Mathematics Learner’s Material Unit 1 This book was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, andlor universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders io emai their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at action@deped. gov.ph. We value your feedback and recommendations. Department of Education Republic of the PhilippinesMathematics — Grade 4 Learner's Material First Edition 2015 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any ‘work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such ‘work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. 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Ocampo, PhD Development Team of the Learner's Material Writers: Alma R. Tabilang, lan Jay B. Arce, Rodrigo V. Pascua, Nelma P. Calayag, Lolita P. Dacuba, Dioleta B. Borais, Rafael B. Buernia, Mya T. Collao, Larry G. Morandante, Amado B. Dano, Laura N. Gonzaga, Isagani A. Briones, and John Antonio D. Daganta Language Editor: Mary Jeanne B. Aldeguer Focal Person/Content Writer and Reviewer: Abelardo B. Medes Layout Artists: Jose Quirovin E. Mabuti and Ronwaldo Victor Ma. Pagulayan Encoders: Ferdinand Bergado and Teresita Garcia Illustrators: Eric de Guia and Fermin Fabella Printed In the Philippines by LEXICON PRESS, INC. Department of Educationinstructional Materials Council Secretariat (DepEd-IMCS) Office Address: th Floor Mabini Buliding, DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City Philippines 1600 Telefax: (02) 634-1054, 634-1072 E-mail Address: _imesetd@yahoo.comDear Pupil, Would you like to become “GREAT” someday? It is our dream to see you grow with a thinking mind, problem solving skills, and creative decision-making skills in dealing with your daily life activities. With this dream, we have developed this Grade 4 Learning Materials in Mathematics. We believe that you are one of the children in today’s world capable of leaming creatively. For this reason, we have designed meaningful and varied activities that will develop your knowledge and skills for the 21st century in this book. They are based on the standards and competencies expected of you in the K to 12 Basic Education Program. We are sure that you will love working on them. We hope that with the K to 12 curriculum, we will be able to produce creative thinkers, problem solvers, and functional citizens of the country. Dear Parents, This book, “Learner's Material for Grade 4 Mathematics,” was specially designed for your children. The activities contained in this book will provide your children with the opportunities to develop the knowledge and skills expected of them in mathematics of the K to 12 curriculum for Grade 4. We believe that you want your children to be successful someday. With this, we are hoping that you will find time to assist your children in learning the concepts and skills that they need to master so they will be able to use them when they learn higher math. By helping them with their homework, projects, and other requirements for the subject, they will realize that their education and future are being valued. Thus, make them feel that they are important to their family, community, and to nation building.TABLE OF CONTENTS FIRST QUARTER NUMBERS AND NUMBER SENSE Chapter 1: WHOLE NUMBERS Lesson 1: Visualizing Numbers up to 100 000 with Emphasis on Numbers 10 001 to 50 000... Lesson 2: Visualizing Numbers up to 100 000 with Emphasis on Numbers 50 001 to 100 000 Lesson 3: Place Value and Value of a Digit in Numbers up to 100 000. Lesson 4: Reading and Writing Numbers up to 100 000 in Symbols and in Words... Lesson 5: Rounding Numbers to the Nearest Thousands and Ten Thousands..... Lesson 6: Comparing Numbers up to 100 000 Using Relational Symbols... Lesson 7: Ordering Numbers up to 100 000. Chapter 2 : MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION OF WHOLE NUMBERS Lesson 8: Multiplying Numbers up to Three Digits by Numbers up to Two Digits without Regrouping.. Lesson 9: Multiplying Numbers up to Three Digits by Numbers up to Two Digits with Regrouping...... Lesson 10: Estimating the Products of 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 2- to 3-Digit Numbers. Lesson 11: Multiplying Mentally 2-Digit by 1-Digit Numbers with Products up to 200............. Lesson 12: Multiplying Mentally 2-Digit by 2-Digit Numbers with Products up to 200.... Lesson 13: Solving Routine and Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Multiplication of Whole Numbers Including Money.. vLesson 14: Solving Multistep Routine and Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Multiplication and Addition or Subtraction... Lesson 15: Creating Problems Involving Multiplication and Addition or Subtraction of Whole Numbers Including Mone: Lesson 16: Dividing 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by a 1-Digi Numbers without and with Remainder. Lesson 17: Dividing 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 2-Digit Numbers without and with Remainder. Lesson 18: Dividing 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 10, 100, or 1000 without Remainder... Lesson 19: Dividing 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 10, 100, or 1000 with Remainder... Lesson 20: Estimating the Quotient of 3- to 4-Digit Dividends by 1- to 2-Digit Divisors... Lesson 21: Dividing Mentally 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers without Remainder .. Lesson 22: Solving Routine and Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Division ... Lesson 23: Solving Multistep Routine and Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Division and Other Operations of Whole Numbers.. Lesson 24: Creating Word Problems Involving Divisi without or with Other Operations of Whole Numbers... Lesson 25: Performing Series of Operations (MDAS)..CHAPTER 1 WHOLE NUMBERS This chapter is an extension of the lessons on whole numbers you have learned in the previous grades. It provides you with opportunities to visualize numbers from 10 001 to 100 000. It also allows you to determine the place value and value of a digit in numbers. up to 100 000, which is necessary to be able to read and write numbers in both symbols and words. Rounding numbers which will aid you in developing your skill in estimation is also included. This chapter also lets you extend your knowledge and skills in comparing and ordering whole numbers, skills which you have learned in the previous grades.Lesson 1: Visualizing Numbers up to 100 000 with Emphasis on Numbers 10 001 to 50 000 Explore and Discover! A group of farmers donated a total of 12 364 kilograms of rice to the typhoon victims. Can you imagine how big the number 12 364 is? ‘One way you can imagine is to think of discs to represent the number as shown below. s6neb cee Te jer A Ge One 10000 | Two 1000s | Three 100s | Six 10s Four 1s Coe Xa) 10 000 2.000 300 60 4 12 364 ° iy Get Moving! eo = What number is represented by these number discs? Write your answer in your notebook. 1.. Keep Moving! co Use number discs to show the following numbers. 1) 10450 2) 11 468 3) 24 682 4) 31 597 5) 46 741 6) 28 520 7) 50 000 8) 29 569 Draw number discs to show the following numbers. Do this in your notebook. 9) 18 902 10) 27 639 11) 48 999 12) 31 548 13) 26 592 14) 36 989 15) 19 679 16) 49 999 Apply Your Skills! Read the following items. Then, write your answer to each item in your notebook. 1. A cargo ship is loaded with 35 650 kilograms of rice. Draw number discs to show the given number. 2. There were 24 893 children and adults who watched the football game. Draw number discs to show the given number. 3. Mary used 4 pieces of 10 000s discs, 8 pieces of 1000s discs, 7 pieces of 100s discs, and 6 pieces of 10s discs to represent a number. What number is shown by her number discs? 4. How will you show the number 40 090 using number discs? 3Lesson 2: Visualizing Numbers up to 100 000 with Emphasis on Numbers 50 001-100 000 , Explore and Discover! A total of 54 675 teachers and students joined the “Save Mother Earth” campaign. How will you show 54 6757 You can use number discs to show 54 675. 