DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED

RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.

PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 2 of 43

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION Page 8
2.0 SCOPE Page 8
3.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION Page 8
4.0 SAFETY Page 9
5.0 SELECTION OF RADIATION ENERGY Page 9
5.1 X-Radiation Page 9
5.2 Gamma Radiation Page 10
6.0 SURFACE PREPARATION Page 10
7.0 RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT Page 11
7.1 Exposure Device Page 11
7.2 Source Size Page 11
7.3 Radiographic Film Page 11
7.4 Intensifying Screen Page 12
8.0 SHIELDING FROM EXCEESIVE SCATTER RADIATION Page 13
9.0 PENETRAMETER (IQI) REQUIREMENTS Page 13
9.1 Selection of IQI Page 13
9.2 Number of IQI Page 13
9.3 Placement of IQI Page 14
9.4 Location or IQI Page 14
9.4.1 IQI Location for Welds Page 14
9.4.1 IQI Location for Material other than weld Page 14
9.5 IQI Sensitivity Page 14

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 3 of 43

10.0 RADIOGRAPHIC DENSITY Page 15

10.1 Density Limitation Page 15
10.1.1 Single Film Viewing Page 15
10.1.2 Composite Multiple Film Viewing Page 15
10.2 Density Variation Page 15
11.0 GEOETRICAL UNSHARPNESS Page 15
12.0 LOCATION MARKER Page 16
12.1 Single-Wall Viewing Page 17
12.1.1 Source side markers Page 17
12.1.2 Film side markers Page 17
12.1.3 Either side markers Page 17
12.2 Double Wall Viewing Page 18
12.3 Mapping the placement of location markers Page 18
13.0 QUALITY LEVEL OF RADIOGRAPH Page 18
14.0 RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE Page 18
14.1 Single Wall Technique Page 19
14.2 Double Wall Technique Page 19
14.2.1 Single Wall Viewing Page 19
14.2.2 Double Wall Technique Page 19
15.0 EXPOSURE TECHNIQUE Page 20
16.0 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION AND MARKING Page 21
17.0 PROCESSING Page 21

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 4 of 43

17.1 Manual Processing Page 21

17.2 Temperature Page 21
17.3 Chemicals Page 22
17.3.1 Developer Type Page 22
17.3.2 Fixer Type Page 22
17.3.3 Water Wash Page 22
17.3.4 Photo-Flo Page 22
18.0 EVALUATION Page 23
19.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA Page 23
20.0 REPORTING Page 23

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 5 of 43

FIGURE

Figure 1 Radiographic Technique 1

- Single wall single image technique for
Cylindrical vessel of flat component Page 25
Figure 2 Radiographic Technique 2
- Single wall single image technique for pipe,
Radiation source outside Page 25
Figure 3 Radiographic Technique 3
- Single wall single image technique for pipe,
Radiation source inside Page 26
Figure 4 Radiographic Technique 4
- Single wall single image technique for pipe,
Radiation source at center (panoramic) Page 26
Figure 5 Radiographic Technique 5
- Double wall single image technique for pipe,
Source perpendicular Page 27
Figure 6 Radiographic Technique 6
- Double wall single image technique for pipe,
Source offset Page 27
Figure 7 Radiographic Technique 7
- Double wall Double image technique for < 3.5 in.
Outside diameter, source offset (ellipse) Page 28
Figure 8 Radiographic Technique 8
- Double wall Double image technique for < 3.5 in.
Outside diameter, source perpendicular (superimpose) Page 28

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 6 of 43

APPENDIX
Appendix A Acceptance criteria for pressure vessels fabricated
In accordance with ASME Section VIII Division 1 and
Conform to para UW-51 for full or partial radiography Page 29
Appendix B Acceptance criteria for rounded indications in accordance
with ASME Section VIII Division 1, Appendix 4 Page 30
Appendix C Acceptance criteria for pressure vessels fabricated
In accordance with ASME Section VIII Division 1 and
Conform to para UW-52 for spot radiography Page 32
Appendix D Acceptance criteria for pressure vessels fabricated
In accordance with ASME Section VIII Division 2 conform to
Article AI-510 Page 33
Appendix E Acceptance criteria for rounded indications in accordance
with ASME Section VIII Division 2, Appendix 8 Page 34
Appendix F Acceptance criteria for power boilers fabricated
In accordance with ASME Section 1 Para PW-51 Page 36
Appendix G Acceptance criteria for rounded indications
In accordance with ASME Section I, Appendix A-250 Page 37
Appendix H Acceptance criteria for power piping fabricated
In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.1 shall conform to
Chapter VI, Para 136.3.5A Page 39
Appendix I Acceptance criteria for chemical plant and petroleum
Refinery piping in accordance to the requirements of
ASME/ANSI B31.3 and shall conform to Chapter VI,
Table 341.3.2 Page 40
Appendix J Acceptance criteria for welder qualification to ASME Section IX
Using radiography shall conform to Para QW 191.2 Page 42

