KENWOOD W-DEPTH MANUAL—_—_—— —— 4. Features & Functions. “, Dual-frequency recelve (@) Technically sophisticated ual-frequency recaive on the same band (2) CW crystal filter inthe sub-receiver section (3) M/S key (4) FINE switch (5) Separate & semirseparate modes {6) VFO/N channel switch with B function Keys (7) Simplex operation (@) Split-requency operation (a) TE-SET () TEWATOH (c) AF display 22. Memory functions ¢f) 100 memory channels (2) Electronic memo pac: S5-channel Ouick Memory 3. Message Keyer and remote function Keypad (1) Message Keyer (2) Remate function keypad (3) DRU-2 digital recording unit (option) 4 Intertaoe for compuier contro 5. improvements to operating ease (i) Desicated switches, keys. and contro’ (man) (2) Meru system (3) Power-on menus (4) List of meny functions {5) List of power-on men functions: 2. DSP + Sampling 2. PSN-S$B modulation per~ formed by DSP 3. PSN-SSB digital detection performed by the DSP 4, CW modulation performed by ‘he DSP 5, CW digital detection per formed by the DSP 6. FSK modulation performed by the DSP 7.FSK digital detection per- formed by the DSP 8, AM modulation performed by the DSP 9, The future of DSP-based digital processing 40, Digital iter selection via the menu system 3. Reception “LF section (RE ATT (RF attenuator) (2) HPF (high-pass fiter) (G) RF aPFs (oand-pass fiers) (4) RF AGG (5) BE amples (highetre- quency amp) 2. Main receiver section (Mixer (2) ‘st F amp and onwards {3) Noise blanker (4) 2nd i filter * (6) 3c fiter () Noten fitter circuit (7) DSP-PSN detection circult (8) AN 2nd FM detection é circuit 3, Sub receiver section (1) Mixer (2) Sub receiver F iter (3) iF, AGC & detection circuits 4, AF amplifier (low-frequency amp) (1) AF-VBT circuits (2) Main and sub mix circuit 6, Interference reduction mea sures (7) fitter selection {a} B83MtHe orystalfiters {o) 455k crystal filters {c) Sub RX crystal filters (2) $88 slope tuning (3) IF VET (4) IF notch filter (5) DSP audio fier 8) AF VBT (in CW mode) (7) Pitch contol (8) CW raverse mode 2A 4, Transmission .... vos BR “LFET final section 2 Final amplifier 5. Other Features «......- 4, Automatic antenna tuner (1) Auto mode (2) Preset mode (3) Manual mode —<———— CoOeNeTeEoNeTes — 2. Large fluorescent display (1) Digital bar meter (Q)IF filter display (3) Freauency display (4) Memory channel & RIT display (@ Analog scale {(G) MH/VEO CH display (7) Display colors (8) Dimmer 3, Construction of the TS-950SDX (1 Front panel (2) Display (3) VFOs (4) Controls: (6) internal construction (6) FET final section & cooing 4, DDS and tHz-step tuning 5. General coverage receiver (t00K+z-30MH2) 6, Options + S230 & 2. MC-90 DSP-compatibie desktop microphone . 7. Appendix . 1 ACC2 Ter 2. Remote Function Keypad 3. ATTY (Radio Teletype) & ANITOR (Amateur Micrapro- cessor Teieprinter Over Radio) 4,Packet Communications (AFSK) 5, Computer Contral 6, Connection to an External Reference Oscillator 7. Simultaneous Use of internal & External Keyer 8. Split-Frequency Transfer Function 9, Options ‘0 Specifications TS-950SDX Specifications SM-230— ‘The TS-950SDX ranks foremost among HF trans- ceivers. Derived from the TS-950SD, the first ‘Amateur Radio transceiver offering a built-in DSP (digital signal processor) and dualfrequency re- ceive on the same band, it advances HF perfor- mance a step ahead. The refined design. adds DSP- based digital detection capability and an FET final section, plus completely new RX and TX features. Furthermore, as regards performance and oper- ability, it exhibits @ quantum leap improvement with such features as the M/S function and TF- WATCH function, designed to make maximum use of the sub receiver with its separate crystal filter for CW operation. It also features a menu system to adjust the DSP digital filters’ cutoff frequencies, evenwhileinuse, Amessage keyer is incorporated, and with a remote function keypad for convenient keyer operation, the TS-950SDX is rhaps the most powerful HF rig ever available for contests and DX-peditions. HF TRANSCEIVER TS-950SDx. Designed especially for DX-peditions, DXing, and contests, the TS-950SDX exploits the latest ad- vances in electronics and microprocessor engi neering, fields in which progress has become increasingly rapid over the last few years. It incorporates such new technology as an FET final PF power section and DSP, providing levels of performance and functionality never beforeseen in an Amateur Radio transceiver. This In-Depth Manual provides detailed explana~ tions of the various aspects of the TS-950SDx, Jocusingon the latest features and functions. There are six main sections: Features & Functions, DSP, Reception, Transmission, Other Features, and Op- tions. Bogie1. Dualfrequency receive DX-peditions provide a grueling test of man and machine: split-second decision can make the difference between ‘success or faliure, To give youthe edge, Kenwood engineers hhave paid careful attention to feedback from the users of previous models when developing the new TS-950SDX. Bath performance and operating ease of the sub-recelver have been upgraded by adding a orystal fitter for CW ‘operation, and itis now possible to change the sub-recelve ‘frequency using the main tuning knob. Consequerty, simui- taneous dual-frequency recelve on the same band is easier ‘and more efficient forthe operator. Furthermore, keeping in ‘mind the reality of DX operations, a menu system fas been ‘added to allow setting and changing OSP digital filter ‘characteristics on the fly. Supplied as standard equipment areamessage Keyer and remote function keypad, which are extremely useful for DXing and contesting, Enjoy the seit Confidence of knowing that you have at your fingertips the features and funotions of a truly first-class HF transceiver. (1) Technically sophisticated dual-trequency recelve on ‘he same band In order to achiave success in contests, DXing and OX- peditions—In which numerous veteran DX stations jostle for position~the ablity to receive two frequencies simulta- recusly is an indispensable advantage. Infact, insome form this capability has recently become a commonplace feature ‘on top-rank HF transoelvers. kKenwood's TS-9508 and SD HF transceivers provided the ability to receive two frequencies simultaneously on the ‘same band, But this has been further refined for the new TS~ 950S0X, with improvements made especially to the fea- {ures and functions of the sub receiver. As a result, nt only performance but also operating ease ls enhanced. (2) CW crystal filter inthe sub-raceiver section Inthe sub-receiver section ofthe previous TS-960S and SO, ‘nhen operating in CW mode the narrow banawidth required Yor proper reception was provided by the AF-VBT audio ‘itering, Tat is wihy, when compared to the mal receiver ‘with ts crystai iter, operational versatility in the CW mode ‘was somewat hampered andGW OX ers voiceda desire for improvement. 5 Now nthe TS-Q50SDX, a 500H2 CW crystal fiterhas been. provided for the sub receiver, ensuring almost Identical performance from both main and sub receivars inthe CW oda. It fs thus possible to enjoy smooth dual-frequency receive without giving much thought to whether you are ising the main, or the sub recever. _ 1, Features & Functions : “= Winning techniques —- (@) M/S key “he TS-Q508DX features a new M/S (main/sub) select key function that enables you to change the sub-receiver fraquency using the main tuning encoder, ‘When operating split frequancias for DXing, itis usual to receive the signal trom the DX station on the main band. nce found, there is then little nzed to operate the encoder for the main receiver. Instead, by changing the frequenay of the sub receiver you can check on competing stations Crowding around the DX station, affording increased oppor- ‘nities to change your calling frequency to the most favorable spot. Thus, arellable encoder for the sub recaiver becomes very important. On the TS-9508 and SD, the sub-receiver frequency was controlled by a dedicated encoder, reserved for that pur pose. The performance of this encoder did not compare favorably with thet of the functionally superior main encoder, and as a resuit there may have been those ‘occasions when the frequency could not be adjusted as quickly or as easily as with the main tuning. Fhe solution to ths isthe M/S select key. By pressing the \u/Skey, you can switch themain encoder between the main and the sub receiver inresponse to chnging situations. This, ‘ensures complete flexiifty when selecting frequencies, inrespective of whether the main or sub receiver is being used. Another advantage is that, ifthe M/S key is used to switch the main encoder to the sub receiver, the frequency of the main recelver is locked, so there isn fear of losingaDXstalion’s signal once captured. Of course, the TS-950SDX is also equipped with a separate encoder for the sub receiver, 28 on the previous rode, ‘should this be needed in combination with the main encoder. (4) FINE switch ‘The $-950SDX featuras the sameuitra-fine tuning that has proven so popular on the TS-B50S, This makes best use of {he characteristics of the Direct Digital Synthesizer (ODS), Normally one rotation of