3 Fim — Con XL} Ye | =) Five 10 000s| Four 1000s | Six 100s _| Seven 10s | Five 1s 50 000 4000 600 70 5 54 675 s elg SetMoving! What number is represented by these number discs? Write your answers in your notebook. 1.“3 Keep Moving! ero Draw number discs to show the following numbers. Draw your answers in your notebook. 1)50250 2)64986 3)72134 4)80900 5)90890 6)58982 7)77888 8)89975 9)68690 10)99999 Apply Your Skills! Write your answer to each item in your notebook, 4. There are 68 950 tree seedlings distributed to the barangays by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Draw number discs to show the given number. 2. Mr. Ong bought some appliances worth Php85,675. Represent this amount using number discs. 3. Which number /s 10 000 smaller than 89 9907 99 890 79990 _79 890 69 990 4. Which number is 10 000 greater than 75 650? 85 700 85 650 95 650 65 650Lesson 3: Place Value and Value of a Digit in Numbers up to 100 000 Explore and Discoverl In 2013, Barangay San Sebastian harvested 64 789 kilograms of mangoes. What does each digit in 64 789 mean? Study how 64 789 is written in the place value chart. THOUSANDS UNITS J=> Periods Hundred [Ten [One [Hundreds [Tens [Ones _[=?Piace Value 6 [4 7 8 | 9 Digits The digit 9 is in the ones place. Its value is 9. The digit 8 is in the tens place. Its value is 80. The digit 7 is in the hundreds place. Its value is 700. The digit 4 is in the one thousands place. Its value is 4000. The digit 6 is in the ten thousands place. Its value is 60 000. The value of a digit is determined by multiplying that digit by its place value. o eo Get Moving! A. In the number 91 736, what is the place value of each digit below? Write your answers in your notebook. 8-1-7 = 6-B. Write the missing numbers in your notebook. 1) 74789 means 70 000 + + +. + 2) 34 567 means +4000 + 500 + 60 +7 3) 45897 means 40 000 + +800+90+7 4) 45789 means 40 000 + +700+80+9 5) 68413means + A - Keep Moving! ero A. Write the number represented by each of the following on your paper, 1) 50000 + 2000 + 400+ 70+2= 2) 90000 + 1000 + 700 +0 3) 80000 +500 +20 +4 4) 20000 + 3000+ 400+ 10+3 5) 30000 +4000+00 +40+3= 8B. In the number 45 678, write in your notebook the digit in the given place value. 1. Tens place 2. Thousands place 3. Hundreds place 4. Ten thousands place 5. Ones place C. Write the value of the underlined digit. 1) 78.426 2) 49673 3) 86 594 4) 97 428 5) 100 000“ Apply Your Skills! A. Use the digits 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 only once for problems 1 to 4. 1, Write the greatest number possible with 8 in the ten thousands place. 2. Write the least number possible with 5 in the thousands place. 3. Write the greatest number possible with 7 jn the ten thousands place. 4. Write the least number possible with 6 in the thousands place, B. In which number does 7 have the greater value? 1)72 509 or 87 999 6) 67 495 or 43 756 2) 56 769 or 76 813 7) 75 345 or 97 345 3) 45 271 or 345723 8) 23578 or 43745 4) 87 009 or 97 436 9) 67 234 or 76345 5) 98790 or 73418 10) 89 734 or 16 879Lesson 4: Reading and Writing Numbers up to 100 000 in Symbols and in Words Explore and Discover! donated three seedlings to each pupil in Region 2. The total number of seedlings donated was 64 621. How do you read and write the number 64 821 in words and in symbol? The number 64 821 is read as “sixty-four thousand eight hundred twenty-one.” In symbol, it is 64 821. Get Moving! A. Write the missing number between the given numbers. Then, read these numbers. 1) 45456 45 458 2) 78 890 78 892 3) 67 123 67 125 4) 89 542 89 544 5) 56 899 56 901 B. Write the following numbers in words. 1) 18 980 4) 67 924 2) 24 650 5) 79 346 3) 56 087 6) 90 542C. Rewrite the numbers correctly by putting a space in the correct places in column A. In column B write the number in words. Number Column A Column B 23500 20078 56480 75369 89146 87000 Keep Moving! Write the numbers in symbols. 1. Fifty-five thousand sixteen 2. Sixty-seven thousand two hundred three 3. Eighty-four thousand nine 4, Fifty-seven thousand two 5. Forty-one thousand seventy Write the following numbers in words. 1) 79.456 2) 99 101 3) 45 900 4) 78 008 5) 80 009a Apply Your Skills! A. 1. What is the largest 5-digit number having different digits? Write iL in symbols and in words. 2, What is the number next to 76 3687 Write it in symbol and in words: B. Complete the table by writing the missing symbols and words. SYMBOL WORDS 36.008 Seventy-six thousand three Forty-five thousand twenty-one Fifty-seven thousand fifty Thirty thousand two hundred thirty-eight | [Vee = ght thousand ten Sixt in thousand two hundred three: Eleven thousand six hundred 91 765 aLesson 5: Rounding Numbers to the Nearest Thousands and Ten Thousands Explore and Discover! ? The diameter of the Earth at the equator _~ Y \ is about 12 756 kilometers. ] About how many thousand kilometers is the diameter of the Earth at the equator? You can find the answer by rounding 12 756 to the nearest thousands. Study the number line below. 12756 12000 12100 12200 12300 12.400 12500 1260012700 12800 12900 13000 To which number is 12 756 closer, 12 000 or 13 G00? Since 12 756 is closer to 13 000, you can say that 12 756 becomes 13 000 when rounded to the nearest thousands. Hence, the diameter of the Earth at the equator is about 13 000 kilometers. Rounded to Number: Thousands Ten Thousands 24 000 20 000 39000 40 000 43 000 40 000 95 000 100 000 79 000 80 000 50 000 50 000In rounding numbers, identify the rounding place first. If the digit to the right of the rounding place is below 5, round the number down by changing the rest of the digits to the right into zero. If the digit to the right of the rounding place is 5 or greater, round the number up by changing the rest of the digits to the right Into zero and adding 1 to the digit in the rounding place. - ele Set Movingl Round each number to the place value of the underlined digit. 1) 67436 2) 34673 3) 87 567 4) 82562 5) 34.982 Complete the table. N Round to the Nearest ums Thousands | Ten Thousands 1) 25 734 3) 4) 67 456 | 5) 95 346 | 6) 46 789 | 7) 98 654 | | | l 4567, 8) 34675 9) 97 456 10) 69 256- Keep Moving! es Encircle the numbers that can be rounded to the given number. 4) 78 000 [ 78 124 | 77 473 | 77 678 | 78 439 | 77 342 2) 20.000 19345 [21 234 | 16 732 | 24 782 | 14 375 | 3) 100 000 98324 [94 967 | 96 972] 93 896 | 94 567] 4) 92.000 92 765 | 91.876 | 92657 | 92314 | 91 786 5) 65.000 64534 | 65871 | 64.832 | 64835 | 65 356 Round to the highest place value. 1) 4567 - 6) 45 123 - 2) 67 452 - 7) 95 678 - 3) 98 456 - 8) 23 409 - 4) 36 234 - 9) 82 456 - 5) 36 784 - 10) 98 123 - ea ~/ Apply Your Skills! A. Read and write the answers in your notebook. 1. What number, whose sum of its digits is 26, becomes 6000 when rounded to the nearest thousands? List 3 possible anwers. 142. Anumber rounds off to 4000. The digit in the hundreds place is twice the digit in the tens place. The sum of the digits is 12. The number uses only two different digits. Find the number. B. Complete the table. Greatest Number Rounded Number Least Number 30.000 45 000 50 000 70 000 8000 C. Read the problem and complete the table below. Mrs. Go bought the following items for her new house in Isa- bela: Php48,645 Php8,634 Php24,567 Php27,345 Php6,452 Television Cabinet Refrigerator SalaSet Dining Set Copy the price of each item. Then, round each to the nearest thousands and ten thousands. Item Price | Thousands | Ten Thousands Television Cabinet Refrigerator Sala Set Dining SetLesson 6: Comparing Numbers up to 100 000 Using Relational Symbols Ss Explore and Discover! ~ Mang Mario is a farmer. Last year, 9! he harvested 13 656 kilograms of palay. (Ju j Ji This year, he harvested 13 465 kilograms , ae ot palay ry te How many kilograms of palay did Mang Mario harvest last year? This year? Which year did he harvest more? How will you compare the given numbers? Which year did he harvest more? ‘When comparing two digit numbers, you can follow these steps: 1. Align the digits with the same place value. 