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 7 of 43

AMENDMENT LIST

Revision Page/
Date Reason By
No. Section
00 1 Sep.2014 - First release for DNT Varayuth S.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 8 of 43

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 This procedure is intended to develop to cover the Radiographic Testing
requirements for industrial work as carried out by DNT INSPECTION
SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
1.2 When required by the referencing Code Section, this testing method
performed under the following written procedure shall be demonstrated
to the satisfaction of the Authorized Inspector as per the requirements
of ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE SECTION V (2010
edition), Article 1, Para T-150 and Article 2.
2.0 SCOPE
This procedure applies to the Radiographic Testing of full penetration butt
joints of types 1, 2 and 3 and categories A, B, C and D in the following
fabrications:
a) Pressure Vessels in accordance with the requirements of ASME Section
VIII, Divisions 1 and 2.
b) Welder Qualification Testing in accordance with the requirements of
ASME Section IX.
c) Power Piping in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.1.
d) Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Plant in accordance with the
requirements of ANSI/ASME B.31.3.
3.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION
3.1 Personnel performing radiographic testing exposure shall be Level I or
Level II RT technician certified in accordance with DNT INSPECTION
SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED Procedure for Qualification and Certification
of Non-Destructive Personnel, Document No. CNT-Q-SP-001 Revision
00.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 9 of 43

3.2 Radiographic Testing personnel Level I performing radiographic exposure

shall be supervised by a Level II or NDT Supervisor.
3.3 If required by law, All RT leader personnel involve in radiographic testing
exposure shall be registered and hold a valid radiation safety, whom
have had trained and examined by Office of Atomic Energy for Peace.
3.4 Personnel performing radiographic film interpretation shall be Level II or
Level III Radiographic Testing or Radiographic Interpreter technician
certified in accordance with DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY
LIMITED
3.5 Procedure for Qualification and Certification of Non-Destructive
Personnel, Document No. CNT-Q-SP-001 Revision 00.
4.0 SAFETY
4.1 If required by Safety Law, All radiographers shall be registered with
OAEP and operate within the allowable permits.
4.2 All radiographers and assistants shall have film badges and dosimeters.
4.3 The perimeter of boundary beyond which no radiation level is in excess
of 0.75 mR/hr (0.0075 mSv) shall be cordoned off with yellow rope
(where practical) and warning sign boards and flashing lights shall be
placed at strategic locations.
4.4 The radiation level shall be monitored by using a calibrated radiation
survey meter.
4.5 Understanding, familiarization and compliance to DNT INSPECTION
SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED Radiation Safety Program which is approved
by DNT General Manager is mandatory for each technician involved in
radiation exposure.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 10 of 43

5.0 SELECTION OF RADIATION ENERGY

5.1 X-Radiation
The maximum voltage used in the testing shall not exceed the value
shown in ASME V, ARTICLE 2, Para T-272.1 (A, B or C) as applicable
5.2 Gamma Radiation
The recommended minimum thickness for which radioactive isotopes
maybe used is as follows:
Minimum Thickness
Material Iridium 192
Steel 19 mm
Copper or High Nickel 16 mm
NOTE: (1)Overall radiographic sensitivity is primarily influenced by the factor such as:
a) Film selection
b) Intensifying screen selection
c) Geometric unsharpness
d) Film density

The maximum thickness for the use of radioactive isotopes is primarily

dictated by exposure time; therefore, upper limits are not shown. The minimum
recommended thickness limitation maybe reduces when the radiographic
techniques used demonstrate that the radiographic sensitivity has been
obtained.
6.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
Surface preparation of butt welds for Radiographic Testing shall be as follows:
6.1 Free from scale or weld slag.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 11 of 43

6.2 Surface irregularity whenever possible is to be removed or dressed such

that the resulting radiographic image is not masked or confused with the
image of any relevant discontinuity that may be present.
6.3 Temporary tack welds to be ground.
6.4 The finish surface may be flushed with the base material or may be
have uniform crown.
6.5 Methods or preparation shall be such that over heating or loss of
material integrity does not occur.
6.6 Surfaces shall satisfy the requirements of the applicable materials
specifications, with additional conditioning, if necessary, by any suitable
process to a degree that surface irregularities cannot mask or be
confused with discontinuities.
7.0 RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT
7.1 Exposure Devise
7.1.1 Isotope containers shall be of remote control type Tech/OPS or
Amertest series for Iridium 192.
7.1.2 X-Ray machines shall be RIGAKU 140 KV through 300 kV or
equivalent directional or radial beam units.
7.1.3 If require by Law, each isotope container, remote control device
and X-Ray machine shall have a valid maintenance/calibration
sticker from a maintenance organization which is approved by
OAP
7.2 Source Size
Isotope shall be iridium 192 of curie strength sufficient for material
thickness range. The effective dimension of the source shall be the
minimum size available commercially and will generally be 2mm x 2mm
or 2mm x 3mm. The focus size of the X-Ray machine shall be a
maximum of 2 mm.
DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 12 of 43

