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Unit 4 Study Guide

This document is a study guide for a genetics unit that includes: 1. Key genetics terms like DNA, genes, chromosomes and how they relate. 2. Differences between sexual and asexual reproduction and Mendelian genetics concepts like dominant and recessive traits. 3. Examples of genetics problems solved through Punnett squares, including probabilities of offspring traits.

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87 views3 pages

Unit 4 Study Guide

This document is a study guide for a genetics unit that includes: 1. Key genetics terms like DNA, genes, chromosomes and how they relate. 2. Differences between sexual and asexual reproduction and Mendelian genetics concepts like dominant and recessive traits. 3. Examples of genetics problems solved through Punnett squares, including probabilities of offspring traits.

Uploaded by

sawyeranthony2009
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name ______________________________ Class Period _______

Unit 4: Genetics Study Guide

DNA, Genes, Chromosomes Helpful Hints


1. _____ makes up Genes, _____ make up Chromosomes, and Chromosomes make 1. “Don't Go
up your ___________. Crazy Guys”
2. T/F: DNA is the genetic material found in all cells.
3. In _____________ cells, DNA is enclosed in a Nucleus; however, in __________ cells, 3. Look back at
DNA is NOT enclosed in a nucleus. Unit 3!
4. Genes code for proteins, which make up a specific _______. For example, yellow
fur in the Dog DNA lab.
5. Chromosomes can be seen during mitosis, which is the division of body ________,
and _____________, which is the creation of sex cells.
6. Jen was born with black hair, has pierced ears, and she knows all her
multiplication tables. Which of these traits is inherited? ______________________

Sexual vs Asexual Reproduction Helpful Hints


1. Sexual reproduction requires ____ parents (a mother and a father, or ________ 1-3 Look at Intro
and ______); while asexual reproduction requires just ___ parent. to Genetics
2. In sexual reproduction, offspring are genetically ____________. This means Notes
_____________________________________________________________________________________.
4-7 Look at
3. In asexual reproduction, offspring are genetically ____________. This means
Sexual vs
_____________________________________________________________________________________ Asexual
4. When we work on punnett squares, this is a model of _____________________ Reproduction
reproduction, as we look at the probabilities in variation in offspring. Graphic
Organizer

Gregor Mendel Helpful Hints


1. ___________ _____________ is known as the father of Genetics. Look at
2. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian Monk who studied ______ _________. Mendelian
3. When traits follow a specific set of rules or patterns, they are referred to as Genetics Notes
_____________ traits.
4. Mendel made his discoveries about genetics by _________ ____________ pea plants.
5. Mendel discovered that some traits are _______________, meaning they overpower
other traits when both are present, and some traits are ____________, meaning
they are overpowered or hidden by other traits when both are present.
6. _____________ are alternative forms of a gene. Two must be present for every
mendelian trait.
7. How do alleles arise? ________________________________________________________________
8. For a recessive trait to show physically, how many recessive alleles must be
present? ____
9. For a dominant trait to show physically, how many dominant alleles must be
present? ___
10. Which type of traits always present in the first generation? ____________________
11. Dominant alleles are represented by _______________ letters and recessive alleles
are represented by ________________ letters.
12. __________________ refers to the alleles, or the genetic code for a trait. 12. Genetic code
13. __________________ refers to the physical appearance of a trait. 13. PHysical
appearance
14. Provide three examples of genotype: _______, _______, ______
15. Provide three examples of phenotype: ______________, ______________, _____________
Name ______________________________ Class Period _______

16. Label the pairs of alleles below as either homozygous dominant (HD),
homozygous recessive (HR), or heterozygous (HE).
16. Homo= Same
BB Bb hh HH Rr JJ ll ii Tt tt GG Qq MM ee Ee Hetero= Diff.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

17. Is it possible to know a person’s genotype just by looking at them? Explain.

_______________________________________________________________________________________
18. Is it possible to know a person’s phenotype just by looking at them?

_______________________________________________________________________________________
19. If curly hair (H) is the dominant trait and straight hair (h) is the recessive trait,
what are the possible genotypes for an individual with curly hair? _______________
20. Why do we NOT use different letters to denote different alleles?

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Punnett Squares Helpful Hints


1. Complete the Punnett Squares below:

2. Create a Punnett Square to answer the following questions:


a. Tide’s parents are Ginger and Otis. Ginger is heterozygous for her red
coat and Otis is homozygous for his white coat.
i. List Ginger and Otis’s genotypes below:
________________________________________________________

ii. Tide has a red coat like his mom. Based on the punnett square,
what are Tide’s possible genotypes?

iii. What were the chances he had a red coat?

b. Tide’s breeder has a new male dog. Like Ginger, he is also heterozygous
for his red coat.
i. List the possible genotypes AND phenotypes of their puppies
below:
________________________________________________________
Name ______________________________ Class Period _______

3. In rabbits, black fur is dominant to white fur. Create a Punnett Square to


answer the following question:
a. If you cross a Homozygous dominant male with a heterozygous female,
what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?

b. What are the percentages for each genotype and phenotype?

4. In dogs, there is a hereditary type of deafness caused by a recessive gene. Two


dogs who carry the gene for deafness but have normal hearing are mated.
Create a Punnett Square to answer the following questions:
a. What are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring

b. What is the percent chance for each?

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