the main encoder is equivalent 10 approximately 10kHz. However, with the FINE switch en- gaged, this drops to just kHz per rotation. Withastep of Hz, ings omen ne i 8} 8A tan psa eek Sesartaetewasrey epee‘his offers you the facility to tune with the highest achiev- able precision. ‘The FINE switch is ideal for controling the frequency accurately in SSB and CW modes, It can also be used fogetfer with the M/S select key, thus allowing precision control of the sub-reoeiver frequency. (6) Separate & semi-separate modes “Thanks to independent audio output circuits for themainand sub receivers, the TS-Q50SDX can provide separate and simuttanaous audio outputs. ifthe menu system is used to select separate mode during simultaneous dual-frequency receive, the main signalcanbe heard on an external speaker while the sub reosiver is monitored on the built-in speaker. When using stereo headphones, the signals ae divided between left (sub) and right (main); this is separate moce. ‘An altemative is semi-separate mode. This way, it is possible to listen to the mah signal mixed with @ back: {round sub signal (20d8 lower), and the sub signal mixed ‘with a background main signal (20¢B lower). By mixing signals in this way, the stereo effect allows you to easily identity each receiver by natural sound {6} VFO/M channel switching with 6 function keys faanuseting | Mode | Internal speaker | External speaker oF Wines | Mam sup | Man sub 7 | Semrseparate [ subtemem) | tain (+ sub) z Sepa | Sb Nan Split-frequency operation has become commonplace for xing. To provide optimum versatility and convenience for split- ‘requency operation, the 1S-950SOX features a bank of six keys for switchingbetween VFOs (AancB) andthe memory chennels, for either RX (receive) or TX (transmit). When pressed, a green LED backlights the active keys. Base of ‘operation is enhanced, since the current selection can be seen at a glance in addition to these six convenient function keys, the ‘TS-Q50SDX offers such features as TF-SET, TF-WATCH ‘and the AF display. These enable split-frequency operation ‘which makes full use of the TS-950SDX's zbilty to receive ‘wo frequencies simultaneously. Thus, as the operator, you can employ sophisticated techniques such as tracking the ‘other stations that have been pioked up, while you simulta- neously receive the DX-pecitions signalso as to ensure the perfect choice of frequency and timing (1) Simplex operation {ss withthe previous model, the TS-950SDX is designed so that if the VEO used for RX is operated or if the MR Key is pressed, the TX VFO automatically follows suit, putting the transceiver into simplex mode. Under normal operating Conditions this made's convenient; however, with apower- fon menu itis possible to disengage RX and TX operations so that one does not affect the other. ‘TS-9508DK Display (8) Split-trequency ‘operation Three modes-VFO A, VFO B and MR—can be chosen independently for RX and TX, so various split-trequenoy ‘operations are possible with the TS-S50SDX. FF-SET, TF-WATCH and the AF feature further enhance split-frequency operation. (a) TF-SET “This feature enables you to temporarily receive on your ‘own transmit frequency during split-frequency operation, It is only available while the TF-SET key is being depressed. and you can be sure that it has no affect on the actual split-frequency settings. A TF-SET key is also provided on the remote function | keypad supplied with the Fs.e50SDx. so you can easily check the TX frequency ‘whenever you wish, Note that while the TF-SET button is ‘eorassed the transmit frequency can be changes with ‘the main encoder. (b) TF-WATCH ‘This sets the TS-950SD%'s transmit frequency to the sub-receiver frequency during split-frequency ‘operation. Allthat is required is to press the TF-W key. This means ‘that once the pickup frequency of a DX station is Gelermined youare inaposition to immediately call. And, ifthe M/S select key is used to switch the main encoder to sub-receiver use, precise tuning is instantly available, ‘thus making full use of the TF-WATCH feature. Since the main-teceiver frequency. is looked, you won't have to ‘think about losing the OX station's ‘transmitted signal. + (¢) aF display ‘The AF feature, wiich has proven very popular on the 75-4508, can be selected using the menu system. This, rectly displays the difference (AF) between RX and TX frequencies. instead of the sub-receiver frequency. ‘The TS-950SDX automatically makes calculations that the operator previously had to perform in his head. So, cee oeeven if a DX station suddenly announces @ change in frequency, you can respond quickly and accurately. tn a détion to enabling uick OSY, this feature—once mas- tered-makes it relatively easy to recognize the habits of another operator. One simply notes those stations that have been picked up, and.uses the AF display to check ‘the exact frequency separation from the DX station. 2, Memory functions (1) 100 memory channels More andmore operators are making sklfuluse of memory functions or DX applications and contests. For example, the ‘and VFOs can be used instead of 2 memory channels for each band. FO A is dedicated to $S3 use and VFO B to CW tse Another development 1s the abundance of good DX sormation now avaiable na variety of mecia, Since fresh information can De readily obtained. an operator often knows beforenend hox? a DX-pecition is organized, what communications equipment is involved, and which frequen cies are likely to be used. AS @ result, there are fewer frequencies that need to be watched, and the operator can prepare by storing the expected frequencies inmemory. The “GO memory channe's providedin ihe TS-950SDX are more than sufficient for this purpose. Recertly, however. it is not just the number of memory ‘channels that determines the usefuiness of a high-pertor- ‘ance HF rig. For instance, operators are now also inter~ asted in ho! easy itis to recall data stored in memory, oF ow convenient itis to transter that data to a VFO. Simply by oressing the N.CH key, you can instantly recall dete from memory for both the receiver and transmitter. ‘And sinee tna memory channel selector “clicks” for confr- mation, changing channels is accomplished very smoothly fand quickl,, Aiso. the data recalled {com memory can be immediate transferred to @ VFO with the Mo» VEO Key. ‘With 100 memory chennes at you disposal, youcan afford so use some of them for tasting conditions on each band. ‘The frequencies of selected short-wave broadcasting sta- tions can be stored in memory to Serve as beacons for this, purpose. (2) Electronic memo pad: S-chennel Quick Memory While some DX'ers pridethamselves on makingthebestuse ‘of memary, there ae others who find the very process of femtering data into memory too complex to bother with The perfect soltion for such operators is the Quick Memary ‘eature which as proven so popular onthe TS-850S. Onthe TS-950SDX, 5 channels are reserved for this purpose. Operations simplicity ise. Once an interesting DX station is eiscovered, you ust press the QUICK MEMO NIN key to stack that frequency in memory. Recall is equally conve- rienk pressing the GUICK MEMO MR key recalls the most recently stored data, Frequencies stored prior to that canbe ‘aooesseg, in order, by tuting the memory salector—just as ifone were pagingthrough a memo pad. This Quick Memory feature plays a major role in making the TS-850SDX as ‘user-friendly as itis powertl 3.Message keyer and remote function keypad ‘The TS-950SDX is supplied with a message keyer and @ remote function keypad. Itis also ‘compatible with the DRU- 2 cgital recording unit, which is avaliable ascan, option hese are particularly useful for sophisticated CWW’and SSB operations, and once an ‘operator has used them for DX- peditions or DX contests, he may well find them inlspens- able (1) Message keyer ‘Theelectronickeyer circuit which features dynartic dot and dash memories, includes a weighting control to correct the ddot/dash balance and thus automatically compensate for changes in keying speed. This ensures a, clean, natural sounding signal. Three memory channels are provided for Storing messages. With the message keyer, you can trans nit error-free messages repeatedly, making it extremely Convenient for both regular COs, schedules, or DX contests that lend themselves to a fixed message for transmission. find of course the weighting ratio can be tailored via the menu system. Also, by incorporating the ORU-2 digital recording unit, continuous recording of the received signal is possible (2) Remote function keypad ‘The supplied remote function keypad is equally handy for Xing and contests since provices youwith the same sort of convenience that a mouse offers the computer user: oné- hand cortrol over important functions. Specifically, it can control message keer recording and playback, andthe TF- SET feature. Opening the keypad cover provides access to Guick Memory input and recal, and also voice functions. It you choose to control the keyer via this remote function eypad, you can transmit messages without physically {ouching the CW keyar, This can really reduce operator‘aligue during contests, which demand the same message be transmitted over and over again. (@) DRU-2 digital recording unit (option) Equipping the TS-950SDX with the DRU-2 unit makes possible the recording and playback of SSB messages transmitted by the operator, and also the recording and playback of signals receivedinbotn the CW and SSBmodes. 