7.3 Radiographic Film

7.3.1 Radiographic films shall be of industrial type and shall be free
from inherent flaws that may be interfering with the
interpretation of radiographs. Film used shall be:
Type 1 - Very fine Grain, Low Speed, Very High Contrast
Agfa Gevaert D4
Kodax MX
Dupont NDT 55
Fuji X50
Or equivalent
Type II - Fine Grain, Medium Speed, High Contrast
Agfa Gevaert D7
Kodax AA
Dupont NDT 70
Fuji X100
Or equivalent
7.3.2 Protection and care of unexposed film
a) Unexposed films shall be stored in such a manner that
they are protected from affects of light, pressure,
excessive heat, excessive humidity fumes or vapors,
penetrating radiation. Storage of film is on a "first in",
"first out" basis.
b) Films should be handled under safelight conditions in
accordance with the film manufacture's recommendations.
c) The loading bench, cassettes and screens shall be kept
clean and free from dirt which may cause exposure or
processing artifacts in the radiographs.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 13 of 43

d) Films shall be handled only at their edges. All sharp

bending, excessive pressure and rough handling of any
kind shall be avoided.
7.4 Intensifying Screen
7.4.1 Intensifying screens shall be metallic foil (lead screen) placed
intimately in close contact at the front and back of the film.
7.4.2 When Iridium 192 or X Radiation is used 0.125mm front and
back screens shall be used.
8.0 SHIELDING FROM EXCESSIVE SCATTER RADIATION
Where back scatter is likely to occur, lead shielding shall be placed behind the
screens to minimize scatter effects. Check on back scatter radiation shall be
as follows:
8.1 A lead letter 'B' (minimum dimension of 13mm in height and 1.5mm in
thickness) shall be attached on the back of the outer surface of each
film holder or cassette.
8.2 Light appearance of the letter 'B' on a radiograph on a darker
background is evident of insufficient protection from back scatter thus
radiograph shall be considered unacceptable.
8.3 A dark image of the letter 'B' on a lighter background is not cause for
rejection.
9.0 PENETRAMETER (IQI) REQUIREMENTS
9.1 Selection of IQI
9.1.1 IQI shall be ASTM wire type. DIN wire type IQI may also be used.
9.1.2 The IQI shall be selected with essential wire diameter shall be as
per specified in Table T-276 of ASME SECTION V, ARTICLE 2.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 14 of 43

9.2 Number of IQI

9.2.1 Each number of IQI shall represent an area of essentially uniform
radiographic density. If the density of the radiograph anywhere
through the area of interest varies by more than -15% or +30%
from the density through the body of the IQI, than an additional
IQI shall be used.
9.2.2 For cylindrical vessels or flat components such as shell plate of
flat plate where one or more film holders are used for an
exposure at least one IQI on each radiograph shall be used.
9.2.3 For cylindrical vessels where the source is placed on the axis of
the object and one or more film holder used for a single exposure
of a complete circumference, at least three IQI shall be spaced
approximately 120 degrees apart shall be used.
9.3 Placement of IQI
9.3.1 Source Side IQI
The IQI(s) shall be placed on the source side of the part being
tested wherever practicable.
9.3.2 Film Side IQI
Where inaccessibility prevents hand placing the IQI(s) on the
source side, it shall be placed on the film side in contact with the
part being examined. A lead letter 'F' shall be placed adjacent to
on the IQI identification number(s).
9.4 Location of IQI
9.4.1 IQI Location for Welds
IQI(s) shall be placed on the weld so that the length of wires is
perpendicular to the length of the weld. The identification
numbers and lead letter 'F', when used, shall not be in the area
of interest.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 15 of 43

9.4.2 IQI Location for Material Other Than Weld.

The IQI(s) with the number(s), and the lead letter ‘F’, if used,
may be placed in the area of interest.
9.5 IQI Sensitivity
Radiography shall be performed with a technique of sufficient sensitivity
to display the essential wire. The radiographs shall also display the
identifying numbers and letters. If the required essential wire do not
show on any film in a multiple film technique, but do show in composite
film viewing, interpretation shall be permitted only by composite film
viewing.
10.0 RADIOGRAPHIC DENSITY
10.1 Density Limitation
The transmitted film density through the radiographic image of the body
of the appropriate adjacent to the essential wire and the area of interest
shall be as follows.
10.1.1 Single Film Viewing
X-Ray Source - Minimum 1.8
- Maximum 4.0
Gamma Ray Source - Minimum 2.0
- Maximum 4.0
10.1.2 Composite Multiple Film Viewing
X-Ray Source - Each Film Minimum 1.3
- Each Film Maximum 2.0
Gamma Ray Source - Each Film Minimum 1.3
- Each Film Maximum 2.0
A tolerance of 0.05 in density is allowed for variations between
densitometer readings.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 16 of 43

