Solution

CH. 5 LINEAR INEQUALITIES (PRACTICE WORKSHEET)

Class 11 - Mathematics
Section A
1. (d) -2 < x < 1
Explanation: -2 < 1 - 3x < 7
⇒ -2 - 1 < 1 - 3x - 1 < 7 - 1
⇒ -3 < -3x < 6
−3 −3x 6
⇒ > >
−3 −3 −3

⇒ 1 > x > -2
⇒ -2 < x < 1
−2
2. (b) ( 3
, ∞)

Explanation: (x + 3) + 4 > -2x + 5

⇒ x + 7 > -2x + 5

⇒ x + 7 + 2x > -2x + 5 + 2x

⇒ 3x + 7 > 5
⇒ 3x + 7 - 7 > 5 - 7
⇒ 3x > -2
−2
⇒ x> 3

−2
⇒ x ∈ ( , ∞)
3

3. (d) x ∈ (–∞ , – 13] ∪ [7, ∞ )

Explanation: since |x + 3| ≥ 10 , ⇒ x + 3 ≤ – 10 or x + 3 ≥ 10
⇒ x ≤ – 13 or x ≥ 7

⇒ x ∈ (– ∞ , – 13] ∪ [7, ∞ )

solution set = (– ∞ , – 13] ∪ [7, ∞ )

4. (a) -x > -7
Explanation: x < 7
We know that when we change the sign of inequalities then greater tan changes to less than and vice versa also true.
⇒ -x > -7

5. (b) ac < bc
Explanation: The sign of the inequality is to be reversed (< to > or > to <) if both sides of an inequality are multiplied by the
same negative real number.
Section B
6. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Assertion:
11x - 9 ≤ 68
11x ≤ 77
x≤7
x∈E
x ∈ [−∞ , 7]
hence, Assertion is true,
Reason is also true A correct explanation or Assertion.
7. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Assertion is wrong but Reason is correct statement because if a < b, c < 0 then a

c
>
b

c
.
Section C
8. State True or False:
(i) (a) True
Explanation: True

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 (ii) (a) True
Explanation: True
(iii) (a) True
Explanation: True
(iv) (a) True
Explanation: True
(v) (a) True
Explanation: True
Section D
9. We have
|4 - x| < 2
⇒ -2<4-x<2
⇒ -2<4-x<2
⇒ - 2 - 4 < - x and - x < 2 - 4

⇒ - 6 < -x and ~x < -2

⇒ 6 > x and x > 2

⇒ 2 < x < 6.
= {x ∈ R : 2 < x < 6} = (2, 6)

10. Given that 4

x+1
≤ 3 ≤
6

x+1
, (x > 0)

⇒ 4 ≤ 3(x+1) ≤ 6
⇒ 4 ≤ 3 x+3 ≤ 6
⇒ 4-3 ≤ 3 x ≤ 6 - 3

⇒ 1 ≤ 3 x ≤ 3

≤ x ≤ 1
1
⇒
3

Therefore, solution set = [ ,1] 1

11. Given 12x < 50

⇒ <
12x

12
[divide both sides by 12]
50

12
25
∴ x <
6

x∈N
As 4 < 25

6
< 5 , when x is a natural number, the maximum possible value of x is 4 and we know the natural numbers start from 1.
Thus, the solution of the given inequation is {1, 2, 3, 4}.
12. Now, -4x > 30
−30 −15
⇒ x < =
4 2

15
If x ∈ R, ⇒ x ∈ (−∞, − 2
)

13. Given, 5x + 2 < 17

Subtracting 2 from both the sides in above equation
⇒ 5x + 2 – 2 < 17 – 2

⇒ 5x < 15

Dividing both the sides by 5 in above equation

5x 15
⇒ <
5 5

⇒ x<3
Therefore, x ∈ (-∞ , 3)

4+2x
14. 3
≥
x

2
− 3 ,
8 + 4x ≥ 3x -18
8 + x ≥ -18
x ≥ -26
Thus, the solution set of the given incquation is [−26, ∞) .
15. Given, -4x > 30
−30
⇒ x <
4
[divide both sides by -4]