4, Interface for computer control While it is true that cornputer control ofthe transceiver is by no means essential for: DX operators, recently a great eal of softwere for Amateur Radio applications has beau to appear. No longer can one say that computers have 19 part to play inthe hobbyist’s word of HF communications. Infact, thas even became common for operators to make use of computers for contests. Ths is because frequency and mode data can be ingut to the transcelver from @ ‘computer vie an interface, and softwere can then automat cally run cuplicate checks or print out contact lists. With these kinds of duties delegated to the computer, the ‘operators free to concentrate on operating. One might even ‘say that in arder to achieve top scores in DX contests, ‘today's operators must learn to make good use of comaut- a. ‘And computers can help with more than contests. For example, they are invaluable for managing @ log oF distrib uting OSL cards. Sore old timers may say that they are computer-phobis oust uninterested in computers, but they rmay well change their minds once they neve seen what cen bee done nowadays. ‘The TS-9508DX is compatible with the IF-2326 interface for RS-232C use, so many computer control configurations are possible 5. Improvements to operating ease in terms of hardware, the TS-950SDX represents the most advances Amateur Racio transceiver in the world. But tO realize its full potential advances software is also needed. Here too the TS-950S0X shines. Every detail of the panel layout, sisplays and controls has, been meticulously planned to make the superior features ot the TS-Q508DX easy to acess. What’s more, each indi- vidual operator is able to configures transceiver to taste, First inorganiaing he pane! layout t was decided to provide ‘spacial switches, keys and controls for those features end functions that are used most frequently or that require instant selection or cancellation . And for those functions ‘hat might be needed on-the-fly, pane-mounted controls offer real-time access via the’ versatile menu system. Finally, there are some settings that an operator may choose to implement semi-permanent. so these cen now be set automatically using a power-on menu (they became the defaut settings everytime power is switched on). Alin. al ‘usertriendy'isconcept that has receives top priority Curing field research, planing and design. (1) Dedicated switches, Keys, and controls (main) [AIP] switch Engages AlP(AdvancedIntercept Point) AIP switch FINE] switch Sets frequency stop to Hz, so one rotation at te encoder represents approximately tt, QUICK MEMO Instantly stores operating status in Quick NIN |key Memory. QUICK MEMO Instantly recalls data stored in Quick [mn Tkey Memory. Data from each of the channe's ae ‘oan be recalled sequentially by turning the MCH/VFO CH control Ea] key Selects the 8.83MHz crystal filter. key TESET]key Enables reception (while the key is de- pressed) on the TX frequency during split- ‘frequency operation. Selects the 455Kt%z crystal filter. [MENU] key Activates or deactivates the menu system, (A=B|key — Equalizes the frequency of the VFO A to ‘that of VFO 8. f this key is depressed during power-on, all user selectable functions are reset to initial factory settings. Press this key during simultaneous dual- Koy frequency receive to exchange the main- and sub-receiver frequencies. Also, press this key ‘while the CLRkey is depressed to transfer the rmalin-receiver frequency to the sub receiver, ‘making them identical. TF-W|key Activates or deactivates the TF-WATCH function. SUB | key Tums the sub receiver on or off. [M/S | key Determines whether the main encoder con- trols the main or the sub receiver. MIN] key ‘Stores data in a memiory channel. [M>VFO key Transfers the content of amemory channel to the VFO. SCAN |key Initiates scan operation, IN.CHIVFO CH Curing memory channel operation, selects ‘control the desired channel. During VFO operation, pase ionschanges the frequency in 10 kHz steps. 00 “P Hold” Clicks" for confirmation FI UFOBUR) Serves as a tuning control for the TX OTT frequency during spli-trequency opera: tion, and for the sub-receiver frequency dhrng simultaneous dua-requency receive. [AGC switch Sets the AGC (automatic gain control) to ‘one of five possible positions: OFF, AUTO, FAST, MID, or SLOW. If set to AUTO, the control speed is automatically set for the selected mode. Settings are determined by a power-on menu (item #59), REY SPEED} Continuously varies the speed of the elea- ‘control tronic keyer. {2} Menu system As a tule. every time a new transceiver appears on the market, the number of features and functions increases, No ‘doubt there are some operators who do not welcome this trend since they feel they already ave enough features. More knobs would lead to greater confusion, And yet ‘Amateurs contiwe to make suggestions for new useful features that they would like to see. The manufacturer, for his part, would naturally like to develop new, products equipped with every conceivable feature, But clearly @ balance must be found hn crevious Kenwood's HF transceivers this problem wes resolved by incorporating power-on function settings, al~ Towing the operator to select his desired defaults, Untortu- nately, there was a limit tothe number of keys available for this purpose, ad tis in tur limited the rurtber of possible seitings. Another cisadvantage was that in order to change 2 setting the power had to be switched off and back on. Mic (050 changes were out of the question “The solution nas been found inthe TS-950SDX's versatile menu system. Even during communications, you can press the MENJ key and activate or deactivate Several major functions. While the menu system is active, te display panel is used to indicate the various selections, so even ‘without the instruction manwal an operator can easily ‘choose the proper setting An extremely handy feature ofthis manu system is that the ‘operator can seiect a desired fiter cutoff requency—using the DSP's digital fiters-wiile monitoring actual TX and AX audio ality Bejoware the menuttems and applications that help tobring cut te ful potential of the TS-S50SDX. a 02 “Pitch” “Bright” 03 “Delta f" 04 “Convert” 05 06" “Cross” stereo” ‘Switches the meter's peak hold function on or off Displays the CW pitch frequency. On the TS-950S0X itis possible to change pitch frequency from 400H2 to 1000Hz in 20 Hz steps using the pitch control. Many opera~ ‘ors seem to give little thought to the CW. pitch frequency thay are listening to: for example, someone may think he is hearing 800z wien in actuality it is 500 Hz. That is why itis @ good idea to use this menuto check on pitch frequency at least once, ‘Adjusts the display dimmer level between 30 and 70. On this scale a value ot “00: represents the intensity of the display when the dimmer is switched off Displays the difference (AF) between the TX frequency and the RX frequency. Previ- ously, when 2 DX station stipulated sepa- rate frequencies, you had to rely on mentai calculations to set your own TX frequency in relation to the frequency of thé other station's signal. As a TS-2508DX operator, however, you can check visually on the separation between your own TX frequency and that of the DX station during spit- ‘requency operation Switahes the frequency display to the trensverter outout frequency when using the TS-Q50SDX as a transverter master ‘unit. The operator has a choice of 3 ire- quencies: SOMM2, 744MHz and 430 Miz for instance, ifthe input and output tre- quency of a SOMH2 transverter is 28 Miz, ‘with 0.000 Miz converted to 28.000MHz, the TS-Q50SDX's frequency would be set to 28000MiH2 and SOMHZ would be se- lected fromm the men4. Note that itis only the frequency cisplay that changes, not the actual TX or PX frequencies of the TS- 950S0X Engbles setting the sub-receiver mode in- dependently of the main-receiver mode. ‘The default is OFF. so main and sub modes are identical Sets maia- and sub-recelver auclo output tomixed, semi-separate, or separate made in separate mode, the main AF output cen07 "Spot" 08 “AL Auto” 09 “Transtr” i 44 °T inh” tie heard on an external speaker while the sub-receiver output is monitored on the built-in speaker. Using headphones, the signals are divided between lft and right. If semi-separate mode is selected, each signal is mixed with the other, the second- ary signal ata lovel 20 o8 lower than the primary signal for that audio channel. This Tesuits in audio separation that is easy to listen to. Switches the built-in marker oscilator on andoft. sedforconfirmingorrecaliorating the transcaive’s frequency base against ‘he reterence time stations WWV or WY. Since the TS-950S0X features a TCXO with an accuracy of 40.5 ppm, this should typically be needed only for confirmation, not adjustment Selects automatic or manual control of the built-in antenna tuner. Automatic 's the normal choice, but manual tuning Is pos- sible by using the main tuning control and the TX VFO/SUB tuning control to adjust the two variable capaattors in the antenna tuner. This is the suggested method if ‘automatic tunings not successful, ori the ‘operator just wants to do it himselt Allows transfer of all operational data (frequencies, etc.) between two TS- ‘950SDXs or between a TS-950SDX and a ‘TS-890S linked with a close cable (avail- able at Kenwood authorized service cen- ters). Transfers are initiated by pressing the QUICK MEMO ALIN key on the sending side, Determines whether the frequency data received by the transceiver (with menu #09 ON), is written directly to the VFO or ig stored in Quick Memory. Wher using the split-frecuency trenster ‘unetion (menu #08 ON), his inhibits trans- mit on the master transceiver to, avoid overloacing the receiver, which would cause unwanted acoustic feedback. If this fune- tion is ON and the receiver's standby minal Is controlled by a relay, itselt controlledby the transmitter, transmit will be inhibited and the transceiver willbe in mute mode. However, since only IF and AF circuits are muted, other steps—such as disconnecting the ANT terminal-shovldbe taken to ensure against high-power re- ceiver front-end overload. 