10.2 Density Variation

If the density of the radiograph anywhere through the area of interest
varies by more than minus 15% or plus 30% from the density through
the body of the essential wire, within the minimum/maximum allowable
density ranges specified in 12.1, then an additional IQI shall be used
for each exceptional area or areas and the radiograph retaken. When
calculating the allowable variation in density, the calculation may be
rounded to the nearest 0.1 within the range specified in 10.1
11.0 GEOMETRICAL UNSHARPNESS
11.1 Geometric unsharpness of the radiograph shall be determined in
accordance with :
Ug = Fd/D,
Where
Ug = Geometric unsharpness.
F = Source size the maximum projected dimension of the
radiation source (or effective focal spot) in the plane
perpendicular to the distance D from the weld or object
being radiographed
d = Distance from source of radiation to weld or object being
radiographed.
D = Distance from source side of weld or object being
radiographed to the film.
11.2 Geometrical unsharpness shall not exceed the following:
Material Ug
Thickness, mm. Maximum, mm.
Under 50 0.51
50 through 75 0.76
Over 75 through 100 1.02

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 17 of 43

Greater than 100 1.78

NOTE : Material thickness is the thickness on which the IQI is
based.
12.0 LOCATION MARKER

Location marker of high atomic number metal such as lead in the form of Alpha
and Numeric shall be used. Location Markers, which are to appear as
radiographic images on the film, shall be placed on the part, not on the
exposure holder/cassette. Their locations shall be permanently marked on the
surface of the part being radiographed when permitted, or on a map, in a
manner permitting the area of interest on a radiograph to be accurately
traceable to its location on the part. Evidence shall also be provided on the
radiograph that the required coverage of the region being examined had been
obtained.
Location markers shall be placed as follows:
12.1 Single-Wall Viewing
12.1.1 Source Side Markers
Location markers shall be placed on the source side when
radiographing the following:
a) Flat components or longitudinal joints in cylindrical or
conical components.
b) Curved or spherical components whose concave side is
towards the source and when 'source-to-material'
distance is less than the inside radius of the component.
c) Curved or spherical components whose convex side is
toward the source.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 18 of 43

12.1.2 Film side markers

a) Location markers shall be placed on the film side when
radiographing either curved or spherical components whose
concave side is toward the source and when the "source-
to-material' distance is greater than the inside radius.
b) As an alternative to source side placement in 14.1.1 (a),
location markers may be placed on the film side when the
radiograph shows coverage beyond the location markers to
the extent demonstrated by Appendix M sketch (e) and
when this alternate is documented in accordance with
Section 22.0 of this procedure.
12.1.3 Either side markers
Location markers may be placed on either the source side or
film side when radiographing either curved or spherical
components whose concave side is toward the source and the
"source-to-material" distance equals the inside radius of the
component.
12.2 Double wall Viewing
For double wall viewing, at least one location marker shall be placed on
the source side surface adjacent to the weld (or on the material in the
area of interest) for each radiography.
12.3 Mapping the placement of location markers
When inaccessibility or other limitations prevent the placement of
markers as stipulated in 14.1.1(a) and 14.1.1(b), a dimensioned map
of the actual marker placement shall be accompany the radiographs to
show that full coverage has been obtained.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 19 of 43

13.0 QUALITY LEVEL OF RADIOGRAPH

13.1 All radiographs shall be free from mechanical, chemical or other
blemishes to the extent that they do not mask and/or are confused with
the image of any discontinuity in the area of interest of the object being
radiographed. Such blemishes include, but are not limited to
a) Fogging
b) Processing defects such as streaks, watermarks or chemical stains.
c) Scratches, finger marks, crimps, dirtiness, static marks, smudges or
tears.
d) False indications due to defective screens.
13.2 Quality level required shall be the essential wire as per Table T-276,
ASME Section V, Article 2.
14.0 RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE
Single wall exposure techniques shall be used for radiography whenever
practical. When it is not practical to use a single wall technique, a double wall
technique shall be used.
14.1 Single Wall Technique
The radiation passes through only one wall of the weld (material), which
is viewed for acceptance on the radiograph.
14.2 Double Wall Technique
14.2.1 Single Wall Viewing
For materials and for welds in components, a technique may
be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and
only the weld (material) on the film side wall is viewed for
acceptance on the radiograph. When complete coverage is
required for circumferential welds (materials), a minimum of
three exposures taken 120 degrees apart to each other shall
be made.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 20 of 43

14.2.1 Double Wall Technique

For materials welds in components 2 1/2 inch or less in

nominal outside diameter, a technique may be used in which
the radiation passes through two walls and the welds
(materials) in both walls is viewed for acceptance on the same
radiograph. For double wall viewing, only a source side IQI shall
be used.

a) For welds, the radiation beam may be offset from the

plane of the weld at an angle sufficient to separate the
images of the weld so that there is no overlap of the area
to be interpreted. When complete coverage is required, a
minimum of two exposures taken at 90 degrees to each
other shall be made for each joint.

b) As an alternative, the weld may be radiographed with the

radiation beam positioned so that the images of both
walls are superimposed. When complete coverage is
required, a minimum of three exposures taken at either
60 degrees or 120 degrees to each other shall be made
of each joint.

c) Additional exposures shall be made if the required

radiographic coverage cannot be obtained using the
minimum number of exposure indicated in 16.2.2 (a) or
(b) above.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 21 of 43

15.0 EXPOSURE TECHNIQUE

Technique 1 - Single Wall Single Image Technique for cylindrical vessel or

flat component (Figure 1).