2. Starting from the left, compare the digits in each place value. 3. The first pair of digits that are of different values will determine which number is greater or less. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 13656 same digits |13656 same digits }13656 sincos>4, In the in the t 13656 >13 4665 43 4665 ten thousands [13465 thousands |143 465 place place Therefore, 13 656 > 13 465. So, Mang Mario harvested more palay last year than this year. 16A. Write the column with the correct comparison. A B 100 000 < 90 000 _|76000< 80000 /|90100>91 000 90785 >78785 |84359<74359 |71450<81 450 76 500 > 79500 |95000< 98000 /|80 000 < 79 000 90 000 > 92000 [92500<95500 /|81000>89000 83 000 < 75 000 _|87400> 84400 |82000<79 500 78 600 < 88 600_|79500> 80000 |79200>71 900 76 556 > 85 556 [88 100>86100 |79 400 > 81 000 B. Which number is greater? Write your answers in your notebook. 1)23456 32345 5)34567 89456 2)78675 78765 6) 87345 87099 3)45897 45987 7)99 781 99824 4) 87324 78.456 C. Which number is less? Write your answers in your notebook. 1) 67890 67089 5) 87672 90009 2)21456 31 567 6)35609 35435 3)56 789 56567 7)89123 89765 4)98456 98 654 8)59 234 68213 o Keep Moving! eo Write C if the number sentence is correct and W if it is wrong. 1) 5 thousand, 4 hundred two = 5402 2) 11 389 > 11 000 + 300+ 90+8 3) 9749 = 9000 + 700 + 90 + 4 4) 24 567 < 24 567 5) 78 thousand, one = 78 0016) 17 000 + 800 +50 +9 = 17 859 7) 23 999 > 32 999 8) 30 100 < 30.001 9) 48 675 = 47 675 + 1000 10) 58 678 = 56 678 ©“, Apply Your Skills! Solve and check. It is possible that your answer is not a number. 1. There were 30 123 people at the PBA Championship Games. at the Araneta Coliseum on Friday and 32 450 on Sunday. On which day were there more people? 2. Ata certain game show, contestant A won Php40,000 while contestant B won Php50,000. Who won the lesser amount of money? 3. Write all the 5-digit numbers that you can form using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 only once. Which of these numbers are greater than 50 0007Lesson 7: Ordering Numbers up to 100 000 Explore and Discover! Look at the numbers in the clothesline. How are they arranged, in increasing or decreasing order? How do we arrange numbers in increasing order? How about in decreasing order? To arrange numbers in increasing or decreasing order, first pick any two numbers and compare them starting from left to right. Find out which one is greater or less, then put them in correct order. Then, pick another number and compare it with the one of the first two numbers you picked. Then, put them in order accordingly. Do the same with the other numbers. o eo Get Moving! Arrange the following in increasing order. [23.456] [23145] [23523] [23034 [s9.000] [93.000] [100 000] [95 000 ig [s5345] [e578] [65234] [65 765 = [24001] [34100] [34010] 4000} Ss 58345) [58734] [58293] (58456) oFArrange in decreasing order, {98 000 *> [ 95 000 >> f100 000/99 000 32.000 *> [39 000»; [34 000 [35 000 >» 2373 >| 2323 >| 2357 > 2345 51023 > |51 203 >|51320 >|51 401 45089 >> 45 723 >> 45 204 /45 652 > o eo Keep Moving! Below are the number of registered voters in the five barangays of Alicia, Isabela. Barangay Paddad = 17 356 Barangay Sto. Tomas = 13 008 Barangay Rizal = 19 034 Barangay Sta. Cruz = 11 345 Barangay Calaocan = 15 456 Which barangay has the most number of voters?. Which barangay has the least number of voters?. Arrange the number of registered voters in decreasing order.ea A. Write the following numbers in the ladder box (67 567; 67 123; 67 745; 67 345; 67 452). Start with the number with the greatest value. Start here mam Apply Your Skills! B. Write the following numbers in the ladder box (89 234; 82 345; 87 543; 84 945; 88 654). Start with the number with the least value. Start here => Cc. id and answer the following. 1. A municipality is implementing a tree-planting activity. It has 4678 Narra seedlings, 12 794 Mahogany seedlings, and 14 067 Acacia seedlings. Arrange the number of seedlings in increasing order. 2. A subdivision has some residential lots available for sale. The lots measure 1250 square meters, 2560 square meters, 2400 square meters, and 3480 square meters. Arrange the numbers in decreasing order. 3. Using the digits 1, 7, 9, 4, 0, and 5 once, what is the a. greatest number that can be formed? b. least number that can be formed? 21CHAPTER 2 MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION OF WHOLE NUMBERS This chapter provides you with more opportunities to multiply and divide whole numbers which you learned in the previous grades. It also provides you with varied activities on estimating products and quotients, as well as multiplying and dividing whole numbers mentally. This chapter also allows you to apply your problem-solving skills in solving one-step and multi-steps routine and nonroutine problems involving multiplication and division, including addition and subtraction of whole numbers. Aside from applying your skills in solving problems, you will also create your own problems involving multiplication and division of whole numbers including money.Lesson 8: Multiplying Numbers up to Three Digits by Numbers up to Two Digits without Regrouping 2 Explore and Discover! , There are 323 bananas in a basket. ‘How many bananas are there in 32 baskets? What is asked for in the problem? ‘What operation are you going to use? How will you solve the given problem? To solve the problem, you need to multiply 323 by 32. The number sentence is 32 x 323 =n ‘Study the solution below using the place value chart. Step 1: Multiply 3 hundreds, 2 tens, and 3 ones by 2 ones. Th H T oO 3 2 3 x 3 2 6 4 6 = 2x323 Step 2: Multiply 3 hundreds, 2 tens and 3 ones by 3 tens. Th H T oO 3 2 3 x 3 2 6 4 6 9 6 9 0 & 30x 323Step 3: Add the partial products. <= Partial Product = Partial Product & Final Product So, there are 10 336 bananas in 32 baskets. Study the short method: 323 x32 646 * multiply 323 x2 +968 | 323x3 Add the partial products 10 336 al produ Leave the ones place blank > Get Moving! fe) 2 A. Complete the table. x 3 [2 13 34 | 22 [726 32 133 213 2769 323 113 | 1469 233 L_ 7688 25B. Multiply: 1) 34 2) 422 © 3) 123 x12 x 2 x33 o ee Keep Moving! 4) 324 5) 233 x13 A. Match the product in column A with the multiplication sentence in column B. Write the letter of the answer in your notebook. A B 1) 9072 2) 5082 3) 7424 4) 4389 5) 1608 A. 133 x 33 B. 432x 21 c. D. E. 134 x 12 . 232 x 32 » 231x 22 B. Multiply, then use the code below to answer this riddle. “I have two hands, but no arms.” 1) 322 2) 342 3) 894 «32 x22 xt 7)214-8)321.—s 9) 314 x12 x22 x23 Code: 4) 1445) 211 6) 231 x22 x33 x32 10)2321 11) 2354 12) 222 A Cc | K IL 7524 | 7062 |10 304] 5328 | 7153 i) Y 7392 | 3168C. Use the poster to compute the cost of each order. Apair of pants ——Php312 Jacket ——-———Php1,232 MART ONE: Polo shirt ——————Php214 Cap Order Slip Item Quantity Cost Polo shirt 23 T-shirt 33 Pants 12 Jacket 1 Cap 32 D. You can do better. Get the products. 1) 234 ©. 2) 321.3) 434. 4) 112,45) 3:22 x23 x 32 x_22 x34 x 21 Apply Your Skills! Read and solve: 1. Mr. Cruz has a coconut plantation. There are 323 coconut trees in a row. If there are 32 rows, how many coconut trees are there in all? 2. Mr. Basabica sold 13 boxes of buttons. If each box contained 23 buttons, how many buttons did he sell? a73. Ingrid spends Php800 a week. How much does she spend in five months or 20 weeks? 4. Mario pays Php1,250 a month for his room rental. How much does he pay in 11 months? 5. Mrs. Guillermo buys 22 kilograms of chicken for the 17th birthday party of her daughter. If a kilogram of chicken costs Php134, how much does Mrs. Guillermo pay for the chicken? 28Lesson 9: Multiplying Numbers up to Three Digits by Numbers up to Two Digits with Regrouping ie, Explore and Discover! There are 945 members from Barangay Masikap. If each member contributed 35 packs of noodles for the victims of typhoon Glenda, how many packs of noodles were collected? How do we solve the problem? To solve the problem, you need to mney, 945 by 35. The number sentence is 35 x 945 = a. Using the place value chart TT [th |H |T [O 2 1 1 4A 2 2 1{2]4fe 1 x |3|5 4 7 2 5 |*—5 x 945 Partial product 2. 