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 −15
⇒ x <
2

If x ∈ Z, ⇒ x ∈ {… , −10, −9 − 8}
3x−2 (5x−3)
16. ⇒ x

5
<
4
−
5

x 5(3x−2)−4(5x−3)
⇒ <
5 20

⇒ x< 15x−10−20x+12

⇒ 4x < -5x +2
⇒ 4x + 5x < 2
⇒ 9x < 2
⇒ x <
2

∴ The solution set is (−∞, 2

9
)

17. We are given 30 x < 200

30x 200
or 30
<
30

i.e., x < 20 / 3.
x < 6.66 for x ∈R
When x ∈ Natural number,
In this case, the following values of x make the statement true.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
The solution set of the given linear inequality is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
18. Given,
3x - 1 ≥ 5
⇒ 3x ≥ 5 + 1 ⇒ x ≥ 2 ⇒ x ∈ [2, ∞ ) ......(i)

Also, x + 2 > - 1
⇒ x > - 1 - 2 ⇒ x > - 3 ⇒ x ∈ (- 3, ∞ ) ......(ii)
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
[2, ∞ ) ∩( - 3, ∞ ) = [2, ∞ )
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is [2, ∞ )
19. Given:
|3x – 7| > 4, x ∈ R.
⇒ 3x – 7 < -4 or 3x – 7 > 4

(Because |x| > a, a>0 then x < -a and x > a)

⇒ 3x – 7 < -4

Now, adding 7 to both the sides in the above equation

⇒ 3x – 7 + 7 < -4 +7
⇒ 3x < 3

Now, dividing by 3 on both the sides of above equation

3x 11
⇒ >
3 3

⇒ x<1
Now,
⇒ 3x – 7 > 4

Adding 7 on both the sides in above equation

⇒ 3x – 7 + 7 > 4 + 7

⇒ 3x > 11

Now, dividing by 3 on both the sides in the above equation

3x 11
⇒ >
3 3
11
⇒ x >
3

Therefore,
11
x ∈ (−∞, 1) ∪ ( , ∞)
3

(2x−1) (3x−2) (2−x)

20. Given: 3
≥
4
−
5
, where x ∈ R.
Multiplying by 60 on both the sides in the above equation.
(2x−1) (3x−2) (2−x)
⇒ (60) ≥ (60) − (60)
3 4 5

⇒ 20(2x – 1) ≥ 15(3x – 2) -12(2 – x)

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 ⇒ 40x – 20 ≥ 45x – 30 – 24 + 12x
⇒ 40x – 20 ≥ 57x – 54
Now, Adding 20 on both the sides in the above equation
⇒ 40x – 20 + 20 ≥ 57x – 54 + 20
⇒ 40x ≥ 57x – 34
Now, subtracting 57x from both the sides in the above equation
⇒ 40x – 57x ≥ 57x – 34 – 57x

⇒ -17x ≥ -34

Multiplying by -1 on both sides in the above equation

⇒ (-17x)(-1) ≤ (-34)(-1)

17x ≤ 34
Now, divide by 17 on both sides in the above equation
17x 34
⇒ ≤
17 17

Therefore,
⇒ x ≤ 2

It is represented on the number line as below;

21. We have, −1
≥ 1
|x|−2

−1
⇒ − 1 ≥ 0
|x|−2

−1−(|x|−2)
⇒ ≥ 0
|x|−2

1−|x|
⇒ ≥ 0
|x|−2

|x|−1
⇒ ≤ 0
|x|−2

y−1
⇒
y−2
≤ 0 where y = |x|
⇒ 1 ≤ y < 2 {see figure}
⇒ 1 ≤ |x| < 2 [∵ y = |x|]

⇒ |x| < 2 ⇒ -2 < x < 2

and ⇒ |x| ≥ 1
x ≤ -1 or x ≥ 1
⇒ x ∈ (-2 , -1] ∪ [1 , 2)

Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is (-2, -1] ∪ [1, 2)
22. Given that, |x – 1| < 2
Square both sides
⇒ (x – 1)2 < 4
⇒ x2 – 2x + 1 < 4
⇒ x2 – 2x – 3 < 0
⇒ x2 – 3x + x – 3 < 0
⇒ x(x – 3) + 1(x – 3) < 0

⇒ (x + 1)(x – 3) < 0

Observe that when x > 3 (x – 3)(x + 1) is positive

And for each root, the sign changes hence

We want less than 0 that is a negative part

Hence x should be between -1 and 3 for (x – 3)(x + 1) to be negative
Hence x ∈ (-1, 3)
Hence solution set is (-1, 3)
5x+8
23. 4−x
<2
5x+8

4−x
-2<0

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 5x+8−2(4−x)

4−x
<0
5x+8−8+2x

4−x
<0
7x

4−x
<0
Case 1: 7x > 0 and 4 - x < 0
⇒ x > 0 and 4 < x

⇒ x > 0 and x > 4

⇒ x>4
Case 2: 7x < 0 and 4 - x > 0
⇒ x < 0 and 4 > x

⇒ x < 0 and x < 4

x<0
⇒

Hence, solution set is (-∞ , 0) ∪ (4, ∞ ).

24. Consider the first inequation,
⇒ 10 ≤ -5(x - 2)

⇒ 2 ≤ -(x - 2)

⇒ 2 ≤ -x + 2
⇒ 2 - 2 ≤ -x
⇒ 0 ≤ -x .

x ≥ 0 ......(i)
Consider the second inequation,
- 5(x - 2) < 20
⇒ -5x + 10 < 20
⇒ -5x < 20 - 10

⇒ -5x < 10

⇒ -x < 2

x > - 2 .......(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
(- 2, 0) is the solution set of the simultaneous equations.
25. |x - 1| ≤ 3
⇒ -3 ≤ x - 1 ≤ 3

⇒ -2 ≤ x ≤ 4

|x - 1 | ≤ 1
⇒ -1 ≤ x - 1 ≤ 1

⇒ 0 ≤ x ≤ 2

We have to take intersection of x ∈ [-2, 4] and x ∈ [0, 2]

and intersection of [-2, 4] and [0, 2] is [0, 2]
So, final answer is x ∈ [0, 2]
|x−2|−1
26. |x−2|−2
≤ 0

Consider y = |x - 2|, implies:

y−1
≤ 0
y−2

1≤y<2
1 ≤ |x − 2| < 2

|x-2| ≥ 1
x - 2 ≥ 1 or x -2 ≤ -1
x ≥ 3 or x ≤ 1
x ∈ (∞ ,1] ∪ [3,∞ )
and
|x-2| < 2
-2 < x - 2 < 2
0<x<4
x ∈ (0,4)
now,

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 x ∈ (∞ ,1] ∪ [3,∞ ) and x ∈ (0,4)
x ∈[0, 1] ∪ [3, 4]
Hence, the solution is [0, 1] ∪ [3, 4].
27. Given:
3 – 2x ≥ 4x – 9, where x ∈ R.
⇒ 3 – 2x ≥ 4x – 9

⇒ 3 – 2x – 3 ≥ 4x – 9 – 3

⇒ -2x ≥ 4x – 12

⇒ -2x – 4x ≥ 4x – 12 – 4x
⇒ -6x ≥ -12
−6x −12
⇒ ≥
6 6

⇒ -x ≥ -2
Now, multiplying by (-1) on both the sides in above equation.
⇒ (-x).(-1) ≥ (-2).(-1)
⇒ x≤2

28. Given, |3x − 2| ≤ 1

We know that, |x| ≤ a ⇒ −a ≤ x ≤ a

1 −1 1
∴ |3x − 2| ≤ ⇒ ≤ (3x − 2) ≤
2 2 2

⇒ −
1

2
+ 2 ≤ 3x − 2 + 2 ≤
1

2
+ 2 [adding 2 on each term]
3 5
⇒ ≤ 3x ≤
2 2
3 1 3x 5 1
⇒
2
×
3
≤
3
≤
2
×
3
[dividing each term by 3]
1 5 1 5
⇒ ≤ x ≤ i.e., x ∈ [ , ]
2 6 2 6