Technique 2 - Single Wall Single Image Technique for pipe and radiation
source positioned outside the pipe (Figure 2).

Technique 3 - Single Wall Single Image Technique for pipe and radiation
source positioned inside the pipe (Figure 3).

Technique 4 - Single Wall Single Image Technique for pipe and radiation
source positioned at the center of pipe - Panoramic
(Figure 4).

Technique 5 - Double Wall Single Image Technique for pipe and radiation
source positioned perpendicular to weld of pipe (Figure
5).

Technique 6 - Double Wall Single Image Technique for pipe and radiation
source positioned offset to weld of pipe (Figure 6).

Technique 7 - Double Wall Single Double Technique for pipe and

radiation source positioned offset to weld of pipe - Ellipse
(Figure 7).

Technique 8 - Double Wall Double Image Technique for pipe and

radiation source positioned perpendicular to weld of pipe -
Superimpose (Figure 8).
DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 22 of 43

16.0 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION AND MARKING

The area to be tested shall be positively and ambiguously designated by client
prior to testing. Locations on area tested shall be traceable precisely on the
identifications on the radiograph. Lead numerals and alphabets shall be used
as markers and shall be placed in manner without obscuring the area of
interest. Marking details shall include :
a) Manufacturer's name
b) Date of radiograph taken
c) Project reference/item reference
d) Film location
e) Weld number
f) Welder number
g) Letter 'R' follows by 1 or 2 etc. for number of repair
h) Wall thickness
i) Pipe size/Pate size
j) Drawing no/ISO no
k) Reshoot (RS)
17.0 PROCESSING
17.1 Manual Processing
Manual processing shall be the system used. A self chilling 5 bath
integrated processing unit is used.
The stages of processing are as follows :
a) Developer : 5-8 minutes @ 20 degrees C
b) Water rinse : 15 seconds
c) Fixer : twice the clearing time but not more than 15
minutes in a fresh fixer.
d) Water wash : Not less than 20 minutes
e) Photo-flo bath : 30 seconds
DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 23 of 43

The film shall then be dried in a drying cabinet.

17.2 Temperature
Processing liquid chemicals are kept at 20 degrees C (68 degrees F)
and are checked before processing of film is carried out. Should
significant changes in temperature reaction during processing time
correction chart shall be used for compensation.
17.3 Chemicals
Agfa Gavaert chemicals of tropically established shall be used.
17.3.1 Developer Type
Agfa Gaveart G150 or equivalents shall be used and mixed to
a concentration as recommended by a manufacturer. The
concentration normally to the ratio 1:4 proportion. This is
checked using density strip i.e. film exposed to the same
conditions so that when processed to given standards, a
consistent density should be obtained. The Initial density
obtained shall be used as standard for comparing the condition
done with approved replenisher suitable to original solution
when solution becomes weaker. Maximum replenishing shall
be limited to a maximum of 5.0 liters concentrated
replenisher.
17.3.2 Fixer Type
Agfa Gaveart G334 Rapid Fixer, A & B or equivalents shall be
used and mixed to concentration as recommended by the
manufacturer. The concentration in normally processed film
should "clear" within half the fixing time or four to five minutes.
Should this not be the case the chemical shall be changed.
Hardening of the fixer shall be as recommended by the
manufacturer.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 24 of 43

17.3.3 Water Wash

Film shall be washed in slow running fresh water for a period
of not less than 20 minutes.
17.3.4 Photo-flo
Photo-flo type Kodax 200 solution or equivalents shall be
used.
18.0 EVALUATION
Film shall be viewed under subdued background lighting conditions using the
high intensity film viewer and shall be evaluated by either a Level II or Level III
personnel only.

19.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

The following acceptance shall be used as an acceptance criteria unless

specified by clients an or Project Specification. Where a weld joint two
members having different thickness at the weld then the Acceptance Criteria
shall be base on the thinner member.