8 3 5 0 /+—30 x945 Partial product 3 3 ol1|7 (5 Final product b. Using the short method " Multiply 945 Multiply 045 oss ARTE, ag MRED, cas X35 theproductis 10 x 35 the productis 10 x 35 A726 oe 4725 mere. 4725 Add the partial 28350 +2835 Products. 33 075 29c. Using the lattice method, draw a 3 by 2 rectangle and position the factors as shown below. 94 5 HEB : Multiply each digit above by each digit on the side. Write the digits’ product as shown: 9 45 Ea ds Pols Add down the numbers along the diagonals. Regroup if necessary. 3/2 7]"2 3[4 5]? o| o 7 nw lore The answer, read counter clockwise, is 33 075. Here are other examples using the long and short methods. 7 48=40+8 48 146 = 100 + 40+6 = x9 = + 360+72=432 432 400 + 160 + 24 i +6000 + 2400 +360 146 ‘6000 + 2800 + 520 + 24 = 9344 x 64 584 (4x 146) + 876 9344g eo A. Multiply using the lattice method. 1) 345 x 42 FA 4) 624.x24 FHA B. Find the products using the short method. Get Moving! 1)234 -2)519--3)672— 4) 754 x4 x8 x23 x45 o co Keep Moving! In each blank egg, write the product of the numbers shown in the two eggs below it. 31“ Apply Your Skillst Answer the following exercises: 1. Add 432 to the product of 318 and 12. What is the sum? 2. What is 383 subtracted from the product of 357 and 287 3. Ifthe numbers to be muttiplied are 318 and 36, what is the product? 4, What is 273 added to the product of 47 and 387 5. Multiply the largest 3-digit number by the smallest 2-digit number. What is the product? Read and solve the following: 1. Aschool librarian receives Php436 a day. How much does: she eam in a month excluding Sundays assuming that there are 30 days in a month? 2. Afarmer has 98 chickens. He has 98 times as many ducks as he has chickens. How many ducks does he have? 3. Ingrid Faye receives a daily allowance of Php185. How much does she receive in 30 days?Lesson 10: Estimating the Products of 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 2- to 3-Digit Numbers Explore and Discover! > If one kaing holds 272 atises, about how many atises are there in 21 kaing? How will you solve for the answer to the given problem? The phrase “about how many” does not ask for an actual answer but an estimate. You will estimate the product to solve for the answer. Study the solution below. Round each of the factors to its highest place value; then multiply the rounded numbers. 272: ————~ 300 x21 ———~> x20 6000 Answer: There are about 6000 atises in 21 kaing. You can find the actual product to check if the estimated product is reasonable. 272 x21 272 — 272x1 #5440 ——~ 272 x 20 5712 —— actual product Notice that the estimated product is close to the actual product. 33? i. Get Moving! eo . Estimate the product. Then, find the actual product and compare it with the estimated product. Do this in your notebook. 41) 345 2) 6345 3) 678 x34 x24 4345 4) 894 5) 6567 6) 789 x24 x34 %.360 7) 3678 8) 2345 9) 567 x47 x_365 x36 o Keep Moving! co Find a number in Box N and a number in Box C which will give each of these estimated products. Item 1 is already done for you. Box N Box C 251 389 356 345 514 13 623 35 2567 6345 8456 8678 671 45 81 23 365 6834 735 145 56 671 32 43 1) 18000 2) +4000 3) 60 000 ee hn N=56- 60 N= : N= =4) 240 000 5) 270000 6) 6000 c= N= Apply Your Skills! A. Estimate each product. Then, compare the two estimated products, Write the correct symbol >, <, or = in the circle. 1) 3456 x 34 2)457 x 563 3) 7291 x 36 2734 x 36 435 x 532 7554 x 41 8. Read and solve. 1. Will there be more or fewer zeros in the product when you multiply 30 x BOO than when you multiply 50 x 8007 Explain, 2. How many zeros will be in the product of 500 and 700? What is the product? 3. Forty-three Grade 4 pupils of Odizes Schoo! of Achievers paid Php3,860 for the Boy Scouts’ Jamboree in Baguio Cily. Estimate how much money was collected.Lesson 11: Multiplying Mentally 2-Digit by 1-Digit Numbers with Products up to 200 2! : Explore and Discover! How will you mentally multiply 2-digit by 1-digit numbers? Study the example. Multiply 3 x 48 mentally. Here's how to do it. Solution 1: Mentally multiply the ones. 3x8 Mentally multiply the tens by ones. 3x 40 Mentally add the partial products. 24 +120 Solution 2: By using the Distributive Property mentally 3x 48 = (3x 40) + (3x 8) 120 + 24 = 144 Study these: What number do you need to complete each product? 45 58 35 19 “4 x3 x2 x5 oO _4 0 5~ eo Mentally solve the products of the following: Get Moving! 1) 36-2) 48. 3) SOs 4) 2H—C«*85) «3 x x x5 x4 x3 x7 x6 - Keep Moving! ero With the use of activity sheets, give the products of the following: 1) 26 4«-2) 34 3) 76 = 4) 5B 85) 19 xz x5 x2 x3 xz ‘|. Apply Your Skills! Read the problems and mentally solve for the answers. 1. There are 34 raisins in every bowl of cereal. How many raisins are there in 3 bowls? How about in 4 bowls? 2. A zebra has 78 stripes. How many stripes are there on 2 zebras? How about on 3 zebras? 37Lesson 12: Multiplying Mentally 2-Digit by 2-Digit Numbers with Products up to 200 2/ Explore and Discovert How do you get the product of 2-digit by 2-digit numbers mentally? For example: 12 x 14. Here's how to do it. Do these steps in your mind. Step 1: Multiply the multiplicand 14 by the ones in the multiplier. x12 2x14=28 * = Step 2: Multiply the multiplicand Sr by the tens in the multiplier. 10x14 = 140 Step 3: Add the partial products. 28 +140 = 168 You can use the distributive property to get the product mentally. 12x14 =12x(10+4) = (12x10) +(12x4) = 120 + 48 = 168 e@ 8 Get Moving! Mentally solve the following: 14 12 1 16 13 x10 x15 x12 xt xit 38o re Keep Moving! Mentally find the products of the following: 18 14 12 13 ak x100¢=C XM xe XM KS x12 a 13 1 12 15 «13 xii x13 x12 Apply Your Skills! Read the problems, then solve them mentally. 1. Each class in a school has 14 reading books. If there are 12 classes in the school, how many reading books are there in all? . There are 15 seats In each row of the concert hall. How many seats are there if there are 12 rows? . Apile contains 16 books. How many books are there in 11 piles? . A box contains 12 pieces of chocolates. Mother bought 13 boxes. How many pieces of chocolates were bought in all? . Alvin shared his guavas with his 12 friends. If each of his friends received 14 guavas, how many guavas did Alvin share in all?Lesson 13: Solving Routine and Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Multiplication of Whole Numbers Including Money 2) Explore and Discover! Agroup of factory workers can wrap 830 candies an hour. How many candies can they wrap in 72 hours? To analyze and solve the problem, you can use these steps: A. Understand 41. Read and understand the problem. 2. Know what is asked for in the problem. The number of candies that a group of factory workers can wrap in 72 hours 3. Find the necessary information. The given facts are: 830 candies an hour; 72 hours B. Plan Determine the operation to be used. Multiplication Write the number sentence. 72 x 830 =n C. Solve Solve using the operation. 830 D. Check and Look Back 1660 +5810, See if your answer makes sense. 59 760 State the complete answer. A group of workers can wrap 59 760 candies in 72 hours. 40Study this problem. The street lights are 25 meters apart. If there are 10 street lights, what is the distance from the first street light to the last ‘street light? You can solve by drawing an illustration first. beet tt Ist 2nd 3rd 4th Sth 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th Since there are 9 spaces between the lights, you multiply 9x25 =225m. So, the distance between the first and last street lights is 225 m. 26 Get Moving! Solve the following problems. Show your solutions. 