29. The first inequation of the given system is

6x 1
⇒ <
4x−1 2

6x 1
⇒ − < 0
4x−1 2
12x−4x+1
⇒ < 0
2(4x−1)

8x+1
⇒ < 0
2(4x−1)

8x+1
⇒ < 0
4x−1

⇒ (8x +1 > 0 and 4x - 1 < 0) or (8x +1 < 0 and 4x - 1 > 0)

−1 1
(x < and x > )
8 4

−1 1
⇒ < x <
8 4

−1
⇒ x ∈ (
8
,
1

4
) ........(1)
The second inequation of the given system is
x 1
≥
2x+1 4
x 1
⇒ − ≥ 0
2x+1 4
4x−2x−1 2x−1
⇒ ≥ 0 ⇒ ≥ 0
4(2x+1) 2x+1

⇒ ( 2 x - 1 < 0 and 2x + 1 < 0) or ( 2 x - 1 > 0 and 2 x + 1 > 0)

⇒ (2x < 1 and 2x < -1) or (2x > 1 and 2x > -10)

1 −1 1 −1
⇒ (x ≤ and x < ) or (x ≥ and x > )
2 2 2 2

−1 1
⇒ (x < ) or (x ≥ )
2 2

−1 1
⇒ x ∈ (−∞,
2
) or x ∈ [
2
, ∞) ......(2)
From (1) and (2)
−1 1 −1 1
x ∈ ( , ) ∩ {(−∞, ) ∪ [ , ∞)} = ϕ
8 4 2 2

Hence, the given system of inequations has no solution

30. Here 3(2 − x) ⩾ 2(1 − x)
⇒ 6 − 3x ⩾ 2 − 2x

⇒ −3x + 2x ⩾ 2 − 6

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 ⇒ −x ⩽ −4

Dividing both sides by -1, we have

−x −4
< ⇒ x ⩽ 4
−1 −1

Thus the solution set is (−∞, 4].

31. The given system of inequations is 3x - 6 ≥ 0 ...(i)
4x - 10 ≤ 6 .....(ii)
Now 3x - 6 ≥ 0 ⇒ 3x ≥ 6 ⇒ ≥
3x
⇒ x ≥ 2
3
6

Solution set of inequation (i) is [2, ∞ )

and, 4x -10 < 6 ⇒ 4x ≤ 16 ⇒ x < 4
∴ The solution set of inequation (ii) is (∞ , 4]

The solution sets of inequations (i) and (ii) are represented graphically on the real line in the above figure.
Clearly, the intersection of these solution sets is the set [2,4].
Hence, the solution set of the given system of inequations is the interval [2,4].
32. Let x and x + 2 be two consecutive odd positive integers
Then x + 2 < 10 and x + x + 2 > 11.
⇒ x < 8 and 2x + 2 > 11

⇒ x < 8 and 2x > 9

⇒ x <8 and 2x > 9
⇒ x < 8 and x >
9

2
9
⇒ < x < 8
2

⇒ x = 5 and 7
Thus required pairs of odd positive integers are 5, and 7.
33. Let x and x + 2 be two consecutive even positive integers
Then x > 5 and x + x + 2 < 23
⇒ x > 5 and 2x + 2 < 23

⇒ x > 5 and 2 x < 23 - 2

⇒ x > 5 and 2 x < 21

⇒ x > 5 and x <
21

2
21
⇒ 5 < x <
2
21
⇒ 5 < x <
2

⇒ x = 6, 8, 10
Thus required pairs of even positive integers are (6, 8), (8, 10), and (10, 12).
34. The given system of linear inequalities is
1+x
-2- x

4
≥
3
... (i)
and 3 - x < 4 (x - 3) ... (ii)
From inequality (i), we get
x 1+x
-2- 4
≥
3

⇒ - 24 - 3x ≥ 4 + 4x [multiplying both sides by 12]