42 Paddle” Activates or deactivates the TS-@50SDX's buill-in electronig keyer. 13 “Auto” Activates or deactivates the automatic ‘weighting control forthe electronic keyer.. \When enabled, the dot/dash ratio is auto- matically adjusted—between 128, 13 and +432—depending on keying speed. 14 “Auto Rev" “Available when automatic weighting con- trols ON, auto reverse will swap the 12.8 and 132 dot/dash ratios. 45 "Ratio” This enables the operator to manually set ‘the dot/dash ratio for thebuilt-in electronic keyer in a range of from 42.5 to +4. 46"Bug” This allows bug-type operation from the ‘lectronic keyer. 17*Play.int” Enables paddle interruption during mes~ sage keyer playback. 48 “Dsp.c.fil” Activates or deactivates the DSP's comb filter for SSB reception. This como filter has two notches—one at the carrier point and another in the vitrity of 16k2—~so as wall as serving a @ low-cut filter it reduces noise in the 18KtHz region, thus offering potential improvements in the S/N (signatto-noise) ratio. With conventional analog notch filters, there are sudden phase changes close to the notch and if the notch enters the pass band of the recelved signal the later will usually sound pcullar. Onthe TS-950SDX, however, since the comb filter is com: prised of DSP cigital fitters with uniform (group delay characteristics, thers is virtu- ally no chance of audio quality being dis- torted or sounding unusual. 19 “Dsp.r.Lpi” Selects the cutoff frequency af the DSP's ‘AF #1PF and BF #BPF for reception There ate 5 LPFs to choose from, ranging from 00H to Gxt, and3BPFSs for FSK use with a 22ktz central frequency. 20 “Dsp.t.Hpt” Sets the cutott frequency of the HPF used during SSB transmit. There are 5 low-cut satas: OFF, 100Hz, 200H2, 300Hz, and 00H +I24-+DspctiLpt Sets the cutott frequency of the LPF used ability to tailor the transceiver to your own needs ard Ghring £53 transmit. There ae 4 nig-out preferences, ‘they enhance the practicality and user-friendly Settrips: 2600H2, 2750H2, 2900H2, and nature cf Your TS-950SDX. s1g00HZ. averse Sects the se and decay tine of CMY we fom Ta signal processing performed by the DSP, Tis possible to ; produce anieal CW wave frm, devotd of (2 it of mem Set clicks. The operator can choose from 4 ‘© Built-in eloctronic Keyer settings cogs: 2 meen, 4 msec, 6 msec. até 8 [ena] Funetion Taal sasee, To get through pileuns,2CW signal | No. with a2.msec.rise time may well prove to 5 ea ecoeeetle At the other ond, | sels weit) teyet | OFF however, a decay time of & msec. takes SO wil be used (ON) or nt (OF ‘much time that full break-incannotbe used. [activates or deactivates automatic ON ‘weighting control fr the electronic za-Rect” I the optional DRU-2 digital recording unit keyer [if menu #2 is ON}, js installed, the recording times of the 3 74 [activates or deactivates reverse ‘mode OFF auelo memories can be set to eitner 8 Sec. for the automatic weighting control ff sec, and 16sec. or 18 sec, 18 se0,,and $2 menus #12 and #3 are ON) sec, and Saar reson “ines, ine {7 [gets the manval weighting vale for | $0 sampling frequency ishighar, so that audio the electronic kever (if menu #12 Is ON ‘quality on playback is better. pnd #3 1s OFF, aaconree?Aetivaes tne 3ré audio memory of te B {selects whether te electronie keyer |. OFF willbe used as a“bug” (ON) or nok DRU-2 unit for continuous recording of the recelvedsignal Tis fs an advantage whan, {OFF f manu #726 ON for example, the operator misses a call 7 [sclecis wheter paddle ut ding OF sole enter Ta hare a message keyer playback is possible (ON) cor nat (OFF) it mew #2 is ON} 25-ton rec.t Selects a time frame of @ seconds or 16 Seconds for continuous recording of the received signal (menu #24). The B se0. Setting provides better sound qualty on @ DSP settings @ psPsettings playback enw | Function Default No. ae nepeat” Activates repeated transmission of CW or peat” Actas me witha setinarval Tiss | 1 |aciNvales Geacinates the DSPs ow" | OFF extremely useul for contests fat coma iters for SSB reception. —_| ET ts the eatft frequency for the DSP's | 26002 zimep ” Sets the repeat playback interval (see Gigital ters (LPF andBPF) for reception. tren #26) to 2 valve between O and 60 BB toBPFS wih central frequency of seconds. 2200 Ha) are for FSK use A sets the cutot frequency of the DSP's | 20H aatty.rev" Reverses TX and AX polarity for ATTY Spaiog HPF (high-pass fier) for trans- Communications. Using the iia! setting. 2 {mission oy closure transmits a mark ad the BrO a seis the culot mequency of the DSP's |2750Hz ‘gs on LSB. in reverse mods, transmit Is LPF (low-pass filter) for transrrission. reverse shift, and the receive BFO is on USB PE ‘selects the rise and decay time of CW |4msoc, wave forms generated by the DSP for ()Power-on menus fransmission. Forthase functions of the TS-S50SDX that needbe set only ‘once and thereafter hardly ever modified, 2 series of power Samenus are provided. These is accessed by turning onthe power while depressing the MENU key. By allowing you the —10—© Audio recording settings © Other settings ‘Menu [Function ‘Default ‘Menu | Function Default No. | No. 23 [switches the 8 audio memories~ REC-| 8-16 ‘00 | switches the meter peak hold function ) OFF +) REC-2 and REC-3—between 8seC. & ON or OFF. ‘6sec. mode (Bsec, 8sec. and Tésec:) and t6sec. & 32sec, mode (lésec., “sec, and 32800), With the 16-32sec. rode, sound quality decreases since the sampling frequency Is half that for ine 8-16sec, mode 01 [displays the CW pitch frequency. To} — act te fequncs, use the pitch con- trol 2 | adusts thecisplay'scimmerlevel(bright-| 50 ness) between 30 and 70. 2a | selects whether the 3rd audio memory} OFF | (REC-3) will be used for continyous| | recording (ON) or not (OFF). Whenswiter| ing off power to the TS-950SDX, make} ‘sure that this function is OFF, since) Tecorded messages might be erased 03 |switches the AF display for the suo] ON receiver ON and OFF. 04 |Switches the SOMH2/t44MHz/430MHz | OFF 25 _| gets the time frame of REC-3 continu- ‘ous recording to either 8sec. or 16sec. {if menu #24 is ON sec. 26_| sets repeat playback to ON or OFF. | _OFF 27 | sets the repeat playback inierval to ‘10sec. [between 0 and 60 sec. Ukr @ Transter settings: (These raquire that the TS-850SDX be connected to ‘nother transceiver that supports transfer functions.) Menu [Function [Detautt No. | | 09 [activates and deactivates the split-re-) OFF quency transfer function. 70 [selects whether data will be written) OFF directly to the VFO of the other trans~ [ceiver (ON) or not (OFF). 41 _ [selects whether to inhibit transmit on the OFF |mastertrensceiver (ON) or not (OFF). ‘Warning: Selecting ON for menu #11 only mutes the IF and AF circuits, Since the RF circuits are stil operating, they can suffer damage ifthe ANT terminalis subjected £0 high power in mute mode. Therefore pleaseensure that the muted transceiver is not directly subjected to high power at these times converter Gisplay ON or OFF. 06 isthe mainreziver rode wth the | OFF |sbercewer rode (ON) or makes them independent (OFF) TB [selects mixed, seri-separate, or sepa-| OFF rate mace. OFF = mixed mods: both main- and sub- receiver aucio output can beheardonthe intemal and external speakers. ‘= semi-separate mode: main and si signals are mixed so that the main band jaudio is emphasized on the external | speaker, while the sub band audio Is emphasized on the internal ‘speaker. 2 = separate mode: the sub-receiver | ‘slonal is heard exclusively on the inter- nai speaker, while the main-receiver sig- nal is output entirely via the external speaker. 