1. The Vera’s flower farm produces 256 roses a day. Ifa flower costs Php25, how much is the sale of Vera’s flower farm in a day? 2. Tiles cost Php45 each. Find the cost to tile the word below. MOD 3. Tiles are sold by the box of 10 pieces. A box of tiles costs Php480. If Mr. Cruz needs 547 pieces of tiles for his apartment, how much will he spend? 4Moving! FA ae A. Use the table to answer the following questions: . How much are two orders of spaghetti? ROD'S CANTEEN . How much are three orders MENU of lasagna? ‘Spaghetti How much will Ana pay for sana prea four orders of pancit? Lasagna Php30- ‘How much will Jane pay for Puto Php 8 How much will you pay for Cheeseburger Phpi4 threeorders ofcheeseburger? Hamburger Php12 Pineapple Juice Php10 two orders of hamburger, | Bicehbeséce Preto two glasses of buko juice, and five orders of puto? B. Solve the following problems. Show your solutions. 1. Asari-sari store sells 1525 bottles of soda in a month. Ifa bottle costs Php15, how much is the sale of the sari-sari store in a month? . The Department of Health distributes 1255 medicine kits to every town ina certain region. How many medicine kits will be distributed, if there are 16 towns in that region? Use a graphing paper to write your name in block letters like in # 2 under Get Moving. Find out how much it would cost to tile your name using the same unit cost. T-shirts are sold on a “Buy 1-Take 1” basis. fa shirt costs Php120, how much will you pay for 10 T-shirts? a2e& ~| Apply Your Skills! Challenge yourself with more problems. Read each problem, and solve for the answer . 1. In a@ mini concert, the ticket booth sald 585 booklets. Each booklet has 100 tickets. Ifa ticket costs Php20.00. how much is the total sale of the booth? 2. Write the words LITER and GRAM on graphing paper. Let a classmate guess the value of the each word if it is tiled at Php45 per tile. 43Lesson 14: Solving Multistep Routine and Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Multiplication and Addition or Subtraction a Explore and Discover! » Mang Tony harvested 12 500 ears of corn from each of the12 plots of his farm, while Mang Ambo harvested 8540 ears of corn from each of the 18 plots of his farm. Who harvested more ears of corn? To analyze and solve the problem, you can do these steps: A. Understand 1. Read and understand the problem 2. Know what Is asked for in the problem. The farmer who harvested more ears of corn 3. Know the hidden information. The number of ears of com Mang Tony harvested. The number of ears of com Mang Ambo harvested. 4. Find the necessary information. The given facts are: 12 500 ears of corn from each of the12 pilots; 6540 ears of corn from each of the 18 plots B. Plan 1. Determine the operations to be used. Multiplication and Subtraction 2. Write the number sentences for the hidden questions. 12 x 12 500 =n, 18 x 8540 =n.C. Solve Solveusing the operations, then compare the harvests of ‘the 2 farmers. D. Check and Look back See if your answer makes sense. 153 720 is bigger than 150 000. State the complete answer. Mang Ambo harvested more ears of com than Mang Tony. ° << Get Moving! er 12 500 x12 25 000 +125 000 450 000 Mang Tony’s harvest 8540 x18 68 320 + 153 720 Mang Ambo's harvest Use the table to answer these questions. 1, How much will two TV sets cost? 2. Mr. Limos bought two wall fans and a DVD player. How much did he spend? 3. Aling Tina bought a washing machine and two DVD players. How much change did she receive from her Php20,000? — Keep Moving! eo. Appliances SALE! Vv : Php12,150 Refrigerator : Php13,999 Washing Machine — : Php 11,650 Wall Fan — : Php1,895 DVD Player : Php3,875 Solve the following problems. Use any strategy to solve. 4. Ariel can make 123 hangers in 5 days, while Lito can make 210 hangers in 10 days. Who makes more hangers in 10 days?2. Beth's mother can sew 235 pairs of short pants in 6 days, while Lourdes can sew 187 pairs in 8 days. How many more pairs of short pants can Beth's mother sew? 3. In a parking lot for motorcycles and automobiles, Arthur counted 160 wheels in all. How many and automobiles could Arthur have seen in all? (List at jeast 2 possible answers.) 4. Eight persons can be seated at a rectangular table. How Many persons can sit in two rectangular tables that were placed side by side? 5. Nelson can plant 143 pechay seedlings in & plots in a day. Alex can plant 96 pechay seedlings in 13 plots in a day. Who can plant more pechay seedlings? 6. Rose can finish 18 pieces of embroidery in four days. Andrea can embroider 22 pieces in two days. How many More pieces of embroidery can Andrea make than Rose in four days? ° Apply Your Skills! Challenge yourself with more problems. Salve the following problems. Show your solutions. 1. Find the value of the word MATHEMATICS by using the letter values below. AEIOU | BCD | FGH fate PQRST ane | 100 io | 20 30 40 2. There are 86 400 seconds in a day. How many seconds are there in 20 days?Lesson 15: Creating Problems Involving Multiplication and Addition or Subtraction of Whole Numbers Including Money Explore and Discover! » Alex and his friend sold these numbers of bottles: 106 large bottles at three pesos each and 157 small bottles at two pesos each. They spent Php350 for their school supplies. How will you create a problem given the information above? You can create a problem using the following guide. 1. Familiarize yourselfwith the conceptof addition, subtraction, and multiplication. 2. Think of the problem you want to create and the operations to be used in solving the problem. 3. Read other examples of problems. Study them and their solutions. Study the following problem created with the information above. Alex and his friends sald 106 large bottles at Php3 each and 157 small bottles at Php2 each. They spent Php350 for their school supplies. How much money was left with them? Can you create a word problem for the given information below? 5 big baskets with 145 atises in a basket 8 small baskets with 75 atises in a basket 200 atises were sold 47e ps Get Moving! eo . Create a word problem based on each situation below. Write your answers in your notebook. 4800 bottles manufactured each day 1. 16 days a week, Php15 per bottle 365 cookies baked in the morming 2. |373 cookies baked in the afternoon 526 cookies sold at Php5 each = eo Create a word problem using the following information. Keep Moving! 3200 newspapers published per hour; 12 hours 4. | @day; newspapers produced in a week 2, | Php8,500 per square meter; 125 square meters 2 Apply Your Skills! Challenge yourself with more exercises. Create a word problem using the following information. 3250 customers are served every day, average 4, | of Php125 paid per customer; total sale for a month 2, | Monthly salary of Php19,640; Php8,570 deduction “| per month; income per year after the deduction 48Lesson 16: Dividing a 3- to 4-Digit Number by a 1-Digit Number without and with Remainder y Explore and Discover! , The Municipal Mayor received a donation of 7637 kilograms of rice distributed equally to 7 barangays affected by typhoon Glenda. How many kilograms of rice did each barangay receive? How will you solve for the answer to the problem? To solve for the answer, you divide: 7637 + 7 Study the following solution. Step 1 * Divide: 7 +7 = 1. Write 1 in the 1091 thousands place of the quotient 7)7637 * Multiply: 1x 7=7 + Subtract: 7-7=0 Step 2 * Bring down the hundreds digit in the dividend: 6 Divide: 6 + 7 (We cannot divide since 7 is bigger than 6.) + Write 0 in the hundreds place of the quotient. * Bring down the tens digit in the dividend: 3 * Divide: 63 + 7 = 9. Write 9 in the tens place of the quotient. + Subtract: 63 - 63 =0 on B?Step 3 * Bring down the ones digit in the dividend: 7 + Divide: 7 + 7 = 1. Write 1 in the ones place of the quotient + Multiply: 1x7 =7 * Subtract: 7 -7=0 Answer: Each barangay received 1091 kilograms of rice. If there are 8 barangays to be given rice, how many kilograms of rice will each barangay receive? Step 1 + Divide: 76 + 8 = 9. Write 9 in the 954 1.5 hundreds place of the quotient. 8)7637 + Multiply: 9 x 8 = 72 ay + Subtract: 76-72 = 4 A0_ Step 2 37 + Bring down the tens digit in the 32 dividend: 3 0 + Divide: 43 + 8 = 5. Write 5 in the tens place of the quotient. + Multiply: 5x 8 = 40 + Subtract: 43 -—40=3 Step 3 * Bring down the ones digit in the dividend:7 + Divide: 37 + 8 = 4. Write 4 in the ones place of the quotient. + Multiply: 4 x 8 = 32 + Subtract: 37 - 32 =5 Write 5 in the quotient as the remainder. Step 4 + Check your answer. You can use a calculator. + Multiply: 954 x 8 = 7 632 + Add: 7632 + 5 (remainder) = 7637 50Answer: Each barangay will receive 954 kilograms of rice. There will be 5 kilograms of rice left. 2 fe Get Moving! €@ . Divide the following: 1) 847+7 6) 4369+5 2) 968+8 7) 6788+9 3) 6884+4 8) 5263+7 4) B46+6 9) 5098+6 5) 7208+4 10) 5258+8 a Keep Moving! eo Find the quotient of the following. You can use a calculator to check, 1) 806+6 9) 875+7 2) 972+3 10) 4125+9 3) 6305 +5 11) 1340+9 4) 968+4 12) 4328+5 5) 9092+3 13) 4832 +7 6) 789+6 14) 5276 +4 7) 2056 +8 15) 6180+8 8) 3462+9 16) 7912+6 51a Apply ‘Your Skillst Salve the follawing problems. i, Areligious organization donated 378 canned goods for the victims of typhoon Glenda. if there were 9 families, how many canned goods did each family receive? There are 1032 Mathematics books delivered to the library. How many books will be placed in one bookshelf if there are 8 bookshelves? }. Abdul paid Php1,240 for 8 T-shirts. How much did each shirt cost? Alexandra used 180 beads for making 6 bracelets. How many beads were used for each bracelet? Jack has a collection of 438 marbles. If he will place the marbles equally in & bottles, how many marbles will be in each bottle? }. Alice received Php3,456 for working 8 days in a factory. How much was she paid per day?Lesson 17 Dividing 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 2-Digit Numbers without and with Remainder Explore and Discover! The Rotary Club of Cavite distributed 7380 packages of groceries for families in some barangays. Each barangay received 36 packages. How many barangays were served? How will you solve this problem? You can find its answer by using this solution. Step 1 + Determine where to place the first digit in the quotient. + Divide: 73 + 36 = 2. Write the first digit in the hundreds place. 205 + Multiply: 2x 36 = 72 y iply: 2 x 38) 7220 + Subtract: 73-72=1 22 180 Step 2 180 + Bring down the tens digit in the 0 dividend: & + Divide: 18 + 36 (We cannot divide since divisor is bigger than the dividend.) + Put0 in the quotient next to 2. Step 3 * Bring down the ones digit in the dividend: 0 Divide: 180 + 36 =5 Write 5 next to 0 in the quotient. Multiply: 5 x 36 = 180 Subtract: 180 - 180 =0 Answer: There were 205 barangays served. 53How will you solve this problem? Within a period of five years, 4224 hectares of denuded areas were reforested by 75 volunteer agencies. If the volunteer agencies reforested equal number of hectares, how many hectares were reforested by each volunteer agency? How many hectares were not reforested? You can solve this by using this solution. Solution: Step 1 + Divide: 422+ 75=5 56 1.24 + Multiply: 5 x 75 = 375. 75)4224 * Subtract: 422 - 375 = 47 375 (5X 75=375) 474 ae - 450 (6 x 75=450) * Bring down the ones digit 24 — remainder of the dividend: 4 + Divide: 474 +75=6 + Multiply: 6 x 75 = 450 + Subtract: 474 - 450 = 24 (remainder) Answers: Each volunteer agency reforested 56 hectares. There were 24 hectares that were not reforested. ° Get Moving! Find the quotient. 1) 5628 + 28 6) 1879+75 2) 5725 +27 7) 5236 +18 3) 4593 + 45 8) 2652 + 26 4) 7650 +75 9) 6440 +32 5) 6738 + 32 10) 9084 + 45 54o co Keep Moving! Find the quotient. You can use a calculator to check if your answers are correct. 1) 2396 +51 6) 2124+12 2) 8688 + 12 7) 1593 + 15 3) 1254 +52 8) 9140 +35 4) 1032 + 86 9) 5784 +46 5) 3115 +62 10) 6592 + 32 Apply Your Skills! Read each problem, then solve. 1. The 1430 chickens in Oasis farm can consume 22 kilograms of feeds a day. How many chickens can consume a kilogram of feeds a day? 2. The 1248 pupils and teachers of Sandiat Elementary Schoo! will go on a field trip. Buses to be hired have 52 seats each. How many buses will they hire? 3. Cynthia and her mother packed 1560 kilograms of rice in small plastic bags. How many plastic bags were used if ach bag contained 15 kilograms? 4. Mrs. Acio receives Php3,500 for 25 hours of tutorial service. How much does she charge her student per hour? 5. Mr. Karim ordered 375 kilograms of dried fish packed in bags of 25 kilograms each. How many bags of dried fish were delivered to Mr. Karim? 55Lesson 18: Dividing 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 10, 100, or 1000 without Remainder Explore and Discover! A stadium that needs 5000 chairs is being constructed for a city. If the chairs will be arranged in 10 rows, how many chairs are there in a row? If the chairs are to be arranged in 100 rows, how many chairs will there be in a row? How about arranging the chairs in 1000 rows that are grouped by section, how many chairs will there be in a row? Study the solution below. 1) 500 2) 50 3) 5 1)5009 19@)5090 1999)5000 = 500 =50_ a5 0 0 0 Therefore: 5009+ 19 = 500 5000+ 199 = 50 5999 + 1998 = 5 Compare the number of zeros in the dividend and divisor. Then, look at the number of zeros in the quotient. Also compare the dividend and the quotient. What pattern can you find? When dividing a number by 10, 100, or 1000, you cancel or remove as many zeros in the dividend as there are in the divisor. The remaining digits in the dividend is the quotient.* eo Get Moving! ‘A. Complete the spaces with the correct quotient. 7 {+1000 }" a < 8700 a o Keep Moving! eo Complete the table. Dividend | Divisor {Quotient || Dividend | Divisor | Quotient 5670 10 100 25 7600 100 8000 8 1000 1000 9040 10 5000 1000 7000 7 2000 1000 100 26 87ea Apply Your Skills! Answer sach question correctly. How many 10s are there in 5520? How many 100s ars there in 11007 . _How many 1000s are there in 39 0007 How many 100-peso bills will you need to change a 1000 peso bill? 5. The pencil factory has rush orders from 10 stores. The factory has a stock of 55 000 pencils. If the stores will be given equal number of pencils, how many pencils will each store get? Will all the pencils be given? Why? 6. If a pair of slippers costs Php100, how many pairs of slippers can one buy with Php8007 7. I want to change my two 1000-peso bills to 25 pieces: ‘of 20 peso bills and the rest will be 100-peso bills. How many 100-peso bills will | have? 8. How many 1000-peso bills will make Php1,000,0007 9, How many 100-peso bills will make Php1,000,000?7 10. How many 10-peso coins will make Php1,000,0007 ensLesson 19: Dividing 3- to 4-Digit Numbers by 10, 100, or 1000 with Remainder Explore and Discover! , Study the following number sentences. A B 2475+10 =2476.5 8932+10 =893r.2 2475+100 =24r.75 8932+100 =89r. 32 2475 + 1000 = 21. 475 8932 + 1000 =8 r. 932 Can you tell the pattern? Look at the divisors in set A. Compare the number of zeros in the divisors and the number of digits in the remainder. What have you noticed? Look at set B. Compare the divisor and the quotient especially the remainder of each division sentence. Have you discovered some pattems? Can you try this? What pattern did you discover? a) 3087+ 10=n b) 3087+ 100=n c) 3087+ 1000=n e by, Get Moving! eo a Copy the following in your notebook. Then, find the quotient. 1) 234+10 = 6) 4054+10 = 2) 591+100 7) 6205+ 1000= 3) 642+10 8) 3120+100 = 4) 209+ 10 9) 5895+ 1000 5) 169+ 101 10) 9999 + 100% 8@=© Keep Moving! Copy the following in your notebook. Write the missing digits in the box. qd 230.7 1. 100 367 6 1too0fTTH nor 71.123 2 105852 7, 1000 TTT oo 31.54 3, 1052514 a. 1007TT) OO 41.143 4, 1007935 9 1000 ITT te 2r. 120 5, 1000 8463 10, 1000 oot Apply Your Skills! A. Complete the table. Dividend +10 = + 100 + 1000 1. 148 2. 2763 3._ 1297 4. 376 5.8829 6._3841 EE 2127 8.148 9.3847 40. 