19.1 Pressure Vessels fabricated in accordance with ASME Section VIII

Division 1 shall conform to the following :
a) UW-51 and Appendix 4 - For full or partial radiography
b) UW-52 - For spot radiography
19.2 Pressure Vessels fabricated in accordance with ASME Section VIII
Division 2 conform to Article AI-510 and Appendix 8.
19.3 Power Boilers fabricated in accordance with ASME Section 1 shall
conform to PW-51 and Appendix A-250.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 25 of 43

19.4 Power Piping fabricated in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.1 shall

conform to Chapter VI, Para 136.3.5 A and Appendix A-250 of ASME
Section 1.
19.5 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping in accordance to the
requirements of ASME/ANSI B31.3 and shall conform to Chapter VI,
Para 341.3.2
19.6 Welder qualification test qualified to ASME Section IX using radiography
shall conform to ASME Section IX, Para QW191.2.
20.0 REPORTING
Reports shall contain the following technique variable:
- Manufacturer/Client
- Project/Item Reference
- Source Type and Size
- Film Brand and Designation
- Screen Used
- Inspection Date
- Technique
- Average Density
- IQI used
- Material Type and Thickness Range
- Minimum source to film distance
- Weld Process
- Acceptance Criteria
- Sensitivity
- Film Identification
- Results
- Name of Technician

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 26 of 43

Figure 1
Radiographic Technique 1 - Single wall single image technique for cylindrical vessel
or flat component

Figure 2
Radiographic Technique 2 - Single wall single image technique for pipe, radiation
source outside

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 27 of 43

Figure 3
Radiographic Technique 3 - Single wall single image technique for pipe, radiation
source inside

Figure 4
Radiographic Technique 4 - Single wall single image technique for pipe, radiation
source at center (panoramic)

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 28 of 43

Figure 5
Radiographic Technique 5 - Double wall single image technique for pipe, source
perpendicular

Figure 6
Radiographic Technique 6 - Double wall single image technique for pipe, source
offset

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 29 of 43

Figure 7
Radiographic technique 7 – Double wall double image technique for pipe < 3.5 in.
outside diameter, source offset (ellipse)

Figure 8
Radiographic Technique 8 – Double wall double image technique for pipe < 3.5 in.
outside diameter, source perpendicular (superimpose)

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 30 of 43

Appendix A
Acceptance criteria for pressure vessels fabricated in accordance with ASME Section
VIII Division 1 and conform to Para UW-51 for full or partial radiography

The following indications are not acceptable:

1. Any indication characterized as a crack or zone of incomplete fusion or

penetration.

2. Any other elongated indication on the radiograph which has length greater than:
a. 6mm for t up to 19mm.
b. 1/3 t for t from l9rnm to 57mm.
c. 19 mm for t over 57mm.

t = the thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement. For a butt
weld joining two members having different thicknesses at the weld, t is the
thinner of these two thicknesses. If a full penetration weld includes a fillet
weld, the thickness of the throat of the fillet shall be included in t.

3. Any group of aligned indications that have an aggregate length greater than t in
a length of 12t, except when the distance between the successive
imperfections exceeds 6L where L is the length of the longest imperfection in
the group.

4. Rounded indications in excess of that specified by the acceptance standards

given in Appendix B.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 31 of 43

Appendix B
Acceptance criteria for rounded indications in accordance with ASME Section VIII
Division 1, Appendix 4
1. Only those rounded indications which exceed the following dimensions shall be
considered relevant:
a. 1/10 t for t less than 3 mm.
b. 0.4mm for t from 3mm to 6 mm.
c. 0.8mm for t greater than 6 mm to 50 mm.
d. 1.5mm for t greater than 50 mm.
2. The maximum permissible size of any indication shall be ¼ t, or 4 mm,
whichever is smaller.
3. Isolated indication separated from an adjacent indication by 25 mm or more
may be 1/3 t or 6 mm, whichever is less.
4. For t greater than 50 mm the maximum permissible size of an isolated
indication shall be 10 mm.
5. Aligned rounded indications are acceptable when the summation of the
diameters of the indications is less than t in a length of 12t.
a. Maximum Group Length
i. L = 6mm for t less than 19 mm.
ii. L = 1/3 t for t 19mm to 57 mm.
iii. L = 19mm for t greater than 57 mm.
b. Minimum Group Spacing shall be 3Lwhere L is the length of the longest
adjacent group being evaluated.
6. For t less than 3mm, the maximum number of rounded indications shall not
exceed 12 in 150 mm length of weld. A proportionally fewer number of
indications shall be permitted in welds less than 150 mm in length.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 32 of 43

7. The length of an acceptable cluster shall not exceed the lesser of 25mm or 2t.
Where more than one cluster is present the sum of the lengths of the clusters
shall not exceed 25 mm in a 150 mm length weld.
8. Rounded Indication Charts in ASME VIII Division 1 Appendix 4 Figs. 4-3
through 4-8 may be used.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 33 of 43

Appendix C
Acceptance criteria for pressure vessels fabricated in accordance with ASME Section
VIII Division 1 and conform to Para UW-52 for spot radiography

The following indications are not acceptable:

