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Literature Review

Several theoretical frameworks attempt to explain the phenomenon of street children. The social exclusion theory suggests that street children are excluded from society due to poverty, lack of education, and discrimination. The systems theory argues that breakdowns within social institutions like family, education, and government contribute to more street children. Empirical studies found that poverty, low family income, political instability, war, and rejection from families due to crime or drug use increase the likelihood of children living and working on the streets in Addis Ababa. The high number of street children results from a complex interplay of socioeconomic, political, and institutional factors.

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3 views2 pages

Literature Review

Several theoretical frameworks attempt to explain the phenomenon of street children. The social exclusion theory suggests that street children are excluded from society due to poverty, lack of education, and discrimination. The systems theory argues that breakdowns within social institutions like family, education, and government contribute to more street children. Empirical studies found that poverty, low family income, political instability, war, and rejection from families due to crime or drug use increase the likelihood of children living and working on the streets in Addis Ababa. The high number of street children results from a complex interplay of socioeconomic, political, and institutional factors.

Uploaded by

zelekebelay647
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Theoretical Literature

Several theoretical frameworks have been proposed to explain the phenomenon of street
children. One such framework is the social exclusion theory, which suggests that street children
are excluded from mainstream society due to poverty, lack of education, and social
discrimination (UNICEF, 2006). According to this theory, street children are forced to live and
work on the streets because they have no other options.Another theoretical framework is the
systems theory, which suggests that street children are the result of dysfunction within the
larger social system. This theory suggests that the breakdown of social institutions, such as the
family, education system, and government, contributes to the rise of street children (Ennew &
Plateau, 2004)

Empirical Literature

Several studies have been conducted on the factors that contribute to the high number of
street children in Addis Ababa Arada sub_city. One study conducted in Shashemene, found that
poverty and low income families were the main factors contributing to the rise of street
children(Hassen and Mañusb,2018). The study found that many families in the area were
unable to afford basic necessities such as food, shelter, and education, which forced children to
work on the streets to support their families. Similar research were also identified"Family
poverty is a significant factor or plays a key role in child being enticed or forced to work on and
remain on the streets."(Zerihun Yacob,2018). Another study conducted by Angela and Azeb
Adefrisew (1992) found that political instability and war were also contributing factors to the
rise of street children in the area. The study found that many children were orphaned or
separated from their families due to conflict and violence, which forced them to live and work
on the streets. Also a study found that "child who are rejected by their families due to
delinquent behavior and crime, parents who use drugs, arguments between parents, violence
in the house, and similar socio-cultural causes might cause child to end up on the
streets."(Zerihun Yacob,2018).Socio-cultural factors can play a significant role in the
development of deviant behavior in children. When children are rejected by their families
because of delinquent behavior or crime, they may feel ostracized and become more likely to
engage in further deviant behavior. Similarly, parents' drug addiction can leave children without
adequate supervision or support, increasing their vulnerability to negative influences.
Disagreement between parents can also create an unstable home environment, which may lead
children to seek refuge outside the home.

In conclusion, the high number of street children in Addis Ababa Arada sub_city is a complex
issue that is influenced by a variety of factors. Theoretical frameworks such as social exclusion
and systems theory can help to explain the phenomenon of street children, while empirical
studies have identified specific factors such as poverty, political instability, and institutional
factors that contribute to the rise of street children. It is important for policymakers and
stakeholders to address these factors in order to reduce the number of street children in the
area and improve the lives of vulnerable children.

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