4389B. Replace the letter N with the correct number, 1) 333+N =33r.3 6) 2879+ 10=N 2) N+100=5r.99 7) 5602 +N=56r.2 3) 822+10 =N 8) N+100 =75r.5 4) N+ 100 = 23 r. 67 9) 7407 +N=74r.7 5) 467+N=46r.7 10) 10 567 + 1000 = N C. Solve the following problems. 1. Mrs. Malonzo withdrew Php9,850 from a bank. The cashier gave the money in Php1,000-bills, Php100-bills, and the rest in coins. How much money was given in coins? . How many 1000-peso bills will there be in Php98,7507 How much will the remainder be? . Ifthe divisor is 1000 and the quotient is 2 with a remainder of 346, what is the dividend? . The dividend is 3675 and the quotient is 367 with a remainder of 5. What is the divisor? |. The dividend is 3962 and the divisor is 100. What is the quotient? . Mr. San Juan has Php33,457. He wants to give it to the orphans in one of the many orphanages in the country. How much will each child receive if he decides to give it to 10 orphans? How much money will be left? How about to 100 orphans? How much money will be left? How about to 1000 orphans? How much money will be left? 61Lesson 20: Estimating the Quotient of 3- to 4-Digit Dividends by 1- to 2-Digit Divisors Explore and Discover! Inanorchard, Mr. Larry harvested 1694 mangoes. He plans to place 24 mangoes in a basket. About how many baskets does he need? Do you know how to estimate? Study the solutions below: Rounding Compatible Number Actual Method Method Answer LA ae __70r.14 24/1694 24/1694 24)1694 * + + + =168 20)2000 20)1600 14 100 80. =o 29) 2006 26)160p 414 =2_ -16 0 o 2Ge =o 0 O =o oO Answer: He needs 70 baskets with 24 pieces each and one basket with 14 mangoes. If the compatible method is used, he needs about 80 baskets. If the rounding method is used, he needs about 100 baskets. Which of the two estimates is closer to the actual answer? About 80 baskets is the closer estimate to the actual answer. 62How is estimation done in set A? What is done to the divisor and dividend? What about in set B? Can you explain how estimation is done in set B? ° eo Get Moving! A. In your notebook, estimate the following using the Rounding Method: 1) 573+6= 4) 2926 + 47 = 2) 8501 +9= 5) 4108 + 82 = 3) 8645 + 32= B. Estimate the following using the Compatible Number Method: 1) 36 200 + 56 = 4) 7331 +34= 2) 3209+18 5) 9536 + 16 = 3) 4567+93= - Keep Moving! Er® Estimate then, choose the most appropriate answer. 4.11 4432 2.400 b40 0 6.4 d. 4000 2.13 \6347 a6 »b.60 ¢.600 d.6000 3. 17 }4349 a.200 b.20 62 d. 2000 4.21 36136 a.250 b.25 2500 d. 25000 5. 47 \6789 a.1400 b. 140 c. 14 d. 400}, Apply Your Skills! A. Estimate the answers to the following: . About how many 23s are there in 4323? . About how many 52s are there in 13227 . About how many dozens are there in 105 pieces? . About how many minutes are there in 3578 seconds? }. About how many 26s are there in 58897 OeeNns B. Use estimation to tell whether the exact quotient is less than or is greater than the given number, 1) 6 1920 <3000r>3007 2) 5 2040 <300 or > 3007 3) 5 )3473 < 400 or > 4007 4) 7 )867 <50 or>S0? 5) 8 )6575 < 800 or > 800? C. Answer the following problems. 4. Which is a better buy, one box of 6 pencils at Php27 or one pencil at PhpS each? Why? 2. If a kilogram of siniguelas costs Php60, about how many kilograms can you buy with Php2007, 3. Which would you buy, one kilogram of powdered detergent at Php280 or 6 small packs of 54 grams each of the same detergent at Php94? Why?Lesson 21: Dividing Mentally 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers without Remainder | Explore and Discover! Read the problem. Camille placed 630 mangoes equally in 7 baskets. How many mangoes should each basket have’ Can you solve the problem mentally? Think of basic division facts to do mental division. + Think of basic division facts if the dividend and 50. 6a+7=5 the divisor are compatible 7630. numbers. + Then, annex the zero in the dividend to the quotient. Thus, 630 + 7 = 90 Answer: There will be 90 mangoes in each basket. Now, let us try another one. Divide 231 by 7. Study the solution. + Since we cannot 231+7= (210 +7) + (21 +7) see ly basic L + division facts, we can 30 3 rename the dividend in such a way that the renamed dividend is compatible with 7. 33 Thus, 231 + 7 =33 Now, can you try these? How many can you do orally? Divide mentally either by basic division facts or renaming. 1) 216+3 2) 258 +6 3) 797678 65Get Moving! eo ie A. Copy the exercises in your notebook. Think of the basic facts you should remember to find each quotient. Give the answers orally. 14) 270+9 6) 54676 2) 480+6 7) 427+7 3) 150+5 8) 248+8 4)2400+6 9) 3639+3 5) 4900 +7 10) 8462 +2 B. Divide mentally by renaming the dividend to make division easy. How many can you do orally? 4) 161 +7 6) 5984+8 2) 378+9 7) 1431 +3 3) 195+5 8) 1052+4 4) 258+6 9) 3255+7 5) 448+7 10) 4986 +9 - Keep Moving! eF® A. Copy the table in your notebook. Complete the table by dividing mentally. Write BDF if you use the basic division facts and CN if compatible numbers are used in division. Then, write the quotient. Basic Division Facts! ‘Quotient Compatible Numbers 1. 568+8 2. 420+6 3. 238 +7 4. 1926 +9 5. 2715+5B. Solve the following problems mentally: 1. How many fours are there in 84487 2. How many nines are there in 11167 3. If the dividend is 1638 and the divisor is 7, what is the quotient? a Apply Your Skills! A. Divide mentally. Give the quotients orally. 1) 160+4 6) 8000+8 2) 318+6 7) 3693+3 3) 210+3 8) 4936 +4 4) 400+8 9) 2947+7 5) 468+9 40) 9999+9 B. Solve mentally. Give the answers orally. 1.A scoutmaster has a 174-meter piece of rope. How many 6-meter long pieces can be cut from it? 2. There are 360 books to be distributed equally among 4 classes. How many books will be given to each class? 3. The 342 Grade Four pupils were divided into 9 equal groups to participate in a dance contest. How many pupils were there in each group? 4. Atotal of 1035 pupil-volunteers was divided |nto 3 equal groups to participate in different activities for the “Clean and Green” project of their barangay. How many pupil-volunteers were in each group? 5.Ben and Louie harvested 1072 caimito fruits. They placed them equally in 8 baskets. How many caimito fruits were in each basket?Lesson 22: Solving Routine and Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Division a i Explore and Discover! Read the problems below. Mang Tomas has 1848 eggs | Kathleen opened her to be delivered to a market. If math book and found that the eggs are to be placed in the sum of the pages facing small trays with 6 eggs each, her was 243. What pages how many trays will be did she open to? needed? Can you solve the problems? Here are the steps in analyzing and solving word problems. Study the solution below. Problem 1 * Understand Know what is asked: The number of trays needed Know the given facts: 1848 eggs; 6 eggs ina tray * Plan Determine the operation to be used: Division Write the number sentence: 1848 + 6=n = Solve Show your solution: 1848 + 6 = 308 * Check and Look back Review and recheck your answer: You can use a calculator to divide 1848 by 6, or multiply 308 by 6.Problem 2 * Understand Know what is asked: The pages of the book Know the given facts: The sum of the two pages was 243 ° Plan Determine the operation to be used: Division Write the number sentence: 243 +2=n * Solve Show your solution: 243 +2= 1211.1 * Check and Look back Review and recheck your answer: You cannot have a page that is 121 1. 1. Answer: Since pages of a book are consecutively numbered, Kathleen opened pages 121 and 122. Which of the problems do you think is easier to solve? Why? Can you try solving the following problems? Do this with your partner. 1. Camille went toa bank and requested the cashier to change her three 1000 bills. How many bills will she receive if she asks for: a) Php20-bills? c) Php200-bills? b) Php50-bills? 4) Php500-bills? 2. Eight telephone poles in a row are equal in distances from each other. If the distance from the first to the last pole is 140 meters, what is the distance between each pole? Make a diagram or drawing as your solution. 