07 _[switohes the bull-in SOOkHz marker ON| OFF or OFF. When this is activated, marker signals can be detected at S00H2 inter- vals. (08 | selects automatic (ON) or manual (OFF}| ON ‘control of the antenna tuner. (5)List of power-on menu functions ‘@ Beep settings ‘Menu | Function No. Default 30 [enitehes the electronic beep—wiicn| ON ‘confirms operation of any switch or ey0n or off (volume can be adjusted ising an internal potentiometer), 51 | selects ether Morse (ON) or beep (OFF) | ON | mode announcements [if menu #50 is ON). na@ Momory settings |__| tion ON or OFF. 75 sets te full-scale deflection of the ana~ ! 100% log scale to 1000kH2 oF 10OKtHz i ‘© Frequency display settings Wen Function No. | selects te enuency step szetorthemain | OkH unig kno Sz reper ovat | Note that this i overidden when the FINE) | syitchis ON. or when operating in SSB, OW | | rFSK modes InFiimodethe choke 25 | [Default i Wiz oF SOK. GP | sleos eer Morse error messages | OM Ga [adjusts the Frequency step size tor the | Oke (oa waning bx OF) {if mena NiCH/VEO CH controin "kHz increments #50 is ON} ‘within a range of 1 KHz to 10x Morse err messages BE | when operating in the AM mode (Broad Ski “The following warnings canbe issued in ast band ony), this selects a frequency Morse code: step size f ether 1OkHz or 9 kHz for the | CHECK — the scan key has been pressed MICH/VFO CH control. ‘when memory scanning is nat possible. — Ove te requrey ent using the 66 a ae ears wah 2 ™ keypad is outside ie operational range i | ofthe transceiver. range of kHztoTOktiz, 500 kHz or 1M. e rotentins_ Memory settings Menu Function Default Le Function Default No._| : ES [owitches FOK reverse mode on and off.| OFF 60 ng ee eg ts se | OF a_rseleats whether a space (ON) or amark | OFF beused fortemporary frequency adjust- | (OF is transite when the FSK keys ment (ON) not (OFF). Jelosad Ge select wheter te MAN key wil ate, | OFF 55 selects the shitt range in FSK mode | 1OHZ matically increase the memory channel (s7OH2, 200Hz, ¢25H2, 85042). purer (ON) or not (OFF). GH selesis eter high (25H) or fw |225H2] - |72_[suohes program sean hold ON and | OFF (1275H2) receive tone pairs inFSK mode. OFF. @ RIT/XIT settings © £1 sub-tone settings © RI Se ‘Menu | Function [Default ‘Menu Function Detauit No. | | = G7 | selects whether the RIT/XIT frequency) OFF | 57 _ sets the repeater 885Hz | will be displayed (OFF) or not (ON) wher ‘select ether bust(b] orcontiuous(c) | C the RIT/AT suit is of _~ ‘mode for the repeater access tone. 68 ‘selects whether the CLEARkey will copy OFF |ir/xi frequency change data tothe | @ Frequency display settings main display (ON) or not (OFF). 1 ‘Wenu | Funetion Default ther settings No. I tat] as ‘Menu | Function Default Ty” eultchas Ore remuency solayresou-| ON ae eee 9 |sels the AGO speed inthe AUTO post |1for $83] fon (1= SLOW, 2 = MID, 3 =FAST), 13 for CW) This is sot independently for SSB, CW |3 for FSK| and FSK modes. |inthafs&imodetistokadat FAST, and when *..” is displayed this function is) rot available. | ‘1 selects what data is stored in band memory: HALF (frequency only, ALL (2) frequeney, mode, iter or OFF. @S | activates or deactivates chattering | ON Suppression forthe electronickeye [it ALL menu #12 is ON}” 70 | selects whether eFULL/SEMIswitch | OFF ig locked to SEMI (ON) or not (OFF) during CW message playback. 7i_| ewitches SSB auto mode ON and OFF. |_OW 73 | selects whether the iit selection will T on | be determined by the operating mode | (ON) oF not (OFF). 76 | switohes the TX frequency main/sud | OFF evap ON and OFF during split-tre- quency operation (the main receiver frequency aisplay and the TX trex ‘quenoy display are exchanged). J 77 | switohes the sub-marker ON or OFF | OFF | wen using optional SM-230 with el | j ther, 2 100 kHz or a 250kHz span. (IF ON, | | the Siv-290's marke may eit Be eee ee eee 2. DSP Digital processing complete with digital detection— Le ‘The DSP-10 was the worlds frst digital signalprocessor for Amateur Radio transceivers that successfully employed iit technology for SSB, CW and FSK modulation, This ‘as followed by the DSP-100, which represented significant progressin the cigtal detection of signals Andnow, the DSP featured in the TS-960SDX optimizes these capabilites, ‘while providing a wide range of features to ensure user- {tiendly operation in a highly practical package. Designed to enable digital detection during reception, the DEP installed in the TS-950SDX offers extremely low distortion and « high S/N ratio. Among the ways in which this is accomplishad isan anti-aliasing fier that prevents the generation of distortion during analog-to-digitalconver- sion of the teceived signal. it also employs an DNR filter for smoothing —that i, removing unwanted signal components that arise curing digital-to-analog conversion Other im- provements include enhanced technology for gia modu fation daring transmission, a reduced sampling frequency and an increasedinstruction set for the OSP. These improve the processing capabilities of the DSP, making avaliable Gigital fiers covering a broad bandwidth, and generating a sigtally modulated signal of greater purity. To make the DSP even more convenient to use, the TS-950SOX has been equipped with a menu system that enables adjustments to the cutoff frequencies of these digital fiters. Settings can evenbe changed inreal-time—during actual transmission or reception from the front panel. These and other enhancements—not all of which are reflected in the published spectfications—raise the perfor- mance of the TS-950SD%'s cigital signal processor to a level higher than that of the DSP-10 ané DSP-100 on winich it is based. 4. Sampling frequency For a DSP that employs the discrete-time system, an extremely important factor in determining performance is, sampling frequency. iahigh sampling frequency is chosen, one advantage is that the fters required for analog and digital conversion can Cover a broad bandwicth, However, the higher the sampling frequency, te shorter each sampling cycle, and al sonal processing must be cornpeted within a single cycle. Thus, ifthe DSP itself isnot capable of sufficiently fast process- ing, performance actually deteriorates rather than im- proves. As with computers, very fast processors are very highly priced, so at present such high-speed processing is ‘not apractical proposition for Amateur Raco transceivers. ‘The 1$-950SD%'s sampling frequency has been chosen to ensure optimum performance for the processing speed of the DSP. This represents @ significant departure from the design of the previous DSP-10 and DSP-168;-for which samplingspeed was set as igh as possibleto enable broad- bancwidth digital fering. Specifically, the DSP-'0 and DSP-100 were equipped wrth he minimum instuction-set required for digital signal processing and~in order to expand the cigital filter band- ‘width as much as possinle~ the sampling frequency was ‘set at 49,189kH2. The opposite approach was usedto design the DSP inthe TS-950SDX: while ensuring the sor of digital fitter bandwidth required for a first-class transceiver, the sampling frequency was calculated to make maximum uSe of the processing capablities of the DSP. tn fact, two sampling frequencies were chosen: 44990242 (trensmit) ‘and 44.4kez (receive). This allows the DSP some excess processing capacity, which is used to ralse the PSN order for $$8 modulation and otherwise improve performarice. ‘Table 1: HPF culotf frequencies and frequency bandwidth (theoretical) WPF Frequency bandwidth (theoretical)/ sideband suppression OFF 36.2H- 45842 / 7008 OOHZ 45H2-4500H2 / 7548 2002 67He-B700H2 / 7568 ‘so0H2, 400 | 140H2-B400H2 / 8068 —13—2, PSN-SSB modulation periormed by DSP 2 PSS 950SDX features the same PSN (phase shift HF ai) approach to rodulation as the TS-GB0SD, How mee number of instuctons that can be carried out eve sampling cyok as ineeased, an this has led to improverents in the DSP's sigral processing performance td hence in PSN madulation cheracteristlos, 35 modulation technology based on analog PSNVand fiers S bemensiratvaly incapable of ever oulperforming the Sopt'gs3 modulation mathod used by the TS-BS0SD*' sP. arng transmission, the TS-850SDX's DSP employs IR fiers for digital HPF and cit! LPF Since these I ters perform wel even with the relatively small Instruction set oF ene DSP. they can make use atthe unused precessing Capacity of the OSP to expand PSN bandwidth ans enhance srensmission performance, patorenaving tis advantage ct eqpringareatvely small vestrution set, IR filters 00 have one drawback: the So rigd zero input Hit cyt pheremenn. Tris sans that cate aati no signa thay generate cigitalnitse, On he ‘Bap this problom was avoided by constatly feeding Oe ters wth signal taken fromthe DDS (Direct Dig Synihesiee) thus ensuring that a zero-signal station did pargnse, The TS-50SDXK prevents the 2er0 input mit {yee penormenan in a sar way, atnough the te safes wth divided trequency output from the TGXO, Note ae gee this ational signals attenuated by the notch Mies used for carrier suppression it does not appear inthe modulated ovtput ‘TAS ANC input lowecul HPF on-the TS-O50SDX offers a rete of settings. OFF, 100Hz,200H2. $002, and 40H he ow-cut frequency 1s the cutoff frequency when com sired wth tne carri-supprassion notch fier I the notch iitgr ws 321 10 OFF. idealy fier characteristics should be 08 down to DO: however. in practice