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Route Surveying

Route surveying is conducted to plan, design, and lay out linear transportation projects like roads, railways, pipelines, and canals. It involves both field and office work to determine the best route between two points by considering alignment, grades, and other design details. Important structures that require route surveying include highways, railways, bridges, canals, and pipelines. The key steps in route surveying are reconnaissance, preliminary, and location surveys to establish controls, collect topographic data, and finalize the route alignment and grades.

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576 views3 pages

Route Surveying

Route surveying is conducted to plan, design, and lay out linear transportation projects like roads, railways, pipelines, and canals. It involves both field and office work to determine the best route between two points by considering alignment, grades, and other design details. Important structures that require route surveying include highways, railways, bridges, canals, and pipelines. The key steps in route surveying are reconnaissance, preliminary, and location surveys to establish controls, collect topographic data, and finalize the route alignment and grades.

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April
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ROUTE SURVEYING

o It is a survey for the design and construction of linear works, such as roadways, pipelines, canals,
railways and other linear projects.
o It includes the field and office work required to plan, design, and lay out any “long and narrow”
transportation facility.

PURPOSE OF ROUTE SURVEYS

o Planning of a right of way, the easement property, and for eventual construction layout.
o To determine the best general route between two terminal points.
o Find the most suitable combination of alignment, grades, and other details of the selected route.

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES

 Highways and roads


 Railways
 Rapid transits
 Bridges
 Canals
 Pipelines
 Drainage ditches and Sewers
 Waterways
 Airspace Easements

It is the function of project surveyor to plan the surveys and collect the survey data needed to plan
and lay out the final design. This will include:

1. PLANNING AND ESTABLISHING HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL CONTROL:

Horizontal and vertical control are established to provide a foundation/framework within which
other surveys can be adjusted. These control surveys are utilized for precise mapping in the
construction of underground utility systems, highways, power lines, and other high-precision
projects.
2. TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYS:
It is generally the preliminary stage, a type of comprehensive route survey, that takes the form of
a topographic survey. The purpose of the topographic survey is to prepare an accurate map of the
belt of country along the selected route and to estimate the cost of the project.

*Before construction surveys are done, a route survey is made to physically establish a location in the
field. It includes both horizontal and/or vertical plane surveys.

ROUTE SURVEYING OPERATIONS:

1. Reconnaisance Survey:

It involves an examination of a wide area, from one end of the proposed route to the other. Its
purpose is to eliminate costly locations and limits the choice or two general routes between
controls. This could be aided effectively by studying available maps, examination of the ground
as seen from airplane, stereoscopic examination of aerial photo-graphs, and ocular examination of
the site on foot.

2. Preliminary Survey:

The preliminary survey may be conducted on the ground with surveying instruments, or in the
office using aerial photogrammetry. The purpose of this survey is to survey the various
alternative alignments proposed after the reconnaissance and to collect all the necessary physical
information and detail of topography, drainage, and soil. As well as, to estimate the number of
earthwork materials and other construction aspects to work out the cost of alternate proposals.

3. Location Survey:

Location survey establishes all corners and property lines of the subject property, to include
finding or setting monuments. The main purpose of this survey is to make minor improvements to
the line \as may be desirable on the ground and also to fix the grades of the line. Line finally
located on the ground is known as the field location.

*During the stage of location survey, it is intended to secure all field information necessary for the
preparation of plans and specifications and estimate so that after the location survey the following data
should be available for final design.

a) Location centerline, location level and cross-sections


b) Drainage survey
c) Soils and materials survey
d) Bridge site survey
e) Right-of-way and improvement survey
REFERENCES:

[1] Unit 7-Route Survey. Retrieved from: https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/cebu-institute-


of-technology-university/general-surveying/unit-7-route-survey/39767278.

[2] Route Surveys | What is a route surveys? (November 2021). Retrieved from:
https://civillearners.com/2021/11/17/route-surveys-what-is-a-route-surveys/.

[3] Understanding Engineering Surveying, (Alignment and Route Location). Steps/Procedure


(January 2015). https://constructionhints.blogspot.com/2015/01/engineering-survey-alignment-
and-route.html.

[4] Besavilla V. (1983). Timber Design and Construction Methods (With Theory of Structures).

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