69Salve the following problems: 4. Kristine's round trip jeepney fare to school is Php16 a day. If she has Php200 for jeepney fares to school, how many round trips to school would that be? + Understand : + Plan: + Solve: * Check and Look back : 2. How many ten thousands are there in 1 000 0007 + Understand : + Plan: + Solve: * Check and Look back : 3. The product of two numbers is 132. If one factor is 6, what is the other factor? + Understand ; * Plan: + Solve: * Check and Look back : 4. When the eggs in a basket are grouped into 2, 3, or 5, there is always one extra. What is the least number of eggs for this grouping to be done? + Understand : + Plan: * Solve: + Check and Look back 70o eo Keep Moving! Solve the following problems: 1. What is the remainder when 6587 is divided by 27? Solution and Answer: Abook is opened to pages where the sum of the two page numbers facing the reader is 313. Which is the bigger of the two-page numbers? Solution and Answer: A farmer gathered 760 mangoes from his farm. He placed 60 mangoes in each basket and sold them. How many mangoes were not in a full basket? Solution and Answer: Afarmer planted 1680 pineapples equally in 24 rows. How many pineapples were planted in each row? ‘Solution and Answer: Alex, Rica, and Manuel shared the amount of Php480 to buy a birthday gift for their teacher. How much did each of them share? Solution and Answer: nTry solving more problems! Read and analyze the following problems. Then, write your solutions and answers in your notebook. 1. The distance between two towns is 420 km. If it takes a bus 7 hours to cover the distance, what is its average speed? 2. Ross eams Php195,000 a year. How much does Rose ear gach month? 3. There are some dalandan fruits on the table and some in a small basket. If there are 50 dalandan fruits altogether, how many are on the table? List at least 3 possible answers. 4. Divide the face of the clock into three parts with two lines so ‘that the sums of the numbers in the three parts are equal.Lesson 23: Solving Multistep Routine & Nonroutine Word Problems Involving Division and Other Operations of Whole Numbers Explore and Discover! > Read the problems below. Ben has some goats and The average of 6 numbers chickens in his backyard. Allin all is 66. If 75 and 89 are added to there are 18 heads and 46 legs. the 6 numbers, what is the new How many goats and chickens average? are there? You can solve the problem using the steps below: Problem 1 + Understand Know what is asked: The new average Know the given facts: 6 numbers; the average of 6 numbers is 66; 75 and 89 are new numbers to be added + Plan Determine the operations to be used: Multiplication, Addition, and Division Know the hidden questions: What is the sum of 6 numbers with an average of 66? What is the new sum if you add 75 and 89 to it? How many addends are there now? Write the number sentence: [(66 x 6) + (75 + 89)] + (6+2)=N + Solve: Show your solution: [(66 x 6) + (75 + 89)] + (6 +2)=N [396 + 164]+8=N 560+8=N 7O=N So, the new average is 70. 73+ Check and look back: Did | do the operations correctly? Is my answer reasonable? Did | write my answer in a complete sentence? Problem 2 + Understand Know what is asked: The number of goats and chickens Know the given facts:15 heads, 46 legs + Plan: Make a diagram or drawing. + Draw 15 heads first. OOOOOOOO00 00000 Draw 2 legs in each head. 9RPEAGA9RRERRRO- 15 x 2 = 30 legs. Subtract 30 legs from the given 46 + Solve: 46 — 30 = 16 legs left. Divide 16 by 2. 16+ 2= 8. So, we add 2 legs to 8 mere heads. So, there are 8 goats and 7 chickens. * Look back: To check, 8 goats and 7 chickens give 15 heads of animals. TO Oe RAAQEQO 8goatsx4legs = 32legs 7 chickens x2 legs = 14 legs 46 legs + Answer: There are 8 goats and 7 chickens in Ben’s back- yard. 14Can you try solving the following problems? Do this with your partner. 1. | am thinking of a number. Thrice my number minus 6 equals 68. What is my number? 2. Five mangoes and one apple cost Php75. One mango and 5 apples cost Php111. How much does each mango cost? 2 eo Get Moving! Solve the following problems: 1. The sum of three numbers is 264. One of the numbers is 84. What is the average of the two numbers? Understand : Plan: Solve : Look back : 2. Larry collected 175 eggs from one poultry house and 215 eggs from a second poultry house. If Larry put 12 eggs to a carton, how many cartons did he fill? + Understand : + Plan: + Solve: + Look ba 3. A farmer bought &5 kg of fertilizer in 12 bags. Some are 5-kg bags. The rest are 10-kg bags. How many 5-kg bags did he buy? + Understand : + Plan: + Solve: + Look back : 754. If seven men can do a job in 6 days, how many men can do the work in 3 days? + Understand : » Plan: * Solve: * Look back : - Co Keon Movina! Solve the following problems. Write your solutions and answers in your notebook. 1. The average of 5 even consecutive numbers is 112. What is the largest number? Solution and Answer: 2. Noemi and Kathleen have Php647 together. If Kathleen has Php133 more than Noemi, how much money does each girl have? Solution and Answer: 3. There are bicycles and tricycles parked along a road. There are 29 wheels and 11 riders. How many bicycles are there? Solution and Answer: 4. Liza arranged 66 roses in 7 vases. Some vases had only 6 red roses and the others had only 12 pink roses. How many vases had red roses only? Solution and Answer: 5. In a@ farm, the farmer counted 78 legs and 35 heads consisting of cows and hens. How many hens does he have? Solution and Answer:S Apply Your Skills! Try solving more problems! Read and analyze the following problems. Solve them in any method you like. Ae 2. -13 «+9 +7) x5 WhatisNin(N} > [] > [] > [| ] > [60]? Kim's rectangular garden is 24 m long and 18 m wide. If his fence needs posts that are 2 m apart, how many posts does he need? ‘The average of five consecutive odd numbers is 59. What are the five odd numbers? In a car park, there are motorcycles, 4-wheeled cars, and 6-wheeled trucks. There are 20 cars and 15 trucks. If there are 250 wheels altogether, how many motorcycles are there in the car park? How many squares are there on an 8-by-8 checkerboard? | am thinking of a number. Twice the number plus 8 equals 52. What is my number? Kate Anne was in a 65-storey building. She had to follow up her business transaction on the twelfth floor. Then, she went four floors down for the processing of the papers. Later, she went 30 floors up. Finally, she went 32 floors down. At what floor was she then? _, This stairway is made of cubes. How i many cubes would be needed to make the stairway 9 steps high? 7Lesson 24: Creating Word Problems Involving Division without or with Other Operations ally j qrg'Pwo dgtu Explore and Discover! Can you make a word problem out of the picture? Is the given picture enough to make a word problem? What are the things/data you see for you to create a word problem? Look at the given data below. + Mother and Ben + market + cost of fish per kilogram What other data do you need? You can consider the following data in creating a word problem. + Php560 —5 kilograms of fish Can you now complete the word problem below and solve for the correct answer, t00? Do this in your notebook. Mother and Ben went to the She bought |. What was the| \? 78Get Moving! Use the data inside the box to complete the problems below. Solve the problem in your notebook. 360 pupils 384 canned goods 405 books 1000 Mathematics books Php13,560 8 sections two years 9 books 12 indigents 8 bookshelves 1. An elementary school has in Grade four with |. How many pupils are there in one section? 2. Mrs. Bemesto borrowed for her class. If of different titles were given to how many pupils are there in her class? 3. A Non-Government Organization donated] each of her pupils, for the indigent pupils. If there were how many canned goods did each child receive? 4. There were delivered to a library. How many books will be placed in a bookshelf if there were 5. Mrs. Ruby bought a refrigerator by installment. How time, she will much will she pay monthly if in have to pay[__ 79