⇒ - 24 - 3x - 4 ≥ 4 + 4x - 4 [subtracting 4 from both sides]

⇒ - 28 - 3x ≥ 4x

⇒ - 28 - 3x + 3x ≥ 4x + 3x [adding 3x on both sides]

⇒ - 28 ≥ 7x
28 7x
⇒ - 7
≥
7
[dividing both sides by 7]
⇒ - 4 ≥ x or x ≤ - 4 ... (iii)
Thus, any value of x less than or equal to - 4 satisfied the inequality.
So, solution set is x ∈ (−∞, −4]

From inequality (ii), we get

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 3 - x < 4 (x - 3)
⇒ 3 - x < 4x - 12

⇒ 3 - x + 12 < 4x - 12 + 12 [adding 12 on both sides]

⇒ 15 - x < 4x
⇒ 15 - x + x < 4x + x [adding x on both sides]

⇒ 15 < 5x

⇒ 3 < x [dividing both sides by 3]

or x > 3 ... (iv)

Thus, any value of x greater than 3 satisfies the inequality.
So, the solution set is x ∈ (3, ∞)

The solution set of inequalities (i) and (ii) are represented graphically on number line as given below:

As no region is common, hence the given system has no solution.

|x+3|+x
35. We have, x+2
>1
|x+3|+x
⇒
x+2
-1>0
|x+3|+x−x−2
⇒
x+2
>0
|x+3|−2
⇒
x+2
>0
Let x + 3 = 0
⇒ x = - 3

∴ x = - 3 is a critical point.

So, here we have two intervals (−∞, −3) and [−3, ∞)

Case I: When - 3 ≤ x < ∞ , then |x + 3| = (x + 3)
|x+3|−2
∴
x+2
>0
x+3−2
⇒
x+2
>0
x+1
⇒
x+2
>0
2

> 0 × (x + 2)2
(x+1)(x+2)
⇒
(x+2)

⇒ (x + 1) (x + 2) > 0
Product of (x + 1) and (x + 2) will be positive, if both are of same sign.
∴ (x + 1) > 0 and (x + 2) > 0

or (x + 1) < 0 and (x + 2) < 0

⇒ x > - 1 and x > - 2

or x < - 1 and x < - 2

On number line, these inequalities can be represented as,

Thus, - 1 < x < ∞ or - ∞ < x < - 2

But, here - 3 ≤ x < ∞
∴ - 1 < x < ∞ or - 3 ≤ x < - 2

Then, solution set in this case is

x ∈ [- 3, - 2) ∪ (- 1, ∞ )

Case II: When x < - 3, then |x + 3| = - (x + 3)

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 |x+3|−2
∴
x+2
>0
−x−3−2
⇒
x+2
>0
−(x+5)
⇒
x+2
>0
x+5
⇒
x+2
<0
2

< 0 × (x + 2)2
(x+5)(x+2)
⇒
x+2

⇒ (x + 5) (x + 2) < 0
Product of (x + 5) and (x + 2) will be negative, if both are of opposite sign.
∴ (x + 5) > 0 and (x + 2) < 0

or (x + 5) < 0 and (x + 2) > 0

⇒ x > - 5 and x < - 2

or x < - 5 and x > - 2

On number line, these inequalities can be represented as,

Thus, - 5 < x < - 2 i.e., solution set in the case is x ∈ (- 5, - 2).

On combining cases I and II, we get the required solution set of given inequality, which is
x ∈ (- 5, - 2) ∪ ( - 1, ∞ )

36. We have, −
4x
< x + ... (i)
3
9

4
3

4
7x−1 7x+2
and 3
−
6
> x ... (ii)
From inequality (i), we get
4x 9 3 16x−27 4x+3

3
−
4
<x+ 4
⇒
12
< 4

⇒ 16x - 27 < 12x + 9 [multiplying both sides by 12]

⇒ 16x - 27 + 27 < 12x + 9 + 27 [adding 27 on both sides]
⇒ 16x < 12x +36

⇒ 16x - 12x < 12x + 36 - 12x [ subtracting 12x from bot sides]

⇒ 4x < 36 ⇒ x < 9 [dividing both sides by 4]

Thus, any value of x less than 9 satisfies the inequality. So, the solution of inequality (i) is given by x ∈ (−∞, 9)

From inequality (ii) we get,

7x−1 7x+2 14x−2−7x−2
-
3
>x⇒ 6 6
>x
⇒ 7x - 4 > 6x [multiplying by 6 on both sides]
⇒ 7x - 4 + 4 > 6x + 4 [adding 4 on both sides]
⇒ 7x > 6x + 4
⇒ 7x - 6x > 6x + 4 - 6x [subtracting 6x from both sides]

∴ x > 4

Thus, any value of x greater than 4 satisfies the inequality.

So, the solution set is x ∈ (4, ∞)

The solution set of inequalities (i) and (ii) are represented graphically on number line as given below:

Clearly, the common value of x lie between 4 and 9.

Hence, the solution of the given system is, 4 < x < 9 i.e., x ∈ (4, 9)

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37. We have, |x + 1| + |x| > 3
Put x + 1 = 0 and x = 0 ⇒ x = - 1 and x = 0
∴ x = - 1, 0 are critical point.

So, we will consider three intervals (−∞ , - 1), [- 1, 0), [0, ∞ )

Case I: When - ∞ < x < - 1, then |x + 1| = - (x + 1) and |x| = - x
∴ |x + 1| + |x| > 3

⇒ - x - 1 - x > 3

⇒ - 2x - 1 > 3

⇒ - 2x > 4
⇒ x<-2
Case II: When - 1 ≤ x < 0, then |x + 1| = x + 1 and |x| = - x
∴ |x + 1| + |x| > 3

⇒ x + 1 - x > 3 ⇒ 1 > 3 [not possible]

Case III: When 0 ≤ x < ∞ , then |x + 1| = x + 1 and |x| = x

∴ |x + 1| + |x| > 3
⇒ x + 1 + x > 3

⇒ 2x + 1 > 3 ⇒ 2x > 2

∴ x > 1

On combining the results of cases I, II and III, we get

x < - 2 and x > 1
∴ x ∈ (−∞ , - 2) ∪ (1, ∞ )

38. The given system of linear inequalities is

2(2x + 3) -10 < 6(x - 2) ....(i)
2x−3 4x
and 4
+ 6 ≥ 2 +
3
...(ii)
From inequality (i), we get
2(2x + 3) - 10 < 6(x - 2)
⇒ 4x + 6 - 10 < 6x - 12

⇒ 4x - 4 < 6x - 12

⇒ 4x - 4 + 4 < 6x - 12 + 4 [adding 4 on both sides]

⇒ 4x < 6x - 8
⇒ 4x - 6x < 6x - 8 - 6x [subtracting 6x from both sides]

⇒ -2x < -8

⇒ 2x > 8 [dividing both sides by - 1 and then inequality sign will change]

⇒ >
2x

2
[dividing both sides by 2]
8

∴ ...(iii)
x > 4

Thus, any value of x greater than 4 satisfies the inequality.

∴ Solution set is x ∈ (4, ∞)

The representation of solution of inequality (i) is

From inequality (ii), we get

2x−3 4x 2x−3+24 6+4x
+ 6 ≥ 2 + ⇒ ≥
4 3 4 3
2x+21 6+4x
⇒ ≥ ⇒ 3(2x + 21) ≥ 4(6 + 4x)
4 3

⇒ 6x + 63 ≥ 24 + 16x

⇒ −10x ≥ −39 ⇒ 10x ≤ 39

10x 39
⇒ ≤
10 10

⇒ x ≤ 3.9 ...(iv)
Thus, any value of x less than or equal to 3.9 satisfies the inequality.
∴ Solution set is x ∈ (−∞, 3.9] .

Its representation on number line is

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From Eqs. (iii) and (iv), it is clear, that there is no common value of x, which satisfies both inequalities (iii) and (iv).
Hence, the given system of inequalities has no solution.

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