1. Welds in which indications are characterized as cracks or zones of incomplete
fusion or penetration.
2. Welds in which indications are characterized as slag inclusions or cavities if the
length of any such indication is greater than 2/3t or 19mm, whichever is
smaller.
t = the thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement. For a butt
weld joining two members having different thicknesses at the weld, t is the
thinner of these two thicknesses. If a full penetration weld includes a fillet
weld, the thickness of the throat of the fillet shall be included in t.
3. Any group of aligned indications that have an aggregate length greater than t or
19mm, whichever is smaller in a length of 6t, except when the distance
between the successive imperfections exceeds 3L where L is the length of the
longest imperfection in the group.
4. The maximum length of acceptable indications shall be 19 mm.
5. Any such indications shorter than 6mm shall be acceptable for any plate
thickness.
6. Rounded indications are not a factor in the acceptability of welds.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 34 of 43

Appendix D
Acceptance criteria for pressure vessels fabricated in accordance with ASME Section
VIII Division 2 conform to Article AI-510

The following indications are not acceptable:

1. Any type of crack or zone of incomplete fusion or penetration.
2. Any elongated inclusion, such as slag, which has a length greater than:
a. 6mm for t up to 19 mm.
b. t for t from 19 mm to 56 mm
c. 19 mm for t over 56 mm.

t = thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement. For a

butt weld joining two members having different thicknesses at the weld,
t is the thinner of these two thicknesses. If a full penetration weld
includes a fillet weld, the thickness of the throat of the fillet shall be
included in t.
3. Any group of inclusions in line that has an aggregate length greater than tin a
length of 12t, except when the distance between the successive imperfections
exceeds 6L, where L is the length of the longest imperfection in the group.
4. Rounded indications in excess of that specified by the acceptance of the
porosity of the standards given in Appendix E.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 35 of 43

Appendix E
Acceptance criteria for rounded indications in accordance with ASME Section VIII
Division 2, Appendix 8
1. Only those rounded indications which exceed the following dimensions shall be
considered relevant:
a. 1/10 t for t less than 3 mm.
b. 0.4 mm for t from 3 mm to 6 mm.
c. 0.8 mm for t greater than 6 mm to 50 mm.
d. 1.5 mm for t greater than 50 mm.
2. The maximum permissible size of any indication shall be ¼t, or 4mm,
whichever is smaller.
3. Isolated indication separated from an adjacent indication by 25 mm or more
may be 1/3t or 6 mm, whichever is less.
4. For t greater than 50 mm the maximum permissible size of an isolated
indication shall be 10 mm.
5. Aligned rounded indications are acceptable when the summation of the
diameters of the indications is less than t in a length of 12t.
a. Maximum Group Length
i. L = 6mm for t less than 19mm.
ii. L = 1/3 t for t 19mm to 57mm.
iii. L = 19mm for t greater than 57mm.
b. Minimum Group Spacing shall be 3Lwhere L is the length of the longest
adjacent group being evaluated.
9. For t less than 3 mm, the maximum number of rounded indications shall not
exceed 12 in 150 mm length of weld. A proportionally fewer number of
indications shall be permitted in welds less than 150 mm in length.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 36 of 43

10. The length of an acceptable cluster shall not exceed the lesser of 25mm or 2t.
Where more than one cluster is present the sum of the lengths of the clusters
shall not exceed 25 mm in a 150mm length weld.
11. Rounded Indication Charts in ASME VIII Division II Appendix 8 Figs. 8-3 may
be used.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 37 of 43

Appendix F
Acceptance criteria for power boilers fabricated in accordance with ASME Section 1
Para PW-51
The following indications are not acceptable:
1. Any type of crack or zone of incomplete fusion or penetration.
2. Any elongated inclusion, such as slag, which has a length greater than:
a. 6mm for t up to 19 mm.
b. t for t from 19 mm to 56 mm
c. 19 mm for t over 56 mm.

t = thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement. For a butt weld
joining two members having different thicknesses at the weld, t is the thinner
of these two thicknesses. If a full penetration weld includes a fillet weld, the
thickness of the throat of the fillet shall be included in t.
3. Any group of inclusions in line that has an aggregate length greater than tin a
length of 12t, except when the distance between the successive imperfections
exceeds 6L, where L is the length of the longest imperfection in the group.
4. Rounded indications in excess of that specified by the acceptance of the
porosity of the standards given in Appendix G.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 38 of 43

Appendix G
Acceptance criteria for rounded indications in accordance with ASME Section I,
Appendix A-250
1. Only those rounded indications which exceed the following dimensions shall be
considered relevant:
a. 1/10t for t less than 3 mm.
b. 0.4 mm for t from 3 mm to 6 mm.
c. 0.8 mm for t greater than 6 mm to 50 mm.
d. 1.6 mm for t greater than 50 mm.
2. The maximum permissible size of any indication shall be ¼ t, or 4 mm,
whichever is smaller.
3. Isolated indication separated from an adjacent indication by 25 mm or more
may be 1/3t or 6mm, whichever is less.
4. For t greater than 50 mm the maximum permissible size of an isolated
indication shall be 10 mm.
5. Aligned rounded indications are acceptable when the summation of the
diameters of the indications is less than t in a length of 12t.
a. Maximum Group Length
i. L = 6 mm for t less than 19 mm.
ii. L = 1/3t for t 19 mm to 57 mm.
iii. L = 19 mm for t greater than 57 mm.
b. Minimum Group Spacing shall be 3L where L is the length of the longest
adjacent group being evaluated.

