta except;
A. hCG
B. GnRH
C. Progesterone
D. Leptin
E. None of the above
10. The first layer of muscle on the plantar layer of the foot include
A. Flexor digitorum longus
B. Flexor digitorum brevis
C. Quadratus Plantae
D. Interossei
E. Opponens pollicis