one observes SBteriration in caver suppression performance resulting (earn A/D converter characteristics and the DSP's sumerie processing erors. Fre unlikely thai the operator wil in fact be using @ mrgrepnone with gcod performance characteristics down TRC bt it the HPF is set to OFF, low-range performance tothe than aocepteble, even without the natch fiker swniched off 43, PSN-SSB digital detection performed by the DSP During reception too, the TS-950SDX makes USE of the DSP's signal processing capabilities to perform PSN-SSB election, When ‘an SSB signal is detected, FIR filters with Siprir SN characerstis are used to expla the DSP's full potential, No recourse Is ‘made to the IR fiftering that is used during PSN-SSB: modulation to expand! PSN bandwidth. ‘Using FIR filters in this sway, the TS-950SDX is able to offer eppton performance ct level sufficient to rank it among the world's foremost HF transceivers. ‘The reason WR filters are ‘not used for detection during reception is that priority nas been given to SIN. By using FiAfitters that produce little digital noise through numeric ‘The order of ‘the TS-Q50SD%'s FIR filters used for PSN-SSB orocessingerartispossbieto make optimum use the MOBSOSDX’s DSP, raising reception performance overall ‘Tho TS-950SDX's FIR fitters consist of 15 LPFs (low-pass fiters) and 3 BPFs (oand-pass fiers). Since these can be Selected during transcelver operation using the menu syS- fan the operator can tallor performance to particular te itions and adjust audio quality to taste tus assuring 8B reception with superb S/N characteristic. Table 2: FIR filter cutoff frequencies and frequency bandwidth (theoretical) Freeney bandwic (hecraca’ ‘sideband suppression \75Hi2-4296.3H2 / 7008 FIR (LPF: 2600H2-6000H2 ig eoore-2400H2 [60H-3437Hz / 7068 Figure 1; Recolve PSN characteristics, Flguryebge 750 igh ace: 42963 Tet quant: 000 SOODN LPF (oy Law edge: 600 Highedge: 2497.0 160K quazate i detection during receptions low andthe bandwidth rato is $728 (maximum), representing about half ofthe bandvicth provided by the I fiers usad for PSN-SSB modulation faring transmission, This fs because the TS-980SDX is Gesigned to make mavrrum use ofthe limited processing Ceapabililes ofthe DSP 10 relize deal SSB operations For Fi iters provide abroad bandh capabilty, enabling the generation of a complete SSB madulated signal: and for o0he-2400H: BPF.LPF areRX, FIR filters assure a high signal-to-noise ratio, enabling extremely quiet (2ero-signal state) SSB reception. ‘An additional feature of the TS-Q50SDX's SSB detector ‘worthy of rote is the use of comb filters. These have ‘become quite familar owingto ther extensive use in TV and video applications. Since comb filters are linear phase filters, they can attenuate noise (unwantedsignals) on either side of the voice formant frequency without reducing inteligibilty, athough tone may change. They thus contrlb- tie to improved S/N. While analog notch filters can be used for the same amplitude characteristics as comb filters, the former give rise to group delay distortion that can impair audio clarity. And as well as improving S/N, comb fitters hhave another use: if low frequencies seem to be over- emphasized, switching them on can greatly improve sound quality. To summarize, thanks to two types of digital filter—FIR and ‘comb— he TS-9508DX offers exceptionally goodrecention characterized by unparalled S/N. 4: CW modulation performed by the DSP ‘A ROM filter is used to obtain shaped CW output from key input. As with the DSP-100, Gaussian characteristics are ‘employed, providing a choice of 4settings~2msec. 4msec., msec. or Bmsec—for the leading and traling edges (0 to 100%). 5. CW digital detection performed by the DSP PSN detection is also used for CW mode. This ensures & Clear signal with no leakage on the opposite sideband, The DS? functions in the same way as for SSB detection. However, one difference betiween SSB and CW reception is that in the CW mode the comb filters are always enabied (in ‘SSB mode, they can be switched in and out using the menu system). Hf a signal is received at a pitch that does not correspond to the comb fiter peak, it will suffer slight ‘atienvation. But since com filter characteristics are broad, itis possible to obtain good audio quality with the lower frequencias removed to ensure a natural balance, TheDSP's comb filters make an enormous difference to CW reception. 6. FSK modulation performed by the DSP ‘As with the DSP-100, ideal FSK modulation is afforded by ‘shaping and modulating the input of FI fiters with excellent SIN characteristics. 7. FSK digital detection performed by the DSP PSN technology is also used for FSK detection. As regards FAR filter characteristics, the operator can obtain good results by making selectiveuse of the 3 BFFs (with a central frequency of 2.2kHz) ta match current operating conditions, ‘Figure 2: BPF characteristics (for FSK reception) sie SKBPEWIDE L . 8k BFF WIDE Fees Fok aprMIO f SK BPF MID feesancy Tl use ‘ Fak OFF NARROW males 8, AM modulation performed by the DSP For AM modulation, the DSP uses FIR filters to limit bandwidth and a high-performance cigtal mutiphies. 9. The future of DSP-based digital processing in developing the TS-950SD¥'s DSP it has not, unfortu: rately, been possible to harness the power of digital signal processing for AM or FM detection. With current DSP technology there are stil significant limitations as regarés processing power, and tis believed that analog detection Stil affords the best overall performance for AM and FM detection. 15 — eee Eee40. Digital filter selection via the menu system operator canbe protected rom the sat of power staal The Te SE0SDX has been equipped with a menu system that originatos froma short-wave radio station broadcast- that allows control over the DSP's various settings Yaring gona nearby fecuency, Ineffect, these BPFs improve the peratin. And sinoe his is ancessoe rom the from panel, diamic range of the reeeiver Teese is very practical and vary easy to operate, ‘Table 3: AX band-pass filters Feeney ee Tare and i rove «902 3.Reception ome sa wom — DsP-eanced recoton lus sititaneous |) teeme-zsamme |} sowie band jal ersency rece othe same band — ‘se e0 ‘ic & EN ands ‘seem 620M ‘The TS-950SOX features DSP-based clita detection and cee tere hteceaal cigita fitters that minimize distortion, resulting in high 74suta -9.00MF2 tty reception Aso, thereeesigned suo-recelver secon a.gowne- rodent | ‘owt bans cualtyreepinanecus cua-requency receive on the same) rodenie- S538 nats po istction oetven main and sub receivers. | ygeoyha-r4eue ty ware sigrfiant provements in performance have 12, aan Sines irem detailed relineerts to the operational level of Slestenisealhe saavarovs components ot therecelvedsignel, Progress can ‘gown 208002 soni band tere oie olipsumh areas asinier-moduatoncharacir- | snes 710008 | aiwstrtand Deseret aio ally, notch selectvty; and | ase 24.0MH, redaceo noise foot tevel ~.gowte 5 oul tipiopee wth ts DSP anc the capability to reelve {wo eee Gracbaantebiad fantoncies on the same band simultaneously, the TS S SReDx provides reoeiver oextormance ofthe higest level achieved by any HF transceiver. : acs O5OSDX employs a quadruple conversion approach Figure 8: TS-950SDX RF BPF characteristics Tecaception triple conversion for FN: mode). Letstrace the tetnfolowed by a recive signal to se how eaon part of ver tein ar 8 ss sn the ctcultry operates. Be TT 4. RF section wosasr [7 i (1) RE ATT (RF attenuator] ‘Sin t ry TS-QS0SDX feature 2 variable 4-position RF attenua: ape erat 638 steps (OF, 6 2.oF 18). The tens nave baer toe emaier tran onthe TS-950S, ensuring greatar contro! Mrdeftectiveness. Note thatf more than 18 of attenuation t t aque 2 further 10dB is avalable by pressing the AP ww eee switch, sons {2} HPF (high-pass filter) 7 tr iol-pase titer ig provided to shutout the signals | Pe perc stations broadcasting inthe BC band. tis use penser eee eee Clan operating in proximity to a radio station, o° for tombetiaginterference caused by apowertulredium wave signal at night (4) BF AGC fp gutornatic gen control operates inthe same way es does (3) RF BPFs (vand-passfiters) ‘AGC for the IF section. in the event that @ powerful signal is. to SOSOSDX has a narfow-bandwidln BPF for each of RAL ‘via the antenna terminal, this prevents signal satura- the Amateur Rac bands. f those for general coverage use {fon in or ater the RE amplifier and mixer sections. The RF ee reclined, tns mekes a total of 1 divided BPFs. By AGC circuft features 2 continuously variable attenuator providing 2 specie BPF for each Amateur banc, the employing PIN diodes.* i a (6) RF amplifier (high-frequency amp) The TS-Q50SDX has two AF amplifiers: an FET 2-stage (2SK125-2SK520) amp wit nigh sensitivity, anda ¢-stage {e8K25) amp with ahigh intercent point. The operator can choose one or the other using the AIP switch {a) High-sensitivity RF amo (AIP OFF) Operated as an FET 2-stage high-gain amplifier. For the +1B2Mi2-30MHz Amateur bands, it provides sensitivity equivalent 10-148 (0.252) ar less inSSB,CW, nd FSK modes. (8) High intercept point RF amp (AIP ON) Operated as a tstage (2SK125) low-gain amplifier. Iris ged when you want to put priority on dynamic range, for itprovides suficientsensitvity for reception together ‘with athigh intercept point. For the 3 SMHz and 7MZlow bands, it is particularly useful, as it can be used to provide approximately 10dB of attenuation with good inter modulation characteristics. 2. Main receiver section (1) Mixer ‘This is a quad mixer circuit with 4 FET 2SKS20s. A double- balanced aparoach fas been adopted to ensure a high intercept point. The function of this circuit is to mix the ‘eceived signal with MLot (‘st local oscillator injection Sigal for the main receiver), converting it into the Ast F signal (73,05MtH2) (2) 1st IF amp ané onwards {Upon entering the F unt, the 1st IF signals divided into two paths, The first of these passes through @ buffer and is frixed wit the 6422NH2 W.L02 (2nd local oscillator signal for the main receiver) to become the B.SMHZ wide: bandwidth signal that fs output from the IF OUT-" terminal oon the rear panel. This can be fed into the optional SM-230 station monitor band scope. Meanwhile, the other cf the two signals passes via a butfer toa t5ktiz MCF that fiters out unwanted signals i then goes {to the andmixer where itis combined with MLo2to become ‘the 2nd IF signal (8.832). (3) Noise blanker ‘The 2nd IF signal is also divided into two paths: one goes to the noise blanker circuit, and the other passes through 2 noise blanking gate consisting of 4 Giodes and then enters the nd IF filer circult. ‘The blanking pulse, generated by the main receiver, is supolied to the noise blanking gates of both main and sub receivers. infact, the two blaring pulsas actin reciprocal fashion, since that generated by the sub receiver Is also suppliedto the noise banking gate ofthe main eceiver. This means that the sub receiver can be dedicated to noise etection to enable the main receiver to operate with @ sninimum of noise; this Is referred to es the noise-select function. Figure 4: Noise blanker circuit tare osedaminare 2 Ve (4) 20 1F titer ‘Thes. S3MH2 IF fitter circuit is equipped with aSOOHz crystal fiter for CW applications. if an. even narrower filler is desired, the 270 Hz YK-88CN-1 CW narrow filteris available as an option. Should an SSB narrow filter be required, there is also the 48kHz YK-B8SN-+1 (option) (6) 3rd IF titer iAiter passing through the 2nd IF filter, the IF signal is converted into the rd IF signal (455kHz) in the 3rd mixer. What happens to this 3rd IF signal depends on whether the 75-950SDX is operating in FM made or not. H notin the FM mode, the 3rd F signal's amlified andpassed on to the 3rd FF filter (485kH2) cccut, which features crystal fers for ‘AM (GkH2). SSB (2.4kH), and CW (50042). Optionally avalible isthe 270Hz YE-ASBCN-1 CW filter for ‘narrower bandwidth {6) Notch filter eireult ‘Nor passing through the dF filter, the signal is amplified and then converted by the 4th mixer into a 100kHz IF signal. ‘A notch filter can be introduced at this stage. The TS- S0SDX's natah fier is @ T-type bridge circuit employing a voltage variable-capacitance diode and covering a range of 100kHe =3kHz awFigure 5: Block diagrain of TS-S50SDX receiver section | d= ta Ne fren) (7) DSP-PSN detection circuit ‘The ‘OOkHz IF signal is ample, filtered through an LPF, converted from analog to digital, and then input to the DSP. Here the various digital signal processing operations are performed—including digital cetection and FIR digital fter= ing—before conversion back to analog and output as an AF signal. (8) AM and FMM detection circuit ‘AN cetecticn is performed by an envelope detector using a Shottky barrier diode. ‘The F¥M signal for detection is first converted into the 3rd IF signal (455kHz), passed through the FM filter circuit (aki or ke selectable), given sufficient amplification, ‘and then fed intoa discriminator. Since audio output power is limited, even a signal that has deen processed by a ‘compressor amplifier and heavily modulated can be mada to sound clear and natural 3. Sub-receiver section (1) Mixer {Asis the case with the main receiver, the signal output by the RF amplifier passes via a buffer to a quad mixer circuit Inthe sub recelver's Ast mixer, itis combined with SLot (1st jocal oscillator injection signal for the sub receiver), con- vyerting it to the ‘st IF signal (40.058MH2). This is then filtere through a fSkHz MCF to remove unwanted signals, ‘and processed by the 2ndmixer to become the 2nd signal (s0.695MH2). ‘This 2nd IF signal Is divided into two paths: one is supplieg to the noise blanker circuits of the main and sub recelvers, ‘while the other is amplified by the IF amp. (2) Sub-receiver IF filter ‘The suareoeiver's 2nd F filter circuit features crystal filters for SSB (2.2kH2) and CW (500K). fit is desired to use the sub-receiver section as a TX monitor circuit the filter must ‘be bypassed for SSB transmission (3) IF, AGC & detection circuits “The sub receiver's AGC is applied to the 10.695MHz 2nd IF signal its tie constant being set to about the same as the MID position on the main receiver AGG selector. ‘The IC-based analog detection circuit has been refined to censure audio quality litle different trom that of the main receiver. The AF signal detected here is sent on to the sub- receiver AF and monitor circuits. 4. AF amplifier (low-frequency amp) ‘The AF signals produced by the main and sub receivers are amplified by independent AF amplifiers. (1) AE-VBT circuits “Themain andsub AF signaisare input to their respective AF- \VBT circuits. these AF-VBT circuits are switched on while operating in CW mode, tis possible to adjust the pass band ‘width using the AF-VBT control on the front panel (for the ‘main sipal ofthe internal trim potentio-meter (for the sub signal After passingthrough these AF-VBT circus, the signals are ‘amplified by OP amps and passed though potentiometers (separate for main and sub receivers). ‘They can then ba Combined with @ monitor signal, a sidefone signal, or the ‘audio output of the DRU-2 digital recording unit, and finally sent t0 the main and sub mix circuit {2) Main and sub mix circuit Both AF signals are passed to the main and sub mix circuit, ‘and from there to the speaker(s), a dictated by the speaker mode selected via the menu system. You have a choice of three speaker modes: Mixed (OFF), semi-separate (1), and separate (2). Figure 7; Audio mixing circuit eyes weg eres OF r09 eag 6, Interference reduction measures (1)1F filter selection You are free to choose or combine the TS-S50SDX's indeperident IF fiters— for 8.83 MHz, 455 kHz, and the suo X— to sult the particular mode. —19— —T(aye. ganic crystal titers Hpac press of te 885 key onthe ont pai the ‘Alt Cre selects notation Therearefvefitars set o snoose roe] 222 SSB, and (21 900% ow. (2) 888 slope tuning sppe ting creut uses para fiers and by U8 ares atteren sit you Can adust the apparent PASS an width to reduce or eiinatejnterterence bane owing dustation shows now SSB slope ing ree wen intereing signals ae received in the "oP oer ower regions of the normal cormmunications wand with Figure 8; $88 stone tuning SSB slope tuning contral ‘ro avid the interfering sionals labeled fran fat woud Mary seem advantageous io act banc 1 © 0° Syntesized pass band width—marked Dy 18 ‘dotted line. Sree re banc crystal ters cannot clay be hanged. ft becomes necessary tO shift the heterodyne frequency sity. This isn practice equivalent to adjusting the filter banawigth, Figure 9 istretes the layout ofthe TS-950SD)¢8 ore Figs and also the passband width characteristics of the suovessive I filters. igure 9: Regever sean frequency profile & pass Pare wigth igure Se characeristos eae Rta (amgle an sombinad) without engaging SSB sone tuning. and without making any Thingas to ne standarasettings te symhesizedpass band width i 24kH2—the widest possible Heat ite $85 slope tung high-cut control is applied fe Wen titer anid shits lower an the synthesized roe pana with narrows, cutting out the Upper neering signal t (action). Site SSB slope turing low-cut control 6 applied he Or iter bandwidth shifts higher andthe syne” tome ass, band width narrows, cutting out the lower Sized ing signal (action 2, opposite of action ser ing ecions 1 and 2 simultaneously neatly ermoves both interfering signals, fh and fe pot ual heterodyne operations that make slope tuning Possible ars follows. Taking 7MEz LSB eceD ee Ee Pare test fife converts the signal to 273 0SHt eer al This then passes though the Be8MiH2 6S eo ok nally entering theDSP unit stilas aS sion ane at to implement highi-cut control for SSB slope tung. Me mols renassarytoshiftthe central frequency of aft ase Since tis reduces te ites high-range cult owipray, as pass banc wit i effectively trowel by teaaersart ofthe sift, removing the interfering signal cin in Figuce-8. TO shit the fiter’s central traquercy sro ards he frequencies cf Lotand Log aeraises the oa ofthe shits, he signa input to the nd Fer ames Love At, andthe 2nd ir requency rises by AL. THs_Afrige's compensated for by making the signal nou ofthe AUT fer Lod+At, Thus, high-cut contol consists of Troreasing the 2nd and 3rd local oscar frequencies Dy Ar decreasing the cutoft frequency by Af, and this A ng wnat Ish effect a symesized pass band wicth on the filter's upper frequency. Ceyreut contro! is implemented in a siilar fashion The emtatirequancy ofa fitter not used fr high-cut contol is Seiad upwards, raising the fite’s low-range cutot fre, usney, Gn the TS-50SDX the loca oscilator stra nyt Ta the Sed mixer is raised to Lo3+ Af, and tis is compen ‘Bates io: by maxingthe local osclatar injection signal input Serpe ath Fit Lod-AP. This effectively narrows tho symthesized pass Dand width on the ite’ tower frequen, enabling low-cut control Secenghreut control andtow-cut control can be executed oependetly, you can talor $88 ste tuning to cleanly amo interfering signals f and fe~ interference reduction at its best Figure 10: Bandwidth changes resulting from IF jerference reduction measures 4 f iy . fea [a Slope tone low-out fh {b) Sipe tune highraut (@)Sopetune ow-andhigh-cat Remar (3) IF VBT ese cirouit enables you to vary bandwidth in the CW, FSK Mi Ni modest works on the same principle 25 SSE slope ‘taing, erating simultaneously on both the B3MH2 anc 455kHz filters for continuous control over pass band width. (4) IF notch fitter {When an interfering signal comes nat to one side but in the mridale of your target signal as ilustrated in Figure fit Toes no good to adjust fiter cutoff frequencies. This is because slope tuning med at narrowing F pass band width it attenuate the target signa, making it very éfficult 10 hear. ‘The solution to such problems is notch filter. This Surgically removes the interfering signal through severe Sitenuation ata single, specifie frequency. The notch filter is comprised of a T-type bridge cicult, as Tlustrated in Figure By adjusting the votage impressed onthe vollage Veiable-capacitance diode, it Is possible to change the Tesonance (requency, thus sharply attenuating only the interfering signal, Sincathe natch fiteris situated inside the ‘AINE tilt: circuit (100K) it can operate independently of toth $58 slope tuning and IF VBT. Moraover, it provides ood results for all modes exclucing FM, where tis not required. Figure 11: Notch titer rete a PEER ei eteFigure 12: Notch cireut (signal unt) pine (5) DSP audio filter Gy the 1$-950SDX. audio titering folowing detection is Sie performed by digtal processing The DSP's FR dla JFioecofleing excelent S/N characteristics cleanly ot way unwanted audio bandwidth are ery eystem provides you with 2 choice of 15 LPFS {wtoot irequecies ranging from 600K to Gt and Mipes for FSK use (with a center frequency of 2262) Figure 8 shows the audio regency characteristics Tue receiver section, with typical cutoff frequencies indicated Figure 13: Racelver section's audio frequency characteristics cote feo. Pl {6) AF VBT (in CW mode) es aVBT circuit nthe AF stage, separate rom that in ‘TE stage, whicn can aso be used to adust pess band With The is effective against adjacent beat interference sre noise, improving the Carty of reception it employs 2 ached capacitor iter whose canter frequency canbe st using a lock signa. ane hand width can be reduoed to less than 100H2 Aajstments aremadausing he AF-VBT contro onthe font gnelforthemain eciver or aninterna rim potenomter Fae so signal. The default setting is anpreximately one, The canter frequency does not require adjustment ‘nce itis linked to the pitch control. (7) Piteh control (Re CW mode after the operator has tunedin a signal Me ‘can adjust the 'BFO pitch to sult his own preference. ‘When the pitchis altered, however, | neither the TX frequency tor ihe filters’ center frequencies change, so the operator tah just te pitch without concern for either receiver or cenartter frequency shit, The sidetone.and canter tre- ‘taney ofthe AF VBT arenes to the BFO pten Whatever position the pitch ‘controls in, as tong as the operator tunes bo that the sidetone corresponds to the frequency of the fons pes 9 Using 2 25mm stereo plug and jack it is possible to hook up both the internal electro Keyer and an external Keyer for simultaneous use, as illustrated. some Caution ‘When the 3.5mm stereo plug connecting both internal and external keyers is inserted into the remote function keypad jack, the transceiver wil enter TX mode for an instant. Because of this, either switch off breakin oF select @ mode other than CW wen inserting the plug. 8. Split-Frequency Transfer Function If the TS-S50SDX is connected to ‘another transceiver compat- ible with Kenwood’s transter function—such as a second ‘TS- ‘950SDX or a TS-850S, TS-6906, or TS-450S— itis possibleto transfer frequency and mode data from one (the master) to the other {the slave). This is useful if the operator wishes to receive simultaneously ‘with two rigs it also ensures accurate operation for two-man contest teams. ‘The comection is mace between the ‘transoeivers’ ACC1 ‘connectors using a cable with 6-pin DIN plugs. As ilustrated, the ‘TXD/RXD andCTS/ ATS peits areboth crossedinsidethe cable. Cable 6-pin DIN cable Connectors. ACC1on both master and slave ‘An optional 1m transfer cable with 6-pin DIN plugs can be obtained through Autho- rized Kenwood Amateur Radio dealers ‘pi DW plugs are also avaiable sepe- rately as a spare part. spn DIN cable Part no. £80-3047-05 6-pin DIN plug.....Part no. £07-0654-05 assignments | Terminal 1 Use Terminal 2 7] cx | Slonal round | GND 2) mm | TXdata | RXD al RX wXéte | ‘TO 4 CTS TX enable RTS esa 5| RTS TX request crs. : {e| no (go connection) No Example: TS-9508DX ta TS-950SDX transteri SPECIFICATIONS 9, Options Stee ng acy nin a xr BATE KDSIEXS ICN TL922/TL-922A HF Linear Amplifier” eg 89 He) Tre T1-922/TL-922A covers all Amateur bands, 160 ome ype (50209 Treath fe excant forte tree WARC bande), in S58, Ereqmny ra trend ETT odes Trisless ABe rounded reat HT So 00 amalfer employs twin EIMAG 3-502 power tubes to a are rere economical performance, Note that Faermenome we 2 [908 as Ww ‘parates with semi break-in bt not full break ower meesramenarercy 1-25 Miz 1 (Ul sal) Huu ovat or SHR measrament SOW 220% —tgs T-900K aval ony tte USA does rt cover te band. DAU-2 Digital Recording FEATURES ‘Unit fe Tin EMAC 3-500 high-performance trensmting tubes TheDAU-Zallows transmis ‘© Class ASe grounded-grid circuit sion voice recording using 3 Excelent IND (intermodulation products distortion) char- audio memories 2 0f 8 seo acteristics ‘onds,oneof 16. seconds—for ‘e Blower tum-off delay circuit 9B, FMand AM calling. You ‘e Adustabie threshold level ALC circut can operate it from the re fe Two large, easy-to-read meters ‘rate function Keypad (RM) It can also be programmed, SPECIFICATIONS using the mena system, for pa recording of the a received signal thus allowing the operator toreplay the last Se acoso TSMR WO HASIE Gor send SOgTeNt ‘should confirmation be needed. Hodes 885.00,8717 et pe: 8 er more al oda ‘M0-60A Deluxe Desktop Sane ee SB 2 00OW PEP, CW, RTTY = 100081 DC wt Css Abe rauoee-pi iret rot Microphone (BOK/S000) Teput mpedance: 504 Featuring a bult-in pre-amplifier, Saga inpatin: 3 75 this high-quality communications acai uetay stop tine: 10 0 seco trigrophone has @ Zinc dle-Last Tana a) soe je twee 2V OC ax ost yseal basta provi axa stability. The Mibex 2 x3 S002 toptbna) vara , a MC-60A is also eauippadwith PTT Fang eivemei 2028 oven alo, 2orzead wa, MOE ae rtches, UP/DOWN 2 Hy xx Of 30x04 ACT (5-00 x7-V2y 6) switches, an impeganes selector Weg: Sy (688 Eos) switch, and an &-pin connector. sP-960 Exiernal Speaker {ike te SM-290 station monior, te $P-950 8 designed to match the TS-SB0SDX in Siz, colocand appearence. This high-quality ‘MC-B0 Desktop Microphone (70002) ‘The MC-80 's an omnidirectional ae electret condenser microphone Us- [ ing an 8-pin connector. Featured speaker featwresa panel madect areanUP/ DOWN trequency switch, reforced ABS plastic anc.anex- ‘volume adjustment for output level, pandee metal speaker gill 0 PTT and LOCK switches, and a improve tone quai. built-in pre-amplifie. Sanat none vto-8 mul-FuncionDeston pat power imax) 15W (3.0) ‘Microphone (7002) io pow (ricqueney eons: tT Mlernhons el compensation prone Be Heat ee dy A eB) NONZ Feo eR a Ca - Gistnguishes the MC-B5, 2 un her attenvalion: -606/ OCT oe directional electrat condenser mi- Batam nr Ruaet mean eo 58 Sx chs a Te selec: fg ‘Wight: 24g (lb. 702) aprox. tions,audio level compensation cit- cuit, low-cut filter, level meter, 8. ‘sw-2100 SWR/ POWER Meter pin’ connector, PTT and LOCK Convenient for base station use, the SW-2100—with dul, switches. incoupler— has ag = 7 selectable RMS ff i MC-438 Hand Microphone (5000) AASSWR/POWER (ASAE SI: “The MC-435 is a dynamic hand mi- Lael : = craphone with both PTT and UP/ _ -— ° DOWN swathes. (8-pn)PC-1A Phone Patth Controller (Available oniy where phone patch ‘peration is legal) RET FOC Part 68 registered \F-2326 Interface Unit VS-2 Voice Synthesizer Unit HS-5 Deluxe Headphones (8:2) (Monaural) & ¥ HS-6 Small Headphones (12.52) (Monaural) oN ‘YK-B8CN-1 270H2 CW Filter for 883M IF S ‘YK-BESN-4 1.8ktiz SSB Narrow Filter for 6.6302 IF YG-455CN-1 250Hz CW Narrow Filter for 455KtHz IF LE-30A Low-Pass Filter 40. Specifications Ma 2c [sso t -s-