12. For t less than 3 mm, the maximum number of rounded indications shall not
exceed 12 in 150 mm length of weld. A proportionally fewer number of
indications shall be permitted in welds less than 150mm in length.
DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 39 of 43

13. The length of an acceptable cluster shall not exceed the lesser of 25 mm or
2t. Where more than one cluster is present the sum of the lengths of the
clusters shall not exceed 25 mm in a 150 mm length weld.
14. Rounded Indication Charts in ASME I Appendix A-250 Figs. 3.1 through 3.6
may be used.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 40 of 43

Appendix H
Acceptance criteria for power piping fabricated in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.1
shall conform to Chapter VI, Para 136.3.5A
Welds that are shown by radiography to have any of the following types of
discontinuities are unacceptable:
1. Any type of crack or zone of incomplete fusion or penetration
2. Any other elongated indication which has a length greater than
a. 6m for t up to 19 mm.
b. 1/3t for t from 19 mm to 57 mm.
c. 19 mm for t over 57 mm.

NOTE : t referred to above pertains to the thickness of the weld being

tested. If a weld joins two members having different thickness at the
weld, t is the thinner of these two thicknesses.
3. Any group of indications in line that have an aggregate length greater than t in
a length of 12t, except where the distance between the successive indications
exceeds 6L where L is the longest indication in the group
4. Porosity in excess of that shown as acceptable in Appendix G.
5. Root concavity when there is an abrupt change in density, as indicated on the
radiograph.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 41 of 43

Appendix I
Acceptance criteria for chemical plant and petroleum refinery piping in accordance to
the requirements of ASME/ANSI B31.3 and shall conform to Chapter VI, Table
341.3.2
Normal and Category M Fluid Service
No. Weld Imperfection Circ. Seam Long. Seam
1 Crack Not permitted
2 Lack of fusion Not permitted
Depth =< 1mm or t/5, whichever less
Incomplete
3 Cumulative Length =< 38mm in any Not permitted
penetration
150mm
For t =< 6mm, same as Appendix B
4 Internal porosity
For t > 6mm, values in Appendix B x 1.5
Individual length = 2t
5 Internal inclusion Individual width = 3mm or t/2, whichever less
Cumulative length = 4t in any 150mm
6 Undercutting 1mm or t/4, whichever less Not permitted
Concave root
7 Joint thickness including reinforcement >= t
surface

Severe Cyclic Condition

No. Weld Imperfection Circ. Seam Long. Seam
1 Crack Not permitted
2 Lack of fusion Not permitted
Incomplete
3 Not permitted
penetration
4 Internal porosity Same as Appendix B
DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 42 of 43

Individual length = t/3

5 Internal inclusion Individual width = 2.5mm or t/3, whichever less
Cumulative length = t in any 12t
6 Undercutting Not permitted
Concave root
7 Joint thickness including reinforcement >= t
surface

Category D Fluid Service

No. Weld Imperfection Circ. Seam Long. Seam
1 Crack Not permitted
Depth =< t/5
2 Lack of fusion Cumulative Length =< 38mm in any Not permitted
150mm
Depth =< t/5
Incomplete
3 Cumulative Length =< 38mm in any Not permitted
penetration
150mm
6 Undercutting 1.5mm or t/4, whichever less Not permitted
Concave root
7 Joint thickness including reinforcement >= t
surface

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.

 DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.
PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-002 00 01/09/2014 43 of 43

Appendix J
Acceptance Criteria for welder qualification to ASME Section IX using radiography shall
conform to Para QW191.2
Welder and welding operator performance tests by radiography of welds in test
assemblies shall be judged unacceptable when the radiograph exhibits any
imperfections in excess of the limits specified below:
1. Any type of crack or zone of incomplete fusion or penetration.
2. Any elongated slag inclusion which has a length greater than:
a. 3mm for t up to 10 mm.
b. t/3 for t over 10 mm to 57 mm.
c. 19 mm for t over 57 mm.
3. Any group of slag inclusions in line that have an aggregate length greater than t
in a length of 12t, except when the distance between the successive
imperfections exceeds 6L where L is the length of the longest imperfection in
the group.
4. The maximum permissible dimension for rounded indications shall be 20% of t
or 3mm, whichever is smaller.
5. For welds in material less than 3mm in thickness, the maximum number of
acceptable rounded indications shall not exceed 12 in a 150 mm length of
weld. A proportionately fewer number of rounded indications shall be permitted
in welds less than 150 mm in length.
6. For welds in material 3 mm or greater in thickness, the charts in ASME IX
Article I, Appendix I may be used.
7. The acceptance standard for welding operators who qualify on production welds
shall be that